Matenda a Lyme: Kodi kusintha kwa nyengo kukufalitsa matendawa?

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 27, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Matenda a Lyme, matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma vectors ku US, amafalikira kudzera mu kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa ndipo atha kubweretsa zovuta zathanzi ngati sizikuthandizidwa. Kukula kwa mizinda ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kwachititsa kuti nkhupakupa zifalikire, kuchititsa kuti anthu asavutike kwambiri komanso kudwala matenda a Lyme. Ngakhale kuyesayesa kolimbana ndi matendawa, kufalikira kwake kofulumira kuli ndi zotulukapo zazikulu, kuyambira pakusintha zizoloŵezi zachisangalalo zakunja kufikira kusonkhezera zoyesayesa zakulinganiza za mizinda ndi kasungidwe kake.

Matenda a Lyme 

Matenda a Lyme, oyambitsidwa ndi borrelia burgdorferi ndipo nthawi zina borrelia mayoni, ndi matenda omwe amafalitsidwa kwambiri ndi vekitala ku US. Matendawa amafalikira polumidwa ndi nkhupakupa zamiyendo yakuda. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi kutentha thupi, kutopa, kupweteka mutu, ndi zotupa pakhungu zomwe zimadziwika kuti osamukira ku erythema. Matenda osachiritsika amatha kufalikira kumtima, mafupa, ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Kuzindikira matenda a Lyme kumatengera kuthekera kwa nkhupakupa komanso kuwonetsa zizindikiro za thupi. 

Nkhupakupa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhalango za New England ndi madera ena ankhalango ku US; komabe, kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti nkhupakupa zonyamula matenda a Lyme zapezeka pafupi ndi magombe ku Northern California kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kukula kwa malo okhala anthu okhala m’madera akuthengo, kuphatikizapo nkhalango za kum’maŵa kwa United States, kwachititsa kuti nkhalango zigawikane zomwe zagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a Lyme. Mwachitsanzo, kumangidwa kwa nyumba zatsopano, kumapangitsa anthu kukumana ndi nkhupakupa zomwe poyamba zinkakhala m'madera amitengo kapena osatukuka. 

Kukula kwa mizinda kungakhalenso kwachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha mbewa ndi nswala, zomwe nkhupakupa zimafunikira chakudya chamagazi, motero zikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha nkhupakupa. Malinga ndi bungwe loteteza zachilengedwe la US Environmental Protection Agency, kutentha ndi chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nkhupakupa komanso moyo wa nkhupakupa. Mwachitsanzo, nkhupakupa za mbawala zimakula bwino m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi pafupifupi 85 peresenti ndipo zimakhala zokangalika kwambiri kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Zotsatira zake, kukwera kwa kutentha komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kukuyembekezeredwa kukulitsa malo abwino okhala nkhupakupa ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zingapo zomwe zikupangitsa kufalikira kwa matenda a Lyme.

Zosokoneza

Ngakhale sizikudziwika kuti ndi anthu angati a ku America omwe amadwala matenda a Lyme, umboni waposachedwa wofalitsidwa ndi bungwe la US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) umasonyeza kuti anthu okwana 476,000 a ku America amadziwika ndi kulandira matendawa chaka chilichonse. Pakhala pali malipoti a milandu m'maboma onse 50. Chofunikira chachikulu chachipatala chimaphatikizapo kufunikira kwa matenda abwino; izi zikuphatikizapo kutha kuzindikira matenda a Lyme oyambirira asanayesedwe ndi antibody kuti azindikire modalirika komanso kupanga katemera wa matenda a Lyme. 

Kungoganiza kuti kutentha kwapakati pazaka zapakati pazaka zapakati pazaka zapakati pa US National Climate Assessment (NCA4) - kuchuluka kwa matenda a Lyme mdziko muno kukuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 20 peresenti kubwera. zaka makumi. Zotsatirazi zingathandize akatswiri azaumoyo wa anthu, asing'anga, ndi opanga mfundo kulimbikitsa kukonzekera ndi kuyankha, komanso kulimbikitsa kuzindikira kwa anthu kufunikira kokhala osamala pochita nawo ntchito zakunja. Kumvetsetsa momwe kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka komwe kakuchitika komanso mtsogolo kungakhudzire chiwopsezo cha matenda kwa anthu kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa akatswiri azachilengedwe, akatswiri a miliri, ndi azaumoyo.

Ngakhale boma lachita ndalama zambiri, kukwera kwachangu kwa Lyme ndi matenda ena obwera ndi nkhupakupa kwawonekera. Malinga ndi CDC, chitetezo chaumwini ndicho chotchinga chabwino kwambiri cholimbana ndi matenda a Lyme komanso kusintha kwa malo komanso chithandizo chamankhwala acaricide kunyumba. Komabe, pali umboni wochepa wosonyeza kuti iliyonse mwa njirazi imagwira ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuseri kwa nyumba kumachepetsa manambala a nkhupakupa koma sikukhudza mwachindunji matenda a anthu kapena kulumikizana ndi nkhupakupa.

Zotsatira za kufalikira kwa matenda a Lyme

Zotsatira zazikulu za kufalikira kwa matenda a Lyme zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zofufuzira za matenda a Lyme, zomwe zimapangitsa kumvetsetsa bwino za matendawa ndikusintha njira zamankhwala.
• Kupanga mapulogalamu odziwitsa anthu zamagulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu adziwe zambiri za zoopsa ndi njira zopewera.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mgwirizano pakati pa okonza mizinda ndi osamalira zachilengedwe, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mapangidwe a mizinda omwe amalemekeza malo achilengedwe komanso kuchepetsa mikangano ya anthu ndi nyama zakutchire.
• Kutuluka kwa msika watsopano wazinthu zopewera matenda a Lyme, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogula awononge ndalama zambiri pa zida zodzitetezera komanso zothamangitsa.
• Kusintha kwa zikhalidwe zosangalalira panja, pomwe anthu amakhala osamala kwambiri mwinanso kupewa zochitika zina, zomwe zimabweretsa kutayika kwa mabizinesi monga malo omisasa kapena oyendera alendo.
• Kutsika komwe kungagwere mitengo yamtengo wapatali m'madera omwe amadziwika kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a Lyme, okhudza eni nyumba komanso makampani ogulitsa nyumba.
• Boma likukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudza chitukuko cha malo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani omanga achuluke komanso kuchedwetsa kukula kwa mizinda.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwakusagwira ntchito pantchito pomwe anthu omwe akukhudzidwa amatenga nthawi yopuma kuti akalandire chithandizo, zomwe zimabweretsa zokolola m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
• Kuyang'ana kwambiri pachitetezo cha chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malamulo okhwima ogwiritsira ntchito nthaka komanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa mafakitale m'madera ena.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukudziwa aliyense amene anadwala matenda a Lyme? Kodi chokumana nacho chawo chakhala chotani posamalira nthendayi?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe mungatsatire kuti nkhupakupa zisakhale panja mukakhala panja?