Kuwukira maziko a IT apansi pamadzi: Pansi panyanja pakukhala bwalo lankhondo la cybersecurity

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• August 3, 2023

Kuzindikira kwakukulu

Zingwe zoyankhulirana zapansi pamadzi, zofunika kwambiri pa intaneti padziko lonse lapansi komanso kugawana magetsi, zikuchulukirachulukira pachiwopsezo cha kumenyedwa ndi ntchito zaukazitape. Mayiko ena amapezerapo mwayi pazida zoterezi poyang'anira zandale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kusokoneza zidziwitso komanso kusokonezeka kwa ntchito zomwe zingachitike. Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za kuukira kwa IT zapansi pamadzi zingaphatikizepo kutayika kwa chikhulupiliro cha anthu pa chitetezo cha digito, kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zachitetezo cha pa intaneti ndi zofuna, kukwera kwa mikangano ya geopolitical, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, ndi malamulo okhwima aboma.

Kuwukira pansi pamadzi IT Infrastructure context

Zingwe zapansi pa nyanja zimapereka njira yoti mayiko azigawana magetsi komanso kuti anthu azitha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. TeleGeography, kampani yosanthula deta, ikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya anthu onse padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi gawo laulendo wake pansi pamadzi. Netiweki iyi imayendetsedwa ndi njira zambiri zosalowa madzi. Pali zingwe zoyankhulirana zapansi pamadzi pafupifupi 530 padziko lonse lapansi, koma ngakhale ndizofunika, nawonso amatha kumenyedwa. 

Utsogoleri Waukulu waku Russia wa Deep-Sea Research, kapena GUGI, umagwiritsa ntchito njira zamaukadaulo azidziwitso zapansi pamadzi ngati ukazitape. Unduna wa Zachilungamo ku US wachenjeza za kukhazikitsa Pacific Light Cable Network, mgwirizano pakati pamakampani aku America ndi China omwe adapangidwa kuti alumikizane ndi America ku Hong Kong, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kukhala ngati malo aukazitape. Zodetsa nkhawa pamakina amagetsi apansi pa nyanja zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zidayamba pambuyo poti mapaipi a gasi a Nord Stream 1 ndi 2 ochokera ku Russia kupita ku Europe pansi pa Nyanja ya Baltic atawonongeka ndi kuphulika (2023).

Christian Bueger, Pulofesa wa Ubale Wapadziko Lonse ku Yunivesite ya Copenhagen, adalembanso kafukufuku wokhudza kuwonongeka kwa chingwe chapansi pa nyanja ku Europe chisanachitike Nord Stream. Ananenanso kuti European Union ndi North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) tsopano akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti apititse patsogolo kuyang'anira ndi kumvetsetsa zochitika zapanyanja, kuphatikizapo zomwe zili pansi pa nyanja. Anagogomezeranso kufunika kogwirizana pakati pa ogwira nawo ntchito m'makampani, opanga ndondomeko zachitetezo, ndi asilikali, ngakhale kuti kugwirizanitsa magulu osiyanasiyanawa pazochitika zabwino ndizovuta.

Zosokoneza

Mayiko ambiri m'chigawo cha Indo-Pacific ali ndi sitima zapamadzi zomwe zimatha kusokoneza mwanzeru zingwe. Makampani oyika zingwezi amatha kukhazikitsa zitseko zobisika kapena zida zowonera. Pophwanya machitidwe oyang'anira ma netiweki, owukira amatha kuwongolera machitidwe osiyanasiyana owongolera ma chingwe. Zigawenga ndi mabungwe a zigawenga atha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wokhala pachiwopsezo cha chingwe kuti asokoneze ntchito zofunika, kuwononga nkhokwe, kapena kuyambitsa chipwirikiti.

Chiwopsezo chokulirapo ndi kusokonezeka kwa zingwe pamphambano za data kapena potera. Mwachitsanzo, Sydney ndi Perth ndi malo oyamba ku Australia amatera chingwe. Masambawa amatha kuzimitsidwa ndi magetsi kapena zida zophulika ndipo amakhala pachiwopsezo cha kuphulitsidwa ndi mizinga. Malo otsetsereka amatha kulandidwa ndi kubwereza deta, nthawi zonse pomwe otumiza ndi kulandira sakudziwa.

Zida za IT zapansi pamadzi zitha kukhala zida zofunika kwambiri pazandale. Chikalata chomwe chinawukhira chamgwirizano wapanyanja pakati pa China ndi Solomon Islands kuyambira 2022 chikuwonetsa cholinga cha China cholimbikitsa anthu apanyanja okhala ndi tsogolo logawana popanga madoko, mabwalo a zombo zapamadzi, ndi zingwe zapansi pamadzi ku Solomon Islands. Kusunthaku kumapereka chitsanzo cha momwe mayiko ena angakhazikitsire mgwirizano kuti aziwongolera zingwe zofunika zapanyanja.

Momwemonso, mayiko azigwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri poteteza zingwe zawo zapansi pamadzi, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito ma drones odziyimira pawokha komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi apanyanja. Dongosolo la dziko la Australia poteteza zingwe zapansi pamadzi zimawonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha madera, kupereka magawo achitetezo mozungulira njira za chingwe ndikupangitsa kusokoneza zingwezi kukhala mlandu. 

Zotsatira zakuwononga zida za IT zapansi pamadzi

Zowonjezereka pakuwukira maziko a IT pansi pamadzi zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuukira kobwerezabwereza kumapangitsa kuti anthu asamakhulupirire mabungwe onse omwe akhudzidwa komanso chitetezo cha dziko la digito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azitsutsana kwambiri ndi machitidwe a digito komanso kukakamizidwa kuti azitsatira malamulo amphamvu achitetezo pa intaneti.
• Malipiro apamwamba a inshuwaransi pachiwopsezo cha cyber, kuchuluka kwa ndalama pazachitetezo cha cybersecurity, komanso bizinesi yomwe ingathe kutayika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa ntchito kapena kutaya kwa kasitomala.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mikangano pakati pa mayiko, kudzetsa mayankho kuyambira pa zionetsero zaukazembe mpaka kubwezerana ma cyberattack kapenanso kulowererapo kwankhondo.
• Madera ena akukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kusokonezedwa kwa ntchito komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa zida za IT. 
• Kupititsa patsogolo kasamalidwe ka cybersecurity ndi zomangamanga, kuphatikiza kupanga zida zama chingwe zosagwirizana ndi kusokoneza kapena kuphulika.
• Kufunika kwakukulu kwa akatswiri odziwa zachitetezo cha cybersecurity, makamaka omwe ali ndi luso loteteza ndi kukonza zida za IT zapansi pamadzi. 
• Maboma omwe akukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha pa intaneti, ndikuyika maudindo atsopano kwa mabizinesi kuti ateteze zida zawo za IT. Ngakhale izi zitha kukonza kuchuluka kwachitetezo cha cybersecurity, zitha kuyambitsanso zovuta zamabizinesi ndikuwonjezera zovuta zogwirira ntchito pa digito.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi dziko lanu likuteteza bwanji zingwe zapansi pamadzi?
• Kodi makampani angagwirire bwanji ntchito limodzi kuti awonetsetse kuti zida zawo za IT ndizokhazikika komanso zotetezeka?