Ƙura mai wayo: Na'urori masu auna firikwensin microelectromechanical don sauya sassa daban-daban

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  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Maris 16, 2022

Masu bincike na zamani suna aiki akan tsarin ƙura mai wayo wanda zai iya ba da damar manyan sababbin abubuwa a cikin magani, binciken kimiyya, da masana'antu masu nauyi.  

Haɗin ƙura mai wayo

Ƙura mai wayo wata ƙaramar na'ura ce wacce sau da yawa tana aiki tare da daruruwa zuwa ɗaruruwa zuwa dubbai irin waɗannan na'urori, kuma kowane ɗayan yana iya aiki azaman ɓangaren mutum ɗaya na babban tsarin kwamfuta. Ƙura mai wayo ta ƙunshi kewayon ƙananan tsarin microelectromechanical (MEMS), kamar mutummutumi, kyamarori, firikwensin, da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa. A ƙarshe an haɗa MEMS zuwa cibiyar sadarwar kwamfuta ba tare da waya ba don nazarin bayanan da aka samo ta hanyar fasahar gano mitar rediyo (RFID). 

MEMS, wanda kuma ake kira motes, yana tattara bayanai, gami da haske, zafin jiki, girgiza, hanzari, matsa lamba, sauti, damuwa, da zafi. Ana canja wurin wannan bayanan daga tsarin microelectromechanical zuwa wani har sai ya kai kullin watsawa. Babban ayyuka na MEMS sun haɗa da (1) tattara bayanai, (2) sarrafa bayanai tare da tsarin kwamfuta ba tare da waya ba, (3) da sadar da bayanan zuwa ga gajimare ko wasu MEMS ta hanyar waya.

Wasu masu bincike suna jayayya cewa ƙura mai wayo yana wakiltar juyin halitta na gaba don Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT). Waɗannan na'urori sun ƙara haɓaka, kuma ana haɗa su a ko'ina daga fasahohin abokan ciniki kamar na'urorin thermostats masu wayo zuwa samfuran kamfanoni kamar ƙananan na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke kula da samar da rijiyar mai. 

Koyaya, kamar yadda Gartner's Hype Cycle, fasahar ƙura mai wayo za ta ɗauki sama da shekaru goma don cimma amfani na yau da kullun da kuma sauya fasalin IoT akan sikelin kasuwanci. 

Tasiri mai rudani

Saboda nauyinsu da girmansu, ana iya sanya na'urorin ƙura masu wayo a sauƙaƙe a cikin kunkuntar wurare masu nisa don tattara cikakkun bayanai a yanayi daban-daban. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, fasahar ƙura mai wayo ta tabbatar da fa'ida sosai a cikin masana'antu daban-daban da aikin bincike. Misali:

• Hakanan za'a iya sanya ƙura mai wayo a cikin jikin ɗan adam don bincika dawo da gabobin da suka lalace da karyewar ƙasusuwa. 
• Hakanan ana iya amfani da waɗannan ƙananan MEMS a cikin masana'antar noma don sa ido kan buƙatun tsire-tsire, kamar kawar da kwari da lokutan shayarwa. 
• Masu bincike a UC Berkeley sun tabbatar da cewa kura mai tsaka-tsaki na iya nazarin ayyukan kwakwalwa.

Tambayoyi don yin tsokaci akai

• Wasu aikace-aikace kuke tsammanin za a yi amfani da fasahar ƙura mai wayo a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa?
• Ta yaya ya kamata gwamnatoci su tsara wannan fasaha don iyakance amfani da ita ba daidai ba?