Dorewar motsin birni: Kudin cunkoso yayin da matafiya ke haɗuwa a birane

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  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Janairu 17, 2022

Takaitacciyar fahimta

Birane a duk duniya suna ƙaura zuwa tsarin zirga-zirgar jama'a mai ɗorewa don magance ƙalubalen muhalli da na tattalin arziki, kamar hayakin iskar gas da cunkoson ababen hawa. Dorewar zirga-zirgar birane ba kawai yana inganta ingancin iska da lafiyar jama'a ba har ma yana haɓaka tattalin arzikin cikin gida ta hanyar samar da ayyukan yi da haɓaka haɗa kai. Wannan sauye-sauye kuma yana haifar da sauye-sauye na al'umma, gami da raguwar bazuwar birane, ingantacciyar damar samun aikin yi da ilimi, da kuma bangaren makamashi mai dorewa.

Halin motsin birni mai dorewa

Birane a duk faɗin duniya suna ci gaba da bin hanyoyin zirga-zirgar jama'a masu dorewa. Wannan sauyi yana da mahimmanci tunda iskar gas (GHG) da ake fitarwa daga sufuri ya kai kusan kashi 29 na jimillar GHG a Amurka kaɗai. Matsalolin iskar Carbon ba ita ce kaɗai ke hana zirga-zirga a birane ba. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a wani bincike na zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a Amurka ya nuna cewa cunkoson ababen hawa na kashe tattalin arzikin Amurka dala biliyan 179 a duk shekara, yayin da matsakaitan matafiya ke shafe sa'o'i 54 a zirga-zirga a duk shekara.

Yayin da sufuri ke da matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, dorewar zirga-zirgar birane, a asalinsa, shine ikon samar da ingantattun ababen more rayuwa da samun damar haɗa mutane zuwa ayyuka, ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da al'umma gabaɗaya. Cunkoson ababen hawa na kawo cikas ga ingancin rayuwa, ta hanyar bata lokaci da aiki, a manyan biranen da masu matsakaicin girma ke haduwa a kan tafiya ta yau da kullun zuwa aiki. Fa'idodin ɗaukar tsarin zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar birni mai ɗorewa yana da nisa a cikin tasirinsa na al'umma da tattalin arziƙinsa kuma yana da daraja.

Dorewa tsarin sufuri na birane yawanci yana ƙarfafa hanyoyin sufuri marasa motsi kamar hawan keke da tafiya, waɗanda na iya buƙatar faffadan lafazin da keɓaɓɓun hanyoyin kekuna don cimma babbar manufar al'umma ta hanyar samun daidaiton filayen birane. Scooters da sauran haske, mai amfani guda ɗaya, zaɓuɓɓukan sufuri masu ƙarfin baturi za a iya haɗa su a ƙarƙashin ƙamus ɗin sufuri na birni mai dorewa.

Tasiri mai rudani

Biranen kamar Zurich da Stockholm, tare da ingantattun hanyoyin sufurin jama'a, sun ga raguwar mallakar motoci, wanda kai tsaye ke fassara zuwa ga karancin motocin da ke kan hanya da kuma karancin gurbatar yanayi. Wannan fa'idar muhalli ta ƙara zuwa ingantacciyar iska, wanda zai iya yin tasiri sosai ga lafiyar jama'a, rage yaduwar cututtuka na numfashi da sauran batutuwan kiwon lafiya masu alaƙa.

Ta fuskar tattalin arziki, dorewar motsi na birane na iya ƙarfafa masana'antu na gida da samar da ayyukan yi. Hanyar Medellin don samo kayan aikin gida don tsarin metro shine babban misali na wannan. Shirin birnin na samar da motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin gida ba kawai zai rage dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje kadai ba, har ma da samar da ayyukan yi a cikin birnin. Wannan ci gaban tattalin arziki zai iya haifar da karuwar wadata da inganta rayuwar mazauna birnin.

Ta fuskar zamantakewa, ɗorewar motsi na birni na iya haɓaka haɗa kai da daidaito. Rage farashin farashi a tsarin jigilar jama'a, kamar yadda ake gani a Zurich, yana sa zirga-zirgar ababen hawa cikin araha ga kowa, ba tare da la'akari da matakin samun kudin shiga ba. Wannan damar na iya haifar da haɓakar motsin jama'a, saboda daidaikun mutane na iya tafiya cikin sauƙi don aiki, ilimi, ko nishaɗi. Bugu da ƙari, ƙaura zuwa tsarin sufuri mai ɗorewa zai iya haɓaka fahimtar al'umma, yayin da mazauna yankin ke shiga tare a ƙoƙarin rage sawun muhalli na birninsu.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da motsi na birni mai dorewa

Faɗin tasirin motsin birni mai dorewa na iya haɗawa da:

• Haɓaka yawon shakatawa da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi ga biranen da ke da ingantaccen ci gaba, sufuri mai dorewa.
• Karancin rashin aikin yi da karuwar wadatar tattalin arziki yayin da mutane da yawa ke iya samun damar yin aiki cikin sauki cikin sauki.
• Inganta ingancin iska da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya saboda raguwar hayakin carbon, yana tasiri ga al'ummomin birane.
• Sabbin masana'antu sun mayar da hankali kan fasahar kore wanda ke haifar da karuwar ayyukan tattalin arziki da damar aiki.
• Haɓaka yaɗuwar birane a matsayin ingantaccen sufuri na jama'a yana sa rayuwa a cikin manyan biranen birni ya fi jan hankali, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin ƙaƙƙarfan ci gaban birane.
• Manufofin da suka ba da fifiko ga zirga-zirgar jama'a da hanyoyin sufuri marasa motsi, wanda ke haifar da sauyi a cikin tsare-tsaren birane da ci gaban ababen more rayuwa.
• Bukatar ƙwararrun ma'aikata a cikin fasahar kore, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin kasuwar aiki da buƙatar sabbin shirye-shiryen horo da ilimi.
• Tsarin tikitin wayo da bayanan balaguron tafiye-tafiye na ainihi yana haɓaka inganci da dacewa da jigilar jama'a, yana haifar da haɓaka amfani da rage dogaro ga motocin masu zaman kansu.
• Rage yawan amfani da makamashi da dogaro da albarkatun mai, wanda ke haifar da dawwama da juriya ga bangaren makamashi.

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Shin kuna ganin abubuwa irin su geopolitics, saboda karfin tattalin arziki, ya kamata suyi tasiri da yuwuwar biranen duniya suna cin gajiyar motsin birni mai dorewa? 
• Kuna tsammanin za a iya samar da ingantaccen tsarin tattalin arziki don samun daidaiton damar samun albarkatu ta yadda 'yan kasa a fadin duniya za su ci moriyar zirga-zirgar birane?