Alurar rigakafin cutar Alzheimer: Hanya mai yuwuwa don hana dogon bankwana

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• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Yuli 8, 2022

Takaitacciyar fahimta

Yin alƙawarin bincike game da jiyya na Alzheimer, mai da hankali kan allurar rigakafi, na iya sa cutar ta iya hana. Yayin da ƙalubale ke wanzuwa, ƙarin kuɗi na iya haifar da alluran rigakafi da yawa nan da 2030s, suna amfanar kiwon lafiya da ƙirƙira. Wannan ci gaban kuma zai iya yin tasiri ga ma'aikata a cikin kulawar tsofaffi, tsawaita rayuwar tsofaffi, kuma yana buƙatar daidaita manufofin kiwon lafiya.

Halin rigakafin cutar Alzheimer

Cutar Alzheimer tana shafar kusan mutane miliyan 6 a Amurka kowace shekara kuma ita ce mafi yawan sanadin cutar hauka da ke da alaƙa da shekaru. Marasa lafiya tare da cutar Alzheimer tare da tsare-tsaren jiyya marasa inganci, rashin matakan rigakafi, da jinkirta ganewar asali. Tare da haɓaka sabon rigakafin cutar Alzheimer, cutar na iya zama abin hanawa gaba ɗaya. 

Akwai nau'ikan rigakafin farko guda biyu: exogenous da endobody. Yawancin alluran rigakafi ba su da waje kuma suna shirya tsarin garkuwar jiki don rigakafin cututtukan da ke haifar da abubuwan waje kamar coronavirus. Alurar rigakafin Endobody ba safai ba ne, suna yin niyya ga kuskuren hanyoyin ciki na jiki. Misali, allurar endobody guda hudu da aka amince dasu a halin yanzu. Biyu da ake nufi da lafiyar dabbobi, biyu kuma don yuwuwar rigakafin takamaiman cututtukan daji. 

United Neuroscience tana gwada irin wannan rigakafin endobody don hana kamuwa da cutar Alzheimer, wanda ya riga ya shiga matakin gwajin ɗan adam na gwaji na asibiti. Jami'ar Kudancin Florida ta kuma buga bincike kan amfani da kwayoyin garkuwar jiki wajen kai hari ga sunadaran da ke haifar da cutar Alzheimer. Hanyar su tana amfani da ƙwayoyin dendritic cike da sunadaran da ke haifar da cututtuka. Kwayoyin dendritic suna sadarwa tare da wasu ƙwayoyin rigakafi don samar da amsawar rigakafi a kan kwayoyin halitta. 

Bincike ya nuna cewa nau'ikan sunadaran suna haifar da cutar Alzheimer: plaques da tangles. Saboda haka, duk wani maganin da zai iya cire waɗannan kwayoyin halitta guda biyu zai yi nasarar hana cutar Alzheimer gaba ɗaya. Wata tawagar likitoci a Cibiyar Nazarin Magungunan Kwayoyin Halitta da Jami'ar California, Irvine, sun yi nasarar gwada rigakafin su akan beraye kuma suna fatan za su ci gaba da gwajin mutane nan ba da jimawa ba. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar allurar rigakafin su a cikin allurai masu yawa kowane wata don nuna gagarumin tasirin rigakafi a cikin mutane masu lafiya, wanda ya sa ya zama mara inganci ga masu fama da cutar. 

Tasiri mai rudani

A cikin 2023, rashin yarda da allurar rigakafin cutar Alzheimer na nuna ƙalubalen haɓaka matakan rigakafin wannan cuta mai muni. Halin rikitarwa da ɗaukar lokaci na gwaji na asibiti yana nufin cewa ci gaban kwanan nan, kamar saurin amincewar Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) na lecanemab (Leqembi) don farkon maganin cutar Alzheimer, da wuya ya haifar da mafita nan take. Wannan yanayin yana haifar da tambayoyi game da lokacin da ake samu don samun ingantattun rigakafin cutar Alzheimer.

Duk da haka, yanayin binciken Alzheimer na iya ganin manyan canje-canje a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Ƙarfafa matsin lamba na jama'a daga ƙungiyoyi masu ba da shawara da kamfanonin kiwon lafiya, waɗanda yuwuwar ribar kasuwanci ta kasancewa na farko don haɓaka rigakafin cutar Alzheimer, na iya haifar da jujjuya kudade zuwa binciken rigakafin cutar Alzheimer. Wannan kwararar kudade yana da yuwuwar haifar da ƙirƙira da gasa, mai yuwuwa ya haifar da allurar rigakafin cutar Alzheimer da yawa shiga kasuwa nan da 2030s. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ƙarin tallafin na iya yin tasiri mai kyau a cikin al'ummar kimiyya, samar da ƙarin damar yin aiki na tushen bincike da haɓaka haɓakar gwaji da samfuri.

Duk da haka, nasarar karɓar maganin rigakafin cutar Alzheimer na gaba na iya dogara ga fiye da ci gaban kimiyya kawai. Hankalin jama'a da amincewa da waɗannan alluran rigakafin za su taka muhimmiyar rawa. Kamfanonin kiwon lafiya na iya buƙatar yin haɗin gwiwa tare da hukumomin gwamnati da kamfanonin tallace-tallace don ƙaddamar da cikakkiyar kamfen ɗin bayanan jama'a waɗanda ke nuna tasiri da amincin allurar. 

Abubuwan da ke tattare da rigakafin cutar Alzheimer

Mafi girman tasirin rigakafin cutar Alzheimer da ake haɓakawa da rarrabawa ga jama'a na iya haɗawa da:

• Masana'antar kiwon lafiya tana shaida canji a cikin buƙatun ma'aikata a cikin sashin kula da tsofaffi, wanda ya dace da ƙaramin adadin masu cutar Alzheimer.
• Tsawon rayuwa da ingantacciyar rayuwa a tsakanin wannan alƙaluman, tasiri tsarin kiwon lafiya, shirin ritaya, da haɓakar al'amuran tsakanin tsararraki.
• Manyan ƴan ƙasa na duniya waɗanda ke amfana daga ingantattun matakan ƴancin kai da ingancin rayuwa gabaɗaya, suna tasiri fahimtar al'umma game da tsufa, shirin ritaya, da tsarin iyali.
• Haɓaka wasu alluran rigakafin da ke yin niyya ga yanayin kiwon lafiya daban-daban, haɓaka sabbin abubuwa a cikin binciken allurar rigakafi da faɗaɗa zaɓuɓɓukan rigakafin rigakafi.
• Rage nauyi akan tsarin kiwon lafiya, wanda ya samo asali daga ƙananan abubuwan da ke faruwa na cutar Alzheimer da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi likita.
• Gwamnatoci masu daidaita manufofin kiwon lafiya da shirye-shiryen tallafi na zamantakewa don ɗaukar yawan tsufa tare da ƙarancin cutar Alzheimer, mai yuwuwar tura albarkatu don magance wasu buƙatun kiwon lafiya masu mahimmanci.
• Ci gaban fasaha a cikin kiwon lafiya, gami da haɓaka rigakafin rigakafi da kayan aikin bincike, haɓaka sakamakon ƙarin kuɗin bincike da saka hannun jari.

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Kuna tsammanin mutane za su ji daɗin karɓar maganin rigakafi don hana cutar Alzheimer? 
• Shin kun yarda cewa za a taba samun magani ga cutar Alzheimer?