Mzinda wa Smart ndi intaneti ya Zinthu: Kulumikizana kwa digito kumatauni

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• July 13, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Mizinda ikusintha mwachangu kukhala matawuni anzeru, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa intaneti wa Zinthu (IoT) kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zaboma komanso zomangamanga. Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kumabweretsa kutukuka kwa moyo, kukhazikika kwachilengedwe, komanso mwayi watsopano wazachuma. Kusinthaku kumabweretsanso zovuta pazinsinsi za data komanso kufunikira kwa maluso atsopano muukadaulo ndi chitetezo cha pa intaneti.

Smart City ndi intaneti ya Zinthu

Kuyambira m’chaka cha 1950, chiwerengero cha anthu okhala m’mizinda chawonjezeka kuwirikiza ka 751, kuchoka pa 4 miliyoni kufika pa 2018 biliyoni mu 2.5. Mizinda ikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeranso anthu 2020 biliyoni pakati pa 2050 ndi XNUMX, zomwe zikubweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa maboma amizinda.

Pamene anthu ambiri akusamukira kumizinda, madipatimenti okonza matauni akumatauni akuchulukirachulukira kuti apereke chithandizo chapamwamba komanso chodalirika chaboma. Zotsatira zake, mizinda yambiri ikuganiza zabizinesi zanzeru zamatawuni mumayendedwe amakono otsatirira ndi kasamalidwe ka digito kuti awathandize kuyang'anira chuma ndi ntchito zawo. Zina mwa matekinoloje omwe amathandizira maukondewa ndi zida zolumikizidwa ndi intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT). 

IoT ndi gulu la zida zamakompyuta, makina amakina ndi digito, zinthu, nyama kapena anthu omwe ali ndi zozindikiritsa zapadera komanso kuthekera kotumiza deta pamaneti ophatikizika popanda kufunikira kolumikizana ndi munthu ndi kompyuta kapena munthu ndi munthu. M'mizinda, zida za IoT monga mita zolumikizira, kuyatsa mumsewu, ndi masensa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanthula deta, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kayendetsedwe kazinthu zofunikira pagulu, ntchito, ndi zomangamanga. 

Europe ndiye woyamba padziko lonse lapansi pakutukuka kwamizinda. Malinga ndi IMD Smart City Index 2023, mizinda isanu ndi itatu mwa 10 yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ili ku Europe, pomwe Zurich ndi yomwe ili pamwamba. Mlozerawu umagwiritsa ntchito Human Development Index (HDI), metric yophatikizika yomwe imaphatikizapo zaka zoyembekeza kukhala ndi moyo, milingo yamaphunziro, ndi ndalama zomwe munthu aliyense amapeza poyesa chitukuko chonse cha dziko. 

Zosokoneza

Kuphatikizika kwa matekinoloje a IoT m'matauni kumabweretsa zopanga zatsopano zomwe zimakweza mwachindunji moyo wa okhala mumzinda. Ku China, masensa amtundu wa IoT amapereka chitsanzo chothandiza. Masensa awa amawunika kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya ndikutumiza zidziwitso kwa okhalamo kudzera pazidziwitso zapa foni yam'manja mpweya ukatsika kwambiri. Chidziwitso chanthawi yeniyenichi chimapatsa mphamvu anthu kuti achepetse kukhudzana ndi mpweya woipitsidwa, zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa matenda opuma komanso matenda.

Magetsi anzeru akuyimira kugwiritsa ntchito kwina kofunikira kwa IoT pakuwongolera matauni. Ma gridi awa amathandizira opereka magetsi kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ntchito yogawa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito. Kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndikodziwikanso; pokulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, mizinda imatha kuchepetsa mpweya wotenthetsa dziko, makamaka womwe umachokera kumafuta opangira magetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, mizinda ina ikukhazikitsa njira zosungiramo mphamvu zogona komanso ma solar omwe amalumikizana ndi gridi yanzeru, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa grid panthawi yomwe kufunikira kwamphamvu ndikupangitsa eni nyumba kusunga mphamvu kuti adzagwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake kapena kugulitsa mphamvu yadzuwa yochulukirapo kubwerera ku gridi.

Eni nyumba omwe amatenga nawo gawo pakusungirako mphamvu ndi mapulogalamu a solar amatha kusangalala ndi phindu lapawiri: amathandizira kuti pakhale mphamvu yokhazikika komanso akupanga ndalama zopanda pake. Ndalamazi zingathandize kuti chuma chawo chikhale chokhazikika, makamaka panthawi yamavuto azachuma. Kwa mabizinesi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma gridi anzeru kumatanthawuza kuchulukirachulukira komanso kutsika mtengo wamagetsi, zomwe zitha kuwongolera mfundo zawo. Maboma amapindulanso, chifukwa matekinolojewa amalimbikitsa mizinda yokhazikika, kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa, ndikulimbikitsa ufulu wodziimira pamagetsi.

Zotsatira zamizinda yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe a smart city IoT

Zotsatira zochulukira zamaulamuliro am'mizinda omwe amathandizira ukadaulo wa IoT zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusintha kwa moyo wamatauni kupita ku chidziwitso chowonjezereka cha chilengedwe, motsogozedwa ndi zenizeni zenizeni za momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira komanso momwe mpweya umayendera.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi eni nyumba, zolimbikitsidwa ndi zolimbikitsa zachuma zogulitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo za dzuwa kubwerera ku gridi.
• Kupanga mwayi watsopano wamsika mu IoT ndi magawo amagetsi ongowonjezwdwa, zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwa ntchito komanso kusiyanasiyana kwachuma m'mafakitalewa.
• Maboma ang'onoang'ono akutenga machitidwe owonetsetsa komanso odalirika poyankha kuchuluka kwa kupezeka kwa deta ya m'matauni ndi nsanja za nzika.
• Kusintha kwa mapulani akumatauni kupita kunjira zambiri zoyendetsedwa ndi data, kukonza bwino zoyendera za anthu onse, kasamalidwe ka zinyalala, komanso kugawa mphamvu.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kutengapo mbali kwa anthu komanso kuchitapo kanthu kwa anthu ammudzi, momwe anthu amapezera mosavuta zidziwitso ndi ntchito, komanso mwayi wowonjezera zisankho zapafupi.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa akatswiri odziwa zachitetezo cha pa intaneti komanso akatswiri odziwa zinsinsi, pomwe ma municipalities akulimbana ndi kuteteza kuchuluka kwa data yopangidwa ndi matekinoloje anzeru akumizinda.
• Kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwa matauni, chifukwa kayendedwe kabwino ka anthu komanso magetsi amapangitsa kuti kukhala mkati mwamizinda kukhala kokongola komanso kokhazikika.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mungalole boma lamzindawu kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza data yanu yamayendedwe ngati data yapaulendoyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowongolerera magalimoto?
• Kodi mukukhulupirira kuti mitundu yanzeru ya IoT yamatawuni imatha kukwezedwa mpaka pomwe mizinda ndi matauni ambiri amatha kuzindikira zabwino zake zosiyanasiyana? 
• Ndi zoopsa ziti zachinsinsi zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi matekinoloje a IoT a mzinda?