Cloning and synthesizing viruses: Njira yachangu yopewera miliri yamtsogolo

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Cloning and synthesizing viruses: Njira yachangu yopewera miliri yamtsogolo

Cloning and synthesizing viruses: Njira yachangu yopewera miliri yamtsogolo

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Asayansi akubwereza DNA ya ma virus mu labu kuti amvetsetse momwe amafalira komanso momwe angaletsedwere.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • September 29, 2022

    Chidule cha chidziwitso

    Matenda a ma virus apangitsa kupita patsogolo kwa ma virus cloning kuti adziwike mwachangu komanso kupanga katemera. Ngakhale kafukufuku waposachedwa akuphatikiza njira zatsopano monga kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti pakubwereza kwa SARS-CoV-2, nkhawa zokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi nkhondo zamoyo zikupitilirabe. Zomwe zikuchitikazi zithanso kulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwamankhwala okhazikika, ulimi, ndi maphunziro, kupanga tsogolo ndi magawo okonzekera bwino azachipatala ndi biotechnology.

    Cloning ndi synthesizing mavairasi nkhani

    Matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus nthawi zonse akhala akuwopseza anthu. Matenda oyambitsa matendawa abweretsa mavuto ambiri m'mbiri yonse, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pazotsatira zankhondo ndi zochitika zina zapadziko lapansi. Nkhani za miliri ya ma virus, monga nthomba, chikuku, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), SARS-CoV (severe acute breathing syndrome coronavirus), kachilombo ka fuluwenza ya 1918, ndi ena, amalemba zowononga za matendawa. Kuphulika kwa ma virus kumeneku kwapangitsa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi kupanga ndi kupanga ma