Rarraba masu tasiri: Sanya fuskar abokantaka akan yakin bayanai

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Rarraba masu tasiri: Sanya fuskar abokantaka akan yakin bayanai

Rarraba masu tasiri: Sanya fuskar abokantaka akan yakin bayanai

Babban taken rubutu
Masu tasiri na kafofin watsa labarun suna da ƙwaƙƙwaran tushen ɓarna game da manyan abubuwan da suka faru da ajanda.
    • About the Author:
    • Sunan marubuci
      Quantumrun Haskaka
    • Disamba 9, 2022

    Takaitacciyar fahimta

    Yayin da kasashe, 'yan siyasa, da kamfanoni ke ci gaba da shiga yakin neman zabe, a kai a kai suna neman hanyoyin isa ga masu amfani da Intanet gwargwadon iko. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi ma'ana kuma hanyoyin sirri don shawo kan gungun mutane shine ta hanyar masu tasiri na kafofin watsa labarun tare da masu sauraro. Koyaya, akwai alamun cewa ana ƙara amfani da masu tasiri don yaƙin neman zaɓe.

    mahallin ɓarna mai tasiri

    Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kira bayanan da ba daidai ba game da cutar ta COVID-19 a matsayin "marasa lafiya," saboda ya haifar da mummunan sakamako na kiwon lafiya tsakanin 2020 zuwa 2022. Daya daga cikin masu yin wannan cutar shine masu tasiri na kafofin watsa labarun da suka musanta kasancewar kwayar cutar ( suna kiransa zamba) ko kuma tambayar ingancin alluran rigakafin ga miliyoyin masu biyan kuɗi. 

    Masu tasiri a kafafen sada zumunta na zamani na iya yada bayanan da ba a sani ba cikin sauri, musamman tun da sun kulla alaka da amincewa da mabiyansu, wadanda yawancinsu matasa ne da yara. Bugu da kari, bayanan karya da ka'idojin makirci sun ba da gudummawa ga yawan jinkirin allurar rigakafi. Bayan al'amuran kiwon lafiya, har ila yau fannin siyasa ya fara amfani da masu tasiri a shafukan sada zumunta wajen murde ra'ayin jama'a, musamman a lokacin zabe.

    Hukumomin mulki sun yi kaurin suna wajen yin amfani da masu tasiri wajen ciyar da farfagandar gwamnati. Wasu daga cikin 'yan jaridu masu alaka da gwamnatin China sun bayyana kansu a matsayin masu tasiri na Instagram ko masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo. Kasar ta kuma dauki hayar kamfanoni don daukar masu tasiri don isar da saƙon da aka tsara a hankali waɗanda ke haɓaka hotonta ga masu amfani da kafofin watsa labarun, musamman a lokacin bala'in cutar. 

    Koyaya, wasu shahararrun mashahuran suna iya yada ɓarna a cikin rashin sani kawai ta hanyar rashin tabbatar da bayanansu akan layi. Misali, mawaƙa Rihanna ta raba hoto mai ɓarna na gobarar daji ta Australiya ta 2020 akan Twitter. A cikin Afrilu 2020, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Woody Harrelson ya raba hatsarori na almara na fasahar 5G tare da mabiyansa miliyan biyu na Instagram. Kuma a cikin Yuli 2020, mawakiyar Kanye West ya gaya wa Forbes cewa ya yi imani za a iya amfani da maganin COVID-19 don dasa guntu a cikin jikin mutane.

    Tasiri mai rudani

    A cikin 2021, gungun masu tasiri na Faransanci da Jamusawa akan YouTube sun bayyana cewa wata hukumar kasuwanci ta Rasha/Birtaniya, Fazze, ta tuntube su don yada rashin fahimta game da allurar COVID-19. Kamfanin ya yi tayin biyan su don tallata bayanan "leaked" wanda ke nuna adadin mutuwar rigakafin Pfizer ya kusan sau uku na AstraZeneca. Babu irin wannan bayanan da aka leka, kuma bayanan karya ne. Duk da yake waɗannan YouTubers sun san ana "haya" don yada rashin fahimta, sun yi kamar suna sha'awar ƙarin koyo game da wannan makirci. An ba su umarnin kar su bayyana cewa za a dauki nauyin bidiyon su (wanda ba bisa ka'ida ba) kuma su yi kamar yadda suke ba da shawara don nuna damuwa ga masu kallon su. 

    A halin yanzu, kamar na 2021, masu ƙirƙirar abun ciki na Kenya za su iya samun $10-15 USD kowace rana ta hanyar batanci ga masu fafutuka da 'yan jarida a kafafen sada zumunta. A cikin 2021, maudu'in #AnarchistJudges ya fara bayyana akan lokutan Twitter a duk faɗin Kenya. Bots marasa fuska da yawa ne suka aiwatar da wannan kamfen na Twitter kuma jerin asusun safa na safa (gaskiya na kan layi na gaskiya).

    Waɗannan sakonnin twitter sun yi ƙoƙarin lalata sunan alkalan Kotun Koli da yawa waɗanda suka ƙi amincewa da Dokar Gyaran Tsarin Mulki. Zargin karya da alkalan suka yi cewa suna shiga cikin haramtattun kwayoyi, cin hanci da rashawa, da almundahana a siyasance cikin sauri ya zama daya daga cikin batutuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a kasar. Wani bincike daga kungiyar kafafen yada labarai na Wired ya gudanar da hirarraki da dama da masu tasiri a shafukan sada zumunta a kasar, kuma akwai shaidar bunkasar kasuwanci mai karancin radar masu kirkiro abun ciki a siyasance. ’Yan jarida da masu fafutuka kuma sun sha fuskantar matsin lamba da barazanar yin shiru ko kuma lalata musu suna.

    Abubuwan da ke haifar da ɓarna mai tasiri

    Faɗin abubuwan da ke haifar da ɓarna mai tasiri na iya haɗawa da: 

    • Matsanancin matsin lamba don dandamali na kafofin watsa labarun don gudanar da bincike na baya a kan mashahuran masu amfani da su da kuma cirewa / gano abun cikin karya.
    • 'Yan jarida da masu fafutuka suna fuskantar ƙarin tsangwama daga ƙungiyoyin masu tasiri don haya.
    • Ƙarin masu tasiri da jihohi ke daukar nauyin yin aiki don musanta zarge-zargen aikata laifin kasa ko inganta ka'idojin yaudara/makirci don raba hankalin talakawa. 
    • Masu tasiri na kafofin watsa labarun suna samun kuɗi masu yawa don shiga cikin kamfen ɗin ɓarna.
    • 'Yan siyasa da kamfanoni suna amfani da ƙarin tasirin kafofin watsa labarun don sarrafa lalacewa ko karkatar da hankali daga abin kunya.
    • Ƙarfafa bincike na tsari da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin abun ciki don dandamali na kafofin watsa labarun, yana haifar da ingantaccen lissafi don yada bayanai.
    • Haɓaka haɓaka shirye-shiryen karatun dijital a makarantu, tana ba da tsararraki masu zuwa don kimanta abubuwan da ke kan layi sosai.
    • Haɓaka a cikin amfani da kayan aikin tushen AI ta kamfanonin kafofin watsa labarun don ganowa da nuna ɓarnar da masu tasiri ke yadawa.

    Tambayoyin da za a duba

    • Wadanne ne wasu kamfen ɗin ɓarna masu tasiri da kuka gani?
    • Ta yaya mutane za su iya kare kansu daga ɓarna masu tasiri?

    Nassoshi masu hankali

    Shahararrun hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa da cibiyoyi an yi nufin wannan fahimtar: