Mphamvu yamphepo yam'badwo wotsatira: Kusintha ma turbines amtsogolo

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• July 18, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Pamene dziko likutsamira kwambiri ku mphamvu yamphepo, ma turbines atsopano, akuluakulu, ndi ogwira mtima kwambiri akupangidwa, kukonzanso mawonekedwe a mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso. Kusinthaku kukuchititsa kuti pakhale kuchulukirachulukira kwa ndalama, kupanga ntchito, ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, makamaka pakusunga mphamvu ndi mamangidwe okhazikika. Kufalikira kwa mphamvu zamphepo kwatsala pang'ono kukhudza kwambiri mfundo zamphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi, kachitidwe ka ogula, ndi njira za chilengedwe, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa momwe timafikira pakupangira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

M'badwo wotsatira wa mphamvu yamphepo

Kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso wamagetsi amphepo kumakonda kumangidwa kwa ma turbine akuluakulu, chifukwa amatha kukolola magetsi ochulukirapo kuposa omwe adawatsogolera ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa chake, mapulani omwe akupikisana nawo akufalitsidwa pafupipafupi ndi makampani omwe akufuna kupanga ma turbines okulirapo. Mwachitsanzo, GE's offshore Haliade-X mphepo turbine idzaima pa 853 mapazi utali ndi kupereka 45 peresenti mphamvu kuposa ma turbines ena akunyanja. Ku Norway, njira yowomba mphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja imatha kufika mamita chikwi koma imagwiritsa ntchito ma turbine ang'onoang'ono angapo mumpangidwe wokhazikika kuti apange njira zolumikizirana ndi kukonza zopanda zida zolemera.

Mosiyana ndi izi, ma turbine opanda zingwe, monga omwe amapangidwa ndi Vortex Bladeless, amafuna kuchepetsa mtengo, kukonza, komanso kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe chamagetsi opangira magetsi. Kite Power Systems ku United Kingdom akufunanso kugwiritsa ntchito kite kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu yamphepo. Kukula kwina kumakhudza ma vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), omwe amagwiritsa ntchito injini zogwira mtima kwambiri kuposa ma turbine achikhalidwe opingasa amphepo. Ma VAWT nawonso amakhala ophatikizika kwambiri kuti akonzekere ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a wina ndi mnzake akakonzedwa mu gridi. 
 
Ku South Korea, Odin Energy yafalitsa lingaliro la nsanja yamphepo yopanda phokoso, yapansi 12, yomwe ili ndi chipinda chilichonse chokhala ndi VAWT, yomwe imathandizira kupanga magetsi ochulukirapo pagawo lililonse kuposa makina opangira mphepo. Zinsanja zam'mwamba zimatha kuthamangitsidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndipo motero zimapereka mphamvu kuwirikiza kanayi kuchuluka kwa magetsi opangidwa ndi turbine yokwera pansi. Komanso, nsanja zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi nyumba zomwe zilipo kale. 

Zosokoneza  

Kukwera komwe kukuyembekezeredwa kwa kufunikira kwa magetsi padziko lonse lapansi, kolimbikitsidwa ndi kukulirakulira kwa matekinoloje odalira magetsi monga magalimoto amagetsi ndi zombo, kuyika makampani opanga magetsi ngati gawo lofunikira kwambiri pagawo lamagetsi. Pamene matekinolojewa akuchulukirachulukira, madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoyikamo malo opangira mphepo atha kukhala ndi chiwonjezeko pakulandila mphamvu yamphepo. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kukwera kwamphamvu kwapadziko lonse lapansi pakusintha kuchoka kumafuta opangidwa ndi kaboni, zomwe zikulimbikitsanso kufunika kwamakampani opanga mphamvu zamphepo. Chifukwa chake, kusinthaku kungayambitse zatsopano zamatekinoloje amagetsi amphepo, popeza kufunikira kwa mayankho ogwira mtima komanso ochulukirapo kumakulirakulira.

Chidwi cha Investor mumakampani opanga magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo chatsala pang'ono kukula potengera tsogolo lawo. Kuchulukana kwa ndalama izi kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama ndi ma venture capitalists akuyembekezeka kuyambitsa kuyambika kwa ntchito ndikutsegula njira zatsopano zamalonda pamtengo wamtengo wapatali wamagetsi. Kukula kwa gawoli sikumangopindulitsa omwe akukhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yamphepo komanso kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa mafakitale ogwirizana nawo, monga makampani opanga ukadaulo wa batri. Makampaniwa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pazachilengedwe zamagetsi zongowonjezwdwanso, chifukwa cha gawo lawo pakusunga magetsi ochulukirapo opangidwa ndi mphepo nthawi yomwe kupanga kumakhala kotsika kapena kufunidwa kwambiri.

Kuphatikizika kwa mphamvu yamphepo kuphatikiziro lalikulu la mphamvu kungatanthauze mwayi wochuluka wa ntchito ndi kupeza magwero amphamvu amphamvu. Kwa makampani, makamaka m'magawo amphamvu ndiukadaulo, imayimira malo omwe angathe kusiyanasiyana komanso kuyika ndalama. Maboma angafunike kuganizira mfundo ndi zolimbikitsa kuti alimbikitse chitukuko cha zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, kuthana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe komanso kukwera kwa kufunikira kwa magetsi. 

Zotsatira za ma turbine amphepo am'badwo wotsatira

Zotsatira zochulukira zakusintha koyikira makina amphepo am'badwo wotsatira zingaphatikizepo:

• Magetsi opezeka m'malo omwe akutuluka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa machitidwe apakati, kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwa dera komanso kudziyimira pawokha.
• Zomangamanga zimapangidwira kupanga mphamvu zawo ndi makina opangira mphepo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukwera kwa zomangamanga, zopanga mphamvu.
• Zomangamanga zimasintha kuti zilimbikitse kapena kufunikira kuphatikizidwa kwa magetsi ongowonjezedwanso ngati ma turbine amphepo, kulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga yokhazikika.
• Kufalikira kwa ma turbines amphepo m'madera omwe anali ndi liwiro losayenerera m'mbuyomu, kukulitsa kufalikira kwa mphamvu yamphepo.
• Kuchepetsa kukana kwa anthu kuyika makina opangira magetsi pomwe mitundu yatsopano, yocheperako ikupezeka, kufewetsa njira zamapulojekiti amagetsi ongowonjezedwanso pagulu.
• Maboma akulimbikitsa kupanga makina opangira mphepo opanda phokoso, osawoneka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri avomerezedwe komanso kukhazikitsa bwino mfundo.
• Kukhazikika kwamphamvu paukadaulo wosungira batire kuti zigwirizane ndi mphamvu yamphepo, ndikupititsa patsogolo njira zosungira mphamvu.
• Kupanga ntchito pomanga ndi kukonza malo atsopano opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo, zomwe zikuthandizira kukula kwachuma komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa ogwira ntchito.
• Kugogomezera kwambiri pa maphunziro a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mapulogalamu ophunzitsira, kukonzekera anthu ogwira ntchito mtsogolo motsogozedwa ndi ukadaulo wokhazikika wamagetsi.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukukhulupirira kuti mphamvu yamphepo idzakhala mtundu waukulu wa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso? Kapena mukukhulupirira kuti iwona gawo lalikulu la kusakanikirana kwakukulu kwa magwero amphamvu zongowonjezwdwa?
• Pakati pa makina okhala ndi kukula kwake kozungulira kozungulira ndi makina opanda blade, ndi gulu liti la ma turbine amphepo omwe mukuyembekeza kuti lilamulire mtsogolo?