Misewu ya dzuwa: Misewu yopangira mphamvu

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• April 4, 2023

Kupita patsogolo kwa teknoloji ya photovoltaic cell (PV) kwapangitsa kuti misewu ya dzuwa ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso yotsika mtengo. Kutukukaku kukutanthauza kuti mayiko ambiri akuwunika kuthekera kophatikiza misewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa muzomangamanga zawo. Misewu ikuluikulu ya dzuwa ili ndi kuthekera kopereka mphamvu zokhazikika, kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta oyaka, komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga magetsi kuchokera kumisewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa kungathandize kuyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi ndikuchepetsa kufunika kwa malo opangira mafuta achikhalidwe. 

Msewu wa Solar Highways

Misewu ikuluikulu yoyendera dzuwa ndi misewu yopangidwa ndi ma solar panel omwe amakutidwa ndi pulasitiki yolimba komanso yokhala ndi magalasi ophwanyidwa kuti msewuwu uzitha kupirira katundu wolemera. Misewu ikuluikuluyi ilinso ndi mawaya ophatikizidwamo. Pamene ukadaulo wa misewu ya solar ukupita patsogolo, idaphatikizanso zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri monga nyali za LED zolembera zolembera, kulumikizana ndi madalaivala, ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zowunikira kulemera zidawonjezeredwa kuti zizindikire zopinga pamsewu kapena kuchenjeza eni nyumba za magalimoto omwe akuyandikira. Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kunangowonjezera kukopa ndi chisangalalo chozungulira lingaliro la misewu ya dzuwa. Komabe, kuyesa ku France mu 2015 kunalephera chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa mapanelo komanso kuchepa kwachangu.

Kupita patsogolo kuyambira nthawiyo kudapangitsa kuti bizinesi ichuluke, mitengo yamagetsi adzuwa ikutsika, komanso mphamvu zawo zikuchulukirachulukira. Mu 2021, Germany, Belgium, ndi Netherlands anagwira ntchito pa Rolling Solar project, ndi ma laboratories ochokera m'mayikowa akufuna kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo a photovoltaic kuti apeze zipangizo zotsika mtengo. Kuonjezera apo, ochirikizawo adanena kuti ma solar panels asintha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambira 2014, mtengo wa solar PV panels watsika kwambiri ndi pafupifupi 70 peresenti, malinga ndi Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA). Mu 2015, FirstSolar idapanga mitu yokhala ndi mapanelo omwe anali othandiza 18.2%. Komabe, ma prototypes apamwamba kwambiri akwanitsa kuchita bwino pa 45 peresenti mu 2021. Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa yakula pafupifupi kasanu ndi kamodzi poyerekeza ndi 2014. 

Zosokoneza zamisewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa

Makampani opanga dzuwa awonanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ntchito, kukula ndi 167 peresenti kuyambira 2010s, kupatsa antchito aluso omwe amatha kuyang'anira ntchito yoyendera misewu yoyendera dzuwa komanso akatswiri ambiri omwe ali ndi ukadaulo wokhazikitsa mphamvu ya dzuwa moyenera. Malinga ndi SEIA, anthu opitilira 255,000 ku US adalembedwa ntchito ndi makampani oyendera dzuwa opitilira 10,000 m'boma lililonse mu 2021. Chaka chomwecho, makampani oyendera dzuwa adaperekanso ndalama zokwana $33 biliyoni ku chuma cha America.

Pamene gawo la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa likukulirakulira komanso kuthandizidwa, mayiko ena aku Europe atha kuyambanso kuyesa lingaliro la misewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa. Kuchita bwino kungachepetse kudalira mafuta oyambira pansi komanso kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito malo atsopano opangira minda ya dzuwa, kufulumizitsa anthu kukhala tsogolo lokhazikika. Komabe, pangafunike kusintha zambiri kuti ma solar akhazikike m'misewu yamakono. Mwachitsanzo, matayala wamba angafunikire kukonzedwanso kuti azigwira bwino ntchito pagalasi. Kukonza misewu kungafunenso akatswiri aluso m'malo mogwira ntchito yopanda luso. Ukadaulowu ulinso ndi kuthekera kothandizira kusintha kwina komwe kumachokera ku net-zero carbon dioxide: Imatha kuthandizira kwambiri magalimoto amagetsi pomwe makampani akusintha mapangidwe awo kuti azilipiritsa akayimitsidwa kapena kuyendetsa.

Zotsatira za misewu ya solar

Zowonjezereka za misewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa zingaphatikizepo:

• Kufunika kocheperako kapena kocheperako kuyatsa magetsi amsewu kuchokera pagululi.
• Kuchepetsa kuonongeka kwa magetsi chifukwa mphamvu zotengedwa sizikanayenera kunyamulidwa mtunda wautali kuti zikafike kumizinda. 
• Kuyenda bwino kwa magalimoto amagetsi, chifukwa amalipira nthawi imodzi ali pamsewu, zomwe zimawalola kuyenda mtunda wautali.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mwayi wa ntchito pamene maiko ambiri amamanga maziko ofunikira kuti athandizire misewu yayikulu yoyendera dzuwa, makamaka Internet of Things (IoT).
• Kuchulukitsa kwandalama kuchokera kumayiko otukuka misewu yokhala ndi solar pomwe akuyesera kukwaniritsa malonjezo awo a net-zero carbon.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zodziimira payekha komanso kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta akunja.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kwina komanso luso logwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwwdwanso kuti zikhazikitse mphamvu zamagulu ndi zoyendera.
• Malamulo ochulukirapo omwe amathandizira mabizinesi amagetsi ongowonjezedwanso ndikulanga mafakitale omwe amadalira mafuta.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mungawone bwanji misewu yayikulu ya solar ikuyenererana ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ndi zomangamanga zokhazikika?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti misewu yayikulu yoyendera mphamvu ya solar ingalipidwe bwanji ndi kusamalidwa?