Zopangira zokhazikika zamagalimoto: Zikupita zobiriwira kupitilira kuyika magetsi

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• August 9, 2023

Kuzindikira kwakukulu

Pofika chaka cha 2040, zida zopangira zizipanga 60% yamafuta agalimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kosasunthika ngati zikopa za 'vegan'. BMW ndi Audi amagwiritsa ntchito zida zobwezerezedwanso m'mitundu yawo, pomwe Volvo imayang'ana kwambiri zosintha zachikopa zokhazikika. Zoyambira monga Karuun ndi Bcomp zimapereka zida zatsopano, kuphatikiza ma rattan ndi ma fiber achilengedwe, motsatana. Kusintha kumeneku kumabweretsa kukhazikika kwa ntchito, malamulo okhwima, kusintha kokonda kwa ogula, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kuchepa kwachilengedwe, maunyolo opezeka m'malo, komanso kukweza mbiri yamabizinesi.

Zopangira zokhazikika zamagalimoto

Kampani yopanga upangiri ya McKinsey ikupanga projekiti kuti pofika 2040, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zizikhala 60 peresenti ya mpweya wotuluka m'makampani amagalimoto. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa zoyeserera za decarbonization mderali. Opanga ambiri amaika patsogolo m'malo mwa zikopa ndi njira zina za 'vegan'. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito zikopa zabodza kapena zopanga zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zambiri, opanga ma automaker amafuna kukweza mchitidwewu poyambitsa njira zokomera zachilengedwe. Chikopa cha vegan chitha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza bowa ndi zinyalala za chinanazi, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wopeza bwino.

Mitundu ingapo ikuphatikiza kale zinthu zokhazikika mumitundu yawo. Makapeti a BMW's electric iX SUV's and floor mats amapangidwa kuchokera ku Econyl, mtundu wa nayiloni wotengedwa ku maukonde osodza opangidwanso ndi zinyalala zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Malinga ndi a BMW, kugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki opangidwanso kumabweretsa kutsika kwa mpweya wa 80 peresenti poyerekeza ndi nayiloni yachikhalidwe yopangidwa ndi mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, iX imakhala ndi chikopa chachikopa chomwe chimapangidwa ndi masamba a azitona, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa pambuyo podula mitengo ya azitona yaku Europe.

Pakadali pano, Audi ya m'badwo wachinayi wa A3 sedan imakhala ndi zovundikira mipando zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso, kuphatikiza mabotolo 45 akulu a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) lililonse. PET ndi chinthu chopangidwa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabotolo onse apulasitiki ndi nsalu zokhalitsa. Chifukwa chake, ndizoyenera kupanga zotchingira mipando zolimba. Zida zina zomwe zimaganiziridwa ndi opanga makina ndi nsungwi, silika wa biofabricated, ndi aluminiyamu.

Zosokoneza

Opanga ma Automaker atha kuyika ndalama muzinthu zokhazikika pomwe kufunikira kwa magalimoto okonda zachilengedwe kukuchulukirachulukira. Opanga magalimoto aku Sweden a Volvo adzipereka kuti apangitse magalimoto ake amagetsi kukhala osavuta pofika chaka cha 2030, ndipo opanga ena apamwamba nawonso ali ndi chidwi chofufuza zosintha zachikopa zokhazikika. BMW ikugwirizana ndi Desserto, kampani yomwe imapanga biomaterial yochokera ku cactus yomwe imatha kusintha zikopa pamipando ndi mapanelo. 

Oyambitsa atha kukulitsa msika wokhazikika kuti apange zida zina zomwe zingasangalatse opanga ma automaker. Mwachitsanzo, kampani yaku Germany ya Karuun imagwiritsa ntchito rattan, chinthu chosakhala chamatabwa chochokera ku Indonesia, komwe zopangirazo zimakololedwa pamanja ndikukonzedwa pamalopo. Njirayi yakopa Jaguar Land Rover ndi wopanga magalimoto amagetsi aku China Nio.

Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi bio zimapereka phindu lowonjezera pakuchepetsa kulemera, motero kumawonjezera kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi mpweya. Kampani yopanga zinthu zobiriwira Bcomp imapanga zinthu zamagalimoto zomwe zimaphatikizira zolimbitsa thupi zamtundu wachilengedwe kuti ziwonjezeke mopepuka, lingaliro lomwe limayang'ana kwambiri pakuchepetsa kulemera kwagalimoto kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito komanso kuchita bwino. Kampaniyo yakopa ndalama za BMW, Porsche, ndi Volvo. Zogulitsa za Bcomp zimatha kuchepetsa kulemera mpaka 50 peresenti ndikugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki ndi 70 peresenti m'magulu amkati. Zigawozi zimachokera ku ulusi wa fulakesi wochokera ku zomera za ku Ulaya, zomwe zimatha kukhala m'malo mwa zinthu zotulutsa mpweya wambiri monga pulasitiki, carbon, ndi galasi.

Zotsatira za zinthu zokhazikika zamagalimoto

Zowonjezereka zazinthu zokhazikika zamagalimoto zitha kukhala: 

• Kupanga ntchito popanga, kupanga, ndi kubwezeretsanso zinthu zokhazikika.
• Maboma akukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima komanso zolimbikitsa zolimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhazikika m'makampani amagalimoto. Izi zingapangitse kuti pakhale ndondomeko zowonjezera zachilengedwe komanso kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa mayiko pa zolinga zokhazikika.
• Kusintha kwa zomwe ogula amakonda, pomwe anthu ambiri amasankha magalimoto omwe amaika patsogolo udindo wa chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu achichepere komanso okonda zachilengedwe aziyendetsa msika wamagalimoto.
• Kupanga zatsopano komanso kupanga matekinoloje atsopano opangira, kukonza, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazikika popanga magalimoto. Izi zitha kubweretsa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zinthu, biotechnology, ndi magawo ena okhudzana.
• Kutengera kochulukira kwa zinthu zokhazikika zomwe zimachepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe chamakampani amagalimoto. Mchitidwe umenewu ukhoza kuchititsa kuchepa kwa mpweya, kuwononga zinyalala, ndiponso kuchepa kwa zinthu.
• Kuchulukirachulukira koperekera zinthu mdera lanu kuti muchepetse mpweya wotuluka m'mayendedwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu zogulitsira komanso kuchepetsa kudalira zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi dziko.
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zinthu zokhazikika kumapangitsa kuti mbiri ya kampani ikhale ndi udindo pagulu, zomwe zimabweretsa kukhulupirika kwamtundu komanso kudalirika kwa ogula. 
• Opanga magalimoto omwe adatengera njira zokhazikika potha kutsatira malamulo atsopano ndikupewa zilango kapena zilango, kuwapatsa mwayi wampikisano.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ndi zinthu ziti ndi zida zomwe mumayang'ana mgalimoto?
• Kodi maboma angalimbikitse bwanji opanga magalimoto kuti asamukire kuzinthu zokhazikika?