Maulendo apagulu aulere: Kodi palidi ufulu pamakwerero aulere?

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 15, 2021

Mizinda padziko lonse lapansi ikulandira mayendedwe apagulu aulere, kusuntha komwe sikungowonjezera kuyenda kwa anthu komanso chuma cham'deralo komanso kumathandizira kuti chilengedwe chisasunthike. Komabe, kusinthaku kumabwera ndi zovuta, kuphatikizapo kufunikira kwamakono kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu komanso mavuto omwe angakhalepo pazachuma. Ngakhale pali zopinga izi, zomwe zimatengera nthawi yayitali, monga kuchuluka kwa anthu, kukula kwachuma, ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, zimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke.

Maulendo apagulu aulere

Dziko la Estonia linachita bwino kwambiri m’chaka cha 2013 pa nkhani ya kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka anthu. Unakhala mzinda woyamba ku European Union (EU) kupereka kwaulere kwa anthu okhala mumzindawu m’mabasi, mathiramu ndi ma trolley. Ndondomekoyi, malinga ndi akuluakulu a mzindawo, yakhudza kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka anthu, makamaka kwa okalamba. Zalimbikitsanso chuma cham'deralo polimbikitsa anthu kuti azipita madzulo ndi Loweruka ndi Lamlungu, zomwe zapangitsa kuti pachaka chiwonjezeke pafupifupi $22.7 miliyoni.

Mu 2019, Kansas City m'boma la US ku Missouri adatsata mapazi a Estonia, zomwe zidakhala chitsanzo choyamba cha mzinda waukulu waku US kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera zaulere. Cholinga chachikulu cha kusamukaku chinali kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa anthu okhalamo, makamaka omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa. Pochotsa chopinga cha zachuma pamayendedwe a anthu, anthuwa adapeza mwayi wopeza ntchito ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale bata ndi zachuma.

Kumbali ina yapadziko lonse lapansi, mzinda wa Hwaseong ku South Korea watenga lingaliro lamayendedwe apagulu aulere ndikuwonjezera kusintha kwachilengedwe. Mu 2021, adalengeza mapulani opereka kukwera kwaulere kwa achinyamata ndi okalamba. Kuwonjezera apo, amayesetsa kusintha mabasi awo onse ku zitsanzo zomwe zili ndi carbon-neutral ndi autonomous ndi 2030. Kusunthaku kumaganiziranso nkhani yowonjezereka ya kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe komanso kuthekera kwaukadaulo wodziyimira pawokha.

Zosokoneza

Pothandizira kuyenda momasuka kwa okhalamo, mizinda imatha kulimbikitsa magawo akumaloko, monga zosangalatsa, zaumoyo, ndi bizinesi. Mwachitsanzo, anthu atha kukhala okonda kuyang'ana zokopa zam'deralo kapena kuyang'anira mabizinesi omwe sakanawaiwala chifukwa cha ndalama zoyendera. Kukula uku kungapangitse kuti chuma cha m'deralo chikhale chokhazikika komanso kuti anthu azikhala ndi anthu ambiri.

Komabe, kusintha kwa zoyendera za anthu zaulere sikumakhala ndi zovuta zake. Choyamba, zoyendera zapagulu zingafunikire kusinthidwa ndikusintha kwambiri kuti zilimbikitse anthu kusiya magalimoto awo. Njirayi ingaphatikizepo kuphatikizidwa kwa matekinoloje apamwamba, monga kutsata nthawi yeniyeni ndi kukhathamiritsa njira, kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu ndi kudalirika kwa machitidwewa. Kuphatikiza apo, mizinda ingafunikire kuyikapo ndalama pakukweza zida, monga kukulitsa njira kapena kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito, kuti athe kutengera kuchuluka kwa okwera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zaulere zamaulendo apagulu m'mizinda yayikulu, monga New York, kumabweretsa zovuta zina. M’mizinda imeneyi, kuzemba mitengo ndi nkhani yaikulu, pomwe apolisi amayang’anira mayendedwe a anthu kuti alepheretse komanso kugwira anthu ozemba. Kusamukira ku mtundu waulere kungathe kuchepetsa nkhaniyi, koma kungafunikenso kuunikanso ntchito zachitetezo ndi maudindo m'mayendedwe apagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwake komanso zovuta zamayendedwe apagulu m'mizinda ikuluikulu zimafunikira kukonzekera mosamalitsa komanso zida zofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kusintha kosinthika kukhala njira yaulere.

Zotsatira zamayendedwe apagulu aulere

Zotsatira zakuchulukira kwamayendedwe apagulu aulere zingaphatikizepo:

• Mabasi odzaza ndi masitima apamtunda, zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti mugule magalimoto owonjezera amtundu wa anthu ndikumanganso zida za anthu.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa mabasi amagetsi ndi masitima apamtunda omwe alibe mpweya komanso odziyimira pawokha.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa misonkho ya mizinda kuchokera ku kukwera konenedweratu kupita ku zochitika zachuma m'deralo - ndalama zamisonkho zomwe zingapereke ndalama zothandizira ndi kusamalira ntchito zaulere zamayendedwe a anthu.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kuphatikizidwa kwa anthu, popeza mayendedwe apagulu aulere amalola anthu onse okhalamo, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kupeza ntchito zofunika ndi mwayi, kulimbikitsa anthu achilungamo.
• Kuwonjezeka kwachuma m'derali, popeza okhalamo, opanda mtengo wamayendedwe, ali ndi ndalama zambiri zomwe angawononge pogula katundu ndi ntchito zakomweko.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwaukadaulo pamayendedwe apagulu, pomwe kufunikira kwa ntchito zabwino komanso zodalirika kukukula, zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitukuko chaukadaulo monga magalimoto odziyimira pawokha.
• Vuto lomwe lingakhalepo pazachuma zaboma, chifukwa maboma akuyenera kupeza njira zina zopezera ndalama kuti akonzere ndikuwongolera zoyendera za anthu onse pakalibe ndalama zolipirira.
• Kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka msika wa anthu ogwira ntchito, chifukwa kufunikira kwa ogwira ntchito zoyendera anthu kumatha kuchulukira kuti azitha kuyendetsa ntchito zomwe zakulitsidwa, pomwe ntchito zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto achinsinsi, monga oimika magalimoto kapena ogwira ntchito pamagalimoto, zitha kuchepa.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchulukana kwamatawuni komanso kuwonongeka kwazinthu zoyendera zapagulu, pomwe anthu ambiri amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zaulere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zofunika kukonza.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti mayendedwe apagulu aulere atha kupangitsa kuti ntchito zachuma zichuluke mumzinda wakwanu?
• Kodi mungakonde kulipira zoyendera m'malo mokulitsidwa misonkho?