Kafukufuku wasayansi wa AI: Cholinga chenicheni cha kuphunzira pamakina

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Kafukufuku wasayansi wa AI: Cholinga chenicheni cha kuphunzira pamakina

Kafukufuku wasayansi wa AI: Cholinga chenicheni cha kuphunzira pamakina

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Ofufuza akuyesa luso la luntha lochita kupanga kuti athe kuwunika zambiri zomwe zingapangitse kuti atulukire.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • Mwina 11, 2023

    Kupanga ma hypotheses nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa ngati ntchito yaumunthu yokha, chifukwa imafunikira luso, chidziwitso, komanso kuganiza mozama. Komabe, ndikupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, asayansi akutembenukira ku kuphunzira kwamakina (ML) kuti apange zatsopano. Ma algorithms amatha kusanthula zambiri mwachangu ndikuzindikira mawonekedwe omwe anthu sangathe kuwona.

    Mtheradi

    M'malo motengera malingaliro amunthu, ofufuza apanga ma algorithms a neural network ML ndi mapangidwe owuziridwa ndi ubongo wamunthu, akuwonetsa malingaliro atsopano otengera ma data. Zotsatira zake, madera ambiri atha kutembenukira ku ML kuti ifulumizitse kutulukira kwasayansi ndikuchepetsa kukondera kwa anthu. Pankhani ya zida za batri zomwe sizinadziwike, asayansi akhala akudalira njira zofufuzira za database, ma modeling, ndi mphamvu zawo zamakina kuti azindikire mamolekyu otheka. Gulu lochokera ku yunivesite ya Liverpool yochokera ku UK linalemba ntchito ML kuti ikhale yosavuta kupanga. 

    Choyamba, ofufuzawo adapanga neural network yomwe imayika patsogolo kuphatikiza kwamankhwala kutengera kuthekera kwawo kopanga zinthu zatsopano zamtengo wapatali. Kenako asayansi adagwiritsa ntchito masanjidwewa kuti atsogolere maphunziro awo a labotale. Zotsatira zake, adapeza zosankha zinayi zamphamvu za batri popanda kuyesa chilichonse chomwe chili pamndandanda wawo, kuwapulumutsa miyezi yoyesera ndi zolakwika. Zida zatsopano si malo okhawo omwe ML ingathandize kafukufuku. Ofufuza amagwiritsanso ntchito maukonde a neural kuti athetse zovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo komanso zamalingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, katswiri wa sayansi ya sayansi ku Zurich Institute for Theoretical Physics, Renato Renner, akuyembekeza kupanga kufotokoza kogwirizana kwa momwe dziko limagwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ML. 

    Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yotsogola ya AI monga OpenAI's ChatGPT imalola ofufuza kuti adzipangira okha deta, mitundu, ndi malingaliro atsopano. Izi zimatheka kudzera munjira monga ma generative adversarial networks (GANs), variational autoencoder (VAEs), ndi mitundu ya zilankhulo zotengera ma transformer (monga Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3 kapena GPT-3). Mitundu ya AI iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga ma seti a data, kupanga ndi kukhathamiritsa kamangidwe katsopano ka ML, ndikupanga malingaliro atsopano asayansi pozindikira mawonekedwe ndi maubale mu data yomwe sinali yosadziwika.

    Zosokoneza

    Asayansi atha kugwiritsa ntchito generative AI kuthandiza pakufufuza. Pokhala ndi luso losanthula machitidwe ndi kulosera zomwe zidzachitike potengera chidziwitsocho, zitsanzozi zitha kuthetsa malingaliro ovuta a sayansi omwe sanathe kuthetsedwa ndi anthu. Izi sizidzangopulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama, komanso zidzathandiza kumvetsetsa kwaumunthu kwa sayansi kupitirira malire ake amakono. 

    Katswiri wofufuza ndi chitukuko (R&D) apeza kukhala kosavuta kusonkhanitsa ndalama zoyenera chifukwa ML imatha kukonza deta mwachangu. Zotsatira zake, asayansi adzafuna chithandizo chowonjezereka mwa kulemba antchito atsopano kapena kugwirizana ndi malonda odziwika bwino ndi makampani kuti apange zotsatira zabwino. Zotsatira za chidwichi zidzakhala zabwino, osati pa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi komanso kwa akatswiri a sayansi. 

    Komabe, chotchinga chomwe chingakhalepo ndi chakuti mayankho amitundu yosinthikawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuti anthu amvetsetse, makamaka malingaliro omwe akukhudzidwa. Chifukwa chakuti makinawa amangopereka mayankho komanso osafotokoza chifukwa chomwe athetsera vutoli, asayansi akhoza kukhala osatsimikiza za ndondomekoyi ndi mapeto ake. Kusadziwika kumeneku kumachepetsa chidaliro pazotsatira ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma neural network omwe angathandize pakuwunika. Choncho, padzakhala kofunikira kuti ochita kafukufuku apange chitsanzo chomwe chingadzifotokozere.

    Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa sayansi wa AI

    Zotsatira zazikulu za kafukufuku wasayansi wa AI zingaphatikizepo:

    • Kusintha kwa miyezo ya olemba pamapepala ofufuza, kuphatikiza kupereka mbiri yaluntha kwa AI. Momwemonso, machitidwe a AI tsiku lina adzapatsidwa ngati omwe angalandire Mphotho ya Nobel, zomwe zingayambitse mikangano yayikulu ngati ma aligorivimuwa ayenera kuvomerezedwa ngati oyambitsa.
    • Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi AI atha kubweretsa mitundu yatsopano yamavuto ndi mafunso ena azamalamulo ndi abwino okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito AI ndi machitidwe odziyimira pawokha pazomwe asayansi apeza.
    • Asayansi akugwira ntchito ndi zida zosiyanasiyana za AI kuti azitha kuthamangitsa zomwe zikuchitika komanso kuyesa kwachipatala.
    • Kuchulukitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu chifukwa champhamvu yamakompyuta yofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito ma algorithm awa.
    • Asayansi amtsogolo akuphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito AI ndi zida zina za ML pakuyenda kwawo.
    • Maboma akupanga miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi pazoletsa ndi zofunikira pakuyesa kwasayansi kopangidwa ndi AI.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Ngati ndinu wasayansi, kodi bungwe lanu kapena labotale yanu ikukonzekera bwanji kuphatikiza kafukufuku wothandizidwa ndi AI?
    • Kodi mukuganiza kuti kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi AI angakhudze bwanji msika wa ntchito kwa asayansi ndi ofufuza?

    Maumboni anzeru

    Maulalo otsatirawa otchuka ndi mabungwe adanenedwa kuti adziwe izi: