Quantumrun

KASHIN HOTO: Quantumrun

Mutuwar cikakken aiki: Makomar Aiki P2

David Tal, Mawallafi, Futurist
@DavidTalWrites
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Litinin, 09/14/2020 - 08:06

A fasaha, taken wannan labarin yakamata ya karanta: Ci gaba da faɗuwar ayyukan cikakken lokaci a matsayin kaso na kasuwar ƙwadago saboda tsarin jari-hujja mara tsari da haɓaka haɓakar fasahar dijital da injina. Sa'a da samun kowa ya danna wannan!

Wannan babi na jerin Ayyuka na gaba zai kasance gajere kuma kai tsaye. Za mu tattauna kan dakarun da ke kawo koma baya na ayyukan yi na cikakken lokaci, da tasirin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na wannan asara, me zai maye gurbin wadannan ayyuka, da kuma wadanne masana'antu ne zai fi shafan asarar ayyukan yi a cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa.

(Idan kun fi sha'awar abin da masana'antu da ayyuka za su yi girma a cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa, ku ji kyauta don tsallake gaba zuwa babi na hudu.)

Uberization na kasuwar aiki

Idan kun yi aiki a cikin tallace-tallace, masana'antu, nishaɗi, ko duk wani masana'antu masu fa'ida, mai yiwuwa kun saba da daidaitaccen aikin hayar babban tafkin ma'aikata don rufe haɓakar samarwa. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa kamfanoni koyaushe suna da isassun ma'aikata don rufe manyan odar samarwa ko kula da lokutan kololuwa. Duk da haka, a cikin sauran shekara, waɗannan kamfanoni sun sami kansu da yawa fiye da ma'aikata kuma suna biyan kuɗin da ba su da amfani.

An yi sa'a ga masu daukar ma'aikata (kuma rashin sa'a ga ma'aikata dangane da tsayayyen samun kudin shiga), sabbin algorithms na ma'aikata sun shiga kasuwa suna barin kamfanoni su sauke wannan nau'in daukar ma'aikata mara inganci.

Ko kuna son kiran shi ma'aikatan kira, aikin buƙatu, ko tsara lokaci-lokaci, ra'ayin yayi kama da wanda sabon kamfanin taksi, Uber ke amfani dashi. Yin amfani da algorithm ɗin sa, Uber yana nazarin buƙatun tasi na jama'a, yana ba direbobi don ɗaukar mahayan, sannan kuma suna cajin mahaya ƙima don hawan lokacin amfani da tasi mafi girma. Wadannan algorithms na ma'aikata, haka kuma, suna nazarin tsarin tallace-tallace na tarihi da kuma hasashen yanayi-algorithms masu ci gaba har ma da mahimmanci a cikin tallace-tallace na ma'aikata da yawan aiki, maƙasudin tallace-tallace na kamfani, tsarin zirga-zirgar gida, da dai sauransu - duk don tsinkaya ainihin adadin aikin da ake bukata a lokacin kowane lokaci. .

Wannan sabon abu mai canza wasa ne. A baya, ana kallon farashin aiki fiye ko žasa azaman tsayayyen farashi. Daga shekara zuwa shekara, ƙidayar ma'aikata na iya canzawa a tsaka-tsaki kuma albashin ma'aikaci ɗaya na iya haɓaka matsakaici, amma gabaɗaya, farashin ya kasance koyaushe. Yanzu, masu daukan ma'aikata na iya kula da aiki kamar yadda za su yi da kayansu, masana'anta, da farashin ajiya: siya/aiki lokacin da ake buƙata.

Haɓakar waɗannan algorithms na ma'aikata a cikin masana'antu, bi da bi, ya haifar da haɓakar wani yanayin.

Tashi na m tattalin arziki

A da, ma'aikatan wucin gadi da na hayar yanayi ana nufin su rufe ƙorafin masana'anta na lokaci-lokaci ko lokacin dillalan biki. Yanzu, galibi saboda algorithms ɗin ma'aikata da aka zayyana a sama, ana ƙarfafa kamfanoni don maye gurbin manyan ɓangarorin aiki na cikakken lokaci da irin waɗannan ma'aikata.

Daga yanayin kasuwanci, wannan yana da ma'ana gabaɗaya. A cikin kamfanoni da yawa a yau rarar ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci da aka kwatanta a sama ana satar su, yana barin ƙaramin, ɓoyayyen ainihin mahimman ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci waɗanda manyan sojojin kwangila da ma'aikatan wucin gadi ke tallafawa waɗanda za a iya kiran su kawai idan an buƙata. . Kuna iya ganin wannan yanayin da aka fi amfani da shi ga dillalai da gidajen abinci, inda ake sanya ma'aikatan wucin gadi na wucin gadi da sanar da su shigo, wani lokacin tare da sanarwar ƙasa da sa'a guda.

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da waɗannan algorithms ga ƙananan ƙwararru ko ayyukan hannu, amma idan aka ba da lokaci, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ma za a shafa su ma.

