In vitro gametogenesis: Kupanga ma gametes kuchokera ku cell cell

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In vitro gametogenesis: Kupanga ma gametes kuchokera ku cell cell

In vitro gametogenesis: Kupanga ma gametes kuchokera ku cell cell

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Lingaliro lomwe lilipo la ubereki wobadwa nalo litha kusintha mpaka kalekale.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • March 14, 2023

    Kusintha maselo osabereka kukhala oberekera kungathandize anthu omwe akulimbana ndi kusabereka. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumeneku kungapereke njira yatsopano kumitundu yachikhalidwe yoberekera ndikukulitsa tanthauzo la ubwana. Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo kwasayansi kumeneku kungadzutse mafunso okhudza zotsatira zake komanso zomwe zimakhudza anthu.

    Mu vitro gametogenesis nkhani

    In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) ndi njira yomwe maselo oyambira amakonzedwanso kuti apange ma gametes obereketsa, kupanga mazira ndi umuna kudzera m'maselo a somatic (osabereka). Ochita kafukufuku adasintha bwino ma cell a mbewa ndikubala ana mu 2014. Kupeza kumeneku kwatsegula zitseko za kulera kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, pomwe onse awiri amakhala okhudzana ndi ana. 

    Pankhani ya zibwenzi ziwiri za thupi lachikazi, maselo a tsinde otengedwa kuchokera kwa mkazi mmodzi amasinthidwa kukhala umuna ndi kuphatikizidwa ndi dzira lochokera mwachibadwa kuchokera kwa mnzake. Kenako mluza wotulukapo ukanatha kuikidwa m’chiberekero cha m’modzi. Mchitidwe wofananawo uyenera kuchitidwa kwa amuna, koma pangafunike munthu wina kuti anyamule mluzawo mpaka chiberekero chochita kupanga chichitike. Ngati zitatheka, njirayi ingalole kuti anthu osakwatira, osabereka, omwe asiya kusamba nawonso atenge pakati, mpaka kupangitsa kulera kochulukira.        

    Ngakhale ofufuza akukhulupirira kuti mchitidwewu ungagwire ntchito bwino mwa anthu, zovuta zina zachilengedwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Mwa anthu, mazira amamera mkati mwa tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timathandizira kukula kwake, ndipo izi zimakhala zovuta kubwereza. Komanso, ngati mluza wapangidwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, kakulidwe kake n’kukhala khanda ndiponso khalidwe la munthu liyenera kuyang’aniridwa pa moyo wake wonse. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito IVG pakupanga umuna wopambana kungakhale kutali kuposa momwe kumawonekera. Komabe, ngakhale njirayo ndi yosagwirizana, akatswiri amakhalidwe abwino samawona vuto lililonse pakuchitapo kanthu.

    Zosokoneza 

    Anthu okwatirana amene mwina anavutika ndi kubereka chifukwa cha kulephera kwachibadwa kwachibadwa, monga ngati kusiya kusamba, tsopano akhoza kubereka ana pambuyo pake m’moyo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wa IVG, kubereka kwachilengedwe sikungokhala kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, popeza anthu omwe amadziwika kuti ndi gawo la LGBTQ + atha kukhala ndi njira zambiri zobereka. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo waubereki kungakhudze kwambiri momwe mabanja amapangidwira.

    Ngakhale ukadaulo wa IVG ukhoza kuwonetsa njira yatsopano, nkhawa zamakhalidwe zitha kudzutsidwa pazotsatira zake. Chodetsa nkhawa chimodzi chotere ndi kuthekera kwachitukuko chamunthu. Ndi IVG, kuchuluka kwa ma gametes ndi miluza kumatha kupangidwa, kulola kusankha kwa mikhalidwe kapena mikhalidwe. Izi zitha kubweretsa tsogolo lomwe anthu opangidwa ndi chibadwa amakhala ambiri (komanso amakonda).

    Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga ukadaulo wa IVG kungayambitsenso mafunso okhudza kuwonongedwa kwa miluza. Kuthekera kwa machitidwe osaloledwa, monga kulima miluza, kungabwere. Kukula kumeneku kungapangitse kuti pakhale nkhawa za chikhalidwe cha miluza komanso kuthandizidwa ngati zinthu "zotaya". Chifukwa chake, pakufunika malangizo okhwima ndi mfundo zowonetsetsa kuti ukadaulo wa IVG uli m'malire amakhalidwe abwino.

    Zotsatira za in vitro gametogenesis

    Zotsatira zazikulu za IVG zingaphatikizepo:

    • Zovuta zambiri pazapakati pomwe amayi amasankha kutenga pakati pazaka zakutsogolo.
    • Mabanja ambiri okhala ndi makolo amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
    • Kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mazira opereka ndi umuna ngati munthu payekha amatha kupanga ma gametes awo mu labu.
    • Ochita kafukufuku amatha kusintha ndi kusokoneza majini m'njira zomwe poyamba zinali zosatheka, zomwe zimapangitsa kupita patsogolo kwambiri pa chithandizo cha matenda obadwa nawo komanso matenda ena.
    • Kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, monga momwe anthu angakhalire ndi ana pazaka zakutsogolo, ndipo chiwerengero cha ana obadwa ndi matenda obadwa nawo chikuchepa.
    • Makhalidwe abwino okhudzana ndi zinthu monga makanda opanga makanda, ma eugenics, ndi kusintha kwa moyo.
    • Kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa ukadaulo wa IVG kumabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pachuma, makamaka m'magawo azachipatala ndi sayansi yasayansi.
    • Malamulo omwe akulimbana ndi nkhani monga umwini wa zinthu zobadwa nazo, ufulu wa makolo, ndi ufulu wa ana aliwonse omwe angakhalepo.
    • Kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha ntchito ndi ntchito, makamaka kwa amayi, omwe amatha kukhala osinthasintha potengera kubereka ana.
    • Kusintha kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi momwe amaonera ubereki, banja, ndi kubereka. 

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Kodi mukuganiza kuti kulera nokha mwana kungakhale kotchuka chifukwa cha IVG? 
    • Kodi mabanja angasinthire bwanji chifukwa chaukadaulowu?

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