Carbon yogwira zida zamafakitale: Kumanga tsogolo la mafakitale okhazikika

ZITHUNZI CREDIT:
Chithunzi cha ngongole
iStock

Carbon yogwira zida zamafakitale: Kumanga tsogolo la mafakitale okhazikika

Carbon yogwira zida zamafakitale: Kumanga tsogolo la mafakitale okhazikika

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Makampani akuyang'ana kukulitsa ukadaulo wojambula kaboni womwe ungathandize kuchepetsa utsi komanso ndalama zomanga.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • August 19, 2022

    Chidule cha chidziwitso

    Zida zatsopano zomwe zimatchera mpweya woipa zikusintha momwe timamangira, zomwe zimapereka tsogolo labwino. Zida zatsopanozi, kuyambira matabwa a nsungwi mpaka zitsulo-organic frameworks, zingachepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga. Kutengera kwawo kufalikira kungayambitse madera athanzi, kukula kwachuma muukadaulo wokhazikika, komanso kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakuyesa kuchepetsa mpweya padziko lonse lapansi.

    CO2 imagwira zinthu zamafakitale

    Zida zamafakitale zokomera kaboni zikuchulukirachulukira kumakampani omwe akufuna mayankho okhazikika. Makampaniwa akuphatikiza ukadaulo wokhoza kugwira mpweya woipa m'njira zopangira zachikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, njira ya ku Australia ya Mineral Carbonation International ikukhudza kusandutsa mpweya woipa kukhala zomangira ndi zinthu zina zamakampani.

    Kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito mineral carbonation, kutengera njira zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi posungira mpweya woipa. Izi zimaphatikizapo zomwe carbonic acid imachita ndi mchere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti carbonate ipangidwe. Carbonate ndi gulu lomwe limakhala lokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo limagwira ntchito pomanga. Chitsanzo cha mayamwidwe a kaboni wachilengedwe ndi White Cliffs of Dover, yomwe imakhala yoyera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide yomwe yamwetsa kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri.

    Ukadaulo wopangidwa ndi Mineral Carbonation International ndi wofanana ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. M'dongosolo lino, zopangidwa ndi mafakitale, monga slags zachitsulo kapena zinyalala zochokera ku incinerators, zimasinthidwa kukhala njerwa za simenti ndi plasterboard. Kampaniyo ikufuna kugwira ndikubwezeretsanso matani 1 biliyoni a carbon dioxide pachaka pofika chaka cha 2040.

    Zosokoneza

    Ku yunivesite ya Alberta's Faculty of Engineering, ofufuza akufufuza zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa Calgary framework-20 (CALF-20), zopangidwa ndi gulu lochokera ku yunivesite ya Calgary. Nkhaniyi imagwera pansi pamagulu azitsulo-organic frameworks, omwe amadziwika ndi chikhalidwe chawo cha microporous. Kutha kwake kugwira bwino mpweya woipa kumapangitsa CALF-20 kukhala chida chodalirika pakuwongolera zachilengedwe. Ikaphatikizidwa muzambiri zomangika ku smokestack, imatha kusintha mpweya woipa kukhala mawonekedwe osavulaza kwambiri. Svante, kampani yaukadaulo, pakali pano ikugwiritsa ntchito izi m'fakitale ya simenti kuti iwonetse ngati ikugwira ntchito m'mafakitale.

    Khama lopangitsa kuti zomangamanga zikhale zokomera kaboni kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zida zingapo zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, matabwa a Lamboo, opangidwa kuchokera ku nsungwi, amakhala ndi mphamvu yogwira mpweya wambiri. Mosiyana ndi izi, mapanelo opangidwa kuchokera ku udzu wampunga amachotsa kufunikira kwa kulima mpunga wothira madzi ndikutsekera mu carbon. Kuphatikiza apo, makina otchinjiriza akunja opangidwa ndi ulusi wamatabwa sakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri kuti apange poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe zopopera thovu. Momwemonso, mapanelo amatabwa owoneka bwino, omwe ndi 22 peresenti yopepuka kuposa ma boardboard wamba, amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyendera ndi 20 peresenti, ndikupereka chisankho chokhazikika cha zida zomangira.

    Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogwira kaboni pomanga kungapangitse malo okhalamo athanzi komanso kutsika mtengo wamagetsi. Makampani atha kupindula ndi zatsopanozi popititsa patsogolo mbiri yawo yokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa kutsika kwa mpweya, komwe kumayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ogula ndi osunga ndalama. Kwa maboma, kufalikira kwa zinthuzi kumagwirizana ndi zolinga zachilengedwe ndipo kungathandize kwambiri kukwaniritsa zolinga zapadziko lonse zochepetsera mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta pazachuma zikuphatikiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mafakitale atsopano ndi mwayi wantchito pankhani yazinthu zokhazikika ndi matekinoloje.

    Zotsatira za CO2 kujambula zinthu zamakampani

    Kugwiritsa ntchito mokulirapo kwa CO2/carbon kutengera zida zamafakitale kungaphatikizepo:

    • Kafukufuku wowonjezereka adayang'ana pazitsulo zochotsera mpweya ndi zinthu zina, monga faifi tambala, cobalt, lithiamu, chitsulo, simenti, ndi haidrojeni.
    • Maboma akulimbikitsa makampani kuti apange zinthu zokomera kaboni, kuphatikiza ndalama zothandizira komanso kubweza msonkho.
    • Maboma/maboma akukonza pang'onopang'ono malamulo omangira kuti alimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakampani zomwe siziteteza chilengedwe pomanga ndi zomangamanga. 
    • Makampani obwezeretsanso zida zamafakitale akukula kwambiri m'ma 2020 kuti agwirizane ndi msika wochulukirachulukira komanso kufunikira kokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo azinthu zobwezerezedwanso pantchito yomanga.
    • Kukhazikitsa kwakukulu kwa matekinoloje ogwidwa a CO2 muzomera ndi mafakitale.
    • Mgwirizano wambiri pakati pa mayunivesite ofufuza ndi makampani aukadaulo kuti apange ndalama zamaukadaulo obiriwira.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Mukuganiza kuti decarbonization ingasinthe bwanji momwe nyumba zimamangidwa mtsogolomu?
    • Nanga maboma angalimbikitse bwanji kupanga zinthu zamafakitale zokomera mpweya?

    Maumboni anzeru

    Maulalo otsatirawa otchuka ndi mabungwe adanenedwa kuti adziwe izi:

    Journal of the American Institute of Architects Zida Zomangira Zokhazikika Zopangira Mpweya Wochepa