Kuma wannan shi ne dan wasan. Tare da kowace shekara goma masu wucewa, aikin cikakken lokaci zai ragu a hankali a matsayin jimlar kashi na kasuwar aiki. Harsashi na farko shine algorithms na ma'aikata dalla-dalla a sama. Harsashi na biyu zai kasance kwamfutoci da robobi da aka kwatanta a surori na gaba na wannan silsilar. Idan aka yi la’akari da wannan yanayin, wane tasiri zai yi ga tattalin arzikinmu da al’ummarmu?

Tasirin tattalin arziki na tattalin arzikin lokaci-lokaci

Wannan sassauƙan tattalin arziƙi wata fa'ida ce ga kamfanoni masu neman aski kashe kuɗi. Misali, zubar da ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci yana ba kamfanoni damar rage fa'idarsu da farashin kiwon lafiya. Matsalar ita ce, waɗannan raguwar suna buƙatar ɗaukar nauyi a wani wuri, kuma da alama ita ce al'ummar da za ta ɗauki shafin don waɗannan farashin da kamfanonin ke fitarwa.

Wannan ci gaban tattalin arziƙin na ɗan lokaci ba kawai zai yi tasiri ga ma'aikata ba, zai kuma yi tasiri ga tattalin arzikin gaba ɗaya. Kadan mutane masu aiki a cikin cikakken lokaci suna nufin mutane kaɗan:

Fa'ida daga shirye-shiryen fansho/na ritaya na taimakon ma'aikata, don haka ƙara farashi ga tsarin tsaro na gama gari.
Ba da gudummawa ga tsarin inshorar rashin aikin yi, yana mai da wahala ga gwamnati ta tallafa wa ma’aikata a lokutan bukata.
Fa'ida daga ci gaba da horar da kan-aiki da gogewar da ke sa su zama kasuwa ga masu aiki na yanzu da na gaba.
Samun damar siyan abubuwa gabaɗaya, rage yawan kashe kuɗin mabukaci da ayyukan tattalin arziki.

Ainihin, yawan mutanen da ke aiki ƙasa da sa'o'i na cikakken lokaci, mafi tsada da ƙarancin gasa gabaɗayan tattalin arzikin ya zama.

Tasirin al'umma na aiki a waje 9-to-5

Bai kamata ya zama abin mamaki ba cewa yin aiki a cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali ko aiki na wucin gadi (wanda ma'aikata algorithm ke gudanarwa) na iya zama babban tushen damuwa. Rahotanni nuna cewa mutanen da ke yin ayyuka masu banƙyama bayan wasu shekaru sune:

Sau biyu kamar waɗanda ke aiki na al'ada 9-to-5's don bayar da rahoton samun matsalar tabin hankali;
Sau shida kamar yiwuwar jinkirta fara dangantaka mai tsanani; kuma
Sau uku kamar yiwuwar jinkirta haihuwa.

Waɗannan ma'aikatan kuma suna ba da rahoton rashin iya tsara balaguron iyali ko ayyukan gida, kula da rayuwa mai kyau na zamantakewa, kula da tsofaffi, da kuma iyayen 'ya'yansu yadda ya kamata. Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke aiki irin waɗannan ayyuka suna ba da rahoton samun kashi 46 cikin XNUMX ƙasa da waɗanda ke aiki na cikakken lokaci.

Kamfanoni suna ɗaukar aikinsu azaman farashi mai canzawa a ƙoƙarinsu na canzawa zuwa ma'aikata da ake buƙata. Abin baƙin ciki shine, haya, abinci, kayan aiki, da sauran kuɗaɗen kuɗi ba su da canji ga waɗannan ma'aikata-mafi yawan ƙayyadaddun wata-wata ne. Kamfanonin da ke aiki don kawar da farashin canjin su suna sa ma'aikata wahala su biya ƙayyadaddun farashin su.

Masana'antun da ake buƙata

A halin yanzu, masana'antun da algorithms na ma'aikata suka fi shafa sune dillali, baƙi, masana'antu, da gini (kusan biyar na kasuwar aiki). Sun yi zubar da mafi cikakken lokaci jobs har zuwa yau. Nan da 2030, ci gaban fasaha zai ga irin wannan raguwar sufuri, ilimi, da sabis na kasuwanci.

Tare da duk waɗannan ayyuka na cikakken lokaci sannu a hankali suna ɓacewa, ragi na ma'aikata da aka ƙirƙira zai rage ƙarancin albashi da ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata. Wannan sakamako na gefe zai kuma jinkirta saka hannun jarin kamfanoni masu tsada a cikin aiki da kai, ta yadda zai jinkirta lokacin da mutummutumi ke ɗaukar duk ayyukanmu… amma na ɗan lokaci kaɗan.

Ga marasa aikin yi da kuma waɗanda ke neman aiki a halin yanzu, wannan mai yiwuwa ba shine mafi kyawun karantawa ba. Amma kamar yadda aka yi ishara a baya, babi na gaba a cikin jerin ayyukanmu na gaba za su fayyace waɗanne masana'antu ne aka saita don haɓaka cikin shekaru ashirin masu zuwa da abin da kuke buƙatar yin kyau a cikin tattalin arzikinmu na gaba.