Kuzindikira kupsa mtima: Kuopsa kwa ntchito kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 6, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Tanthauzo la World Health Organisation (WHO) loti kutopa ndi kusamalidwa bwino kwa kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali pantchito, osati kungokhala ndi nkhawa, kumathandizira kumvetsetsa komanso njira yaumoyo wamaganizo pantchito. Kusintha uku kukulimbikitsa mabungwe ndi mabungwe a maphunziro kuti athetseretu zopsinjika ndi zolimbikitsa zomwe zimayika patsogolo kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Maboma atha kuzindikiranso kufunikira kolimbikitsa kukhazikika kwamalingaliro m'madera, kuwongolera mfundo zoyezetsa matenda amisala nthawi zonse, ndikulimbikitsa mapulani a m'matauni omwe amaganizira za thanzi la anthu okhalamo.

Chidziwitso cha kupsa mtima

Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) lasintha tanthauzo lake lachipatala la kutopa. Chaka cha 2019 chisanafike, kutopa kunkawoneka ngati vuto la kupsinjika, pomwe zosintha za WHO zimanena kuti ndi kusamalidwa bwino kwa kupsinjika kwakanthawi kuntchito. 

Malinga ndi American Institute of Stress, mu 2021, pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito amatha kuthana ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi ntchito. Bungwe la National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health linatsindika za chiŵerengerochi poulula kuti anthu ambiri amagwirizanitsa nkhani za thanzi lawo ndi kupsinjika kwa ntchito m’malo mwa mavuto a zachuma kapena a m’banja. Tanthauzo lasinthidwa la kuthedwa nzeru ndi WHO mu 2019, mu 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), ndilofunika chifukwa limatchula udindo wa kupsinjika kwa kuntchito monga chomwe chimayambitsa. 

Bungwe la WHO limafotokoza njira zitatu zazikuluzikulu zodziwira matenda okhudzana ndi kutopa: kutopa kwambiri, kuchepa kwa zokolola zapantchito, komanso kusakhutira ndi ntchito yake. Matanthauzo omveka bwino angathandize akatswiri amisala kuti azindikire kupsya mtima kwachipatala ndikuchotsa manyazi okhudzana ndi matendawo. Zingathandizenso akatswiri amisala ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa monga kuopa kulephera kapena kuwonedwa ngati ofooka. Kuphatikiza apo, kutopa kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zamaganizidwe monga kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito komanso maubwenzi apamtima komanso pagulu. Chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo, kusokonezeka maganizo kumaphatikizapo kuthetsa mavuto omwe amafala monga nkhawa, kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi zina zotero. 

Zosokoneza

WHO yakhala ikutenga nawo gawo pakusonkhanitsa zambiri kuyambira 2020 kuti ipange malangizo atsatanetsatane othana ndi kutopa kwachipatala, gawo lomwe likuyembekezeka kuthandiza akatswiri azachipatala kupanga mapulani ochizira omwe amapangidwira wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha kuti athe kuwongolera bwino zizindikiro. Kukulaku kukuyembekezeka kulimbikitsa kumvetsetsa mozama za kuchuluka kwa matendawa komanso momwe amakhudzira matendawa pomwe milandu yambiri ikuwonekera. Kwa anthu omwe akulimbana ndi kutopa, izi zikutanthawuza kupeza njira zowonjezera zothandizira zaumoyo zomwe zingathandize, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi maganizo abwino pakapita nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, imatsegulira njira kwa anthu omwe thanzi lamaganizo limafunikira kwambiri, kulimbikitsa anthu kupeza chithandizo popanda kusalidwa.

M'mabungwe amakampani, magawo omwe akufotokozedwanso pakutopa akuwoneka ngati chida chomwe Human Resources ingagwiritse ntchito kukonzanso ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito, kuwonetsetsa kuti anthu akulandira chisamaliro chofunikira, chithandizo, ndi zopindulitsa, kuphatikiza nthawi yoyenera ngati atapezeka kuti akutopa. Kuphatikiza apo, mabungwe ophunzirira, kuphatikiza masukulu ndi makoleji, akuyembekezeka kuwunikanso ndikusintha zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa kupsinjika, kukulitsa njira zachipatala zomwe ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi amapeza. Njira yolimbikirayi ingapangitse malo ophunzirira omwe amakhala abwino kwambiri m'maganizo.

Maboma amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri potsogolera anthu kuti adzakhale ndi tsogolo lokhala ndi mphamvu zothana ndi kutopa. Ndondomeko yatsopano yoyendetsera ntchito yotopa ndiyomwe ingapangitse kuti makampani azitengera modzifunira njira zoletsa ogwira ntchito kuti asatope kwambiri, ndikulimbikitsa chikhalidwe chantchito chaumoyo. Mchitidwewu ukhozanso kutsika mpaka kumakonzedwe a maphunziro, kuwalimbikitsa kuti apereke njira zowonjezera zachipatala ndikupanga malo omwe sakhala ovuta kwambiri, kulimbikitsa mbadwo womwe umakhala wopindulitsa komanso woganiza bwino. 

Zotsatira za matenda otopa

Zotsatira zazikulu za kutopa kuzindikirika ngati chiwopsezo chachikulu paumoyo wa anthu zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa malo ogwirira ntchito omwe akusintha ndondomeko zawo zamaola kuti awonetsetse kuti ogwira ntchito amatha kumaliza ntchito zawo pasanathe nthawi yamaofesi.
• Kunyozedwa kwa mawu oti "kutopa kwambiri" pomwe malo ogwira ntchito amakhala abwino kwa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi vutoli.
• Kusintha kwa ma module ophunzitsira ogwira ntchito zaumoyo, akatswiri azamisala, ndi alangizi kuti awapatse maluso ofunikira kuti athe kuthandiza odwala bwino, zomwe zitha kubweretsa dongosolo lazaumoyo lomwe limatha kuthana ndi zovuta zingapo zamaganizidwe.
• Kusintha kwamitundu yamabizinesi kuti aphatikizire thanzi lamalingaliro ngati gawo lofunikira, pomwe makampani amaika ndalama zambiri pothandizira zaumoyo wa ogwira ntchito.
• Maboma akuyambitsa ndondomeko zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuyezetsa thanzi lamaganizo nthawi zonse, zofanana ndi zoyezetsa thanzi lathupi, kulimbikitsa anthu omwe amawona thanzi la maganizo ndi thupi kuti ndi lofunika mofanana.
• Kutha kuchulukirachulukira kwa oyambitsa ndi mapulogalamu omwe amayang'ana kwambiri thanzi lamalingaliro, opereka chithandizo monga upangiri waupangiri ndi maphunziro owongolera kupsinjika.
• Masukulu ndi makoleji akubwerezanso maphunziro awo kuti aphatikize maphunziro omwe amayang'ana kwambiri thanzi lamalingaliro, kukulitsa m'badwo womwe umakhala wozindikira komanso wokonzeka kuthana ndi zovuta zamaganizidwe.
• Kusintha komwe kungachitike pakukonza m'matauni kuti mukhale ndi malo obiriwira ambiri ndi malo osangalalira, popeza maboma ndi madera amazindikira gawo la chilengedwe paumoyo wamaganizidwe.
• Kusintha komwe kungachitike mu inshuwaransi kuti athandizire chithandizo chamankhwala m'maganizo mozama, kulimbikitsa anthu kupeza chithandizo popanda kuda nkhawa ndi mavuto azachuma.

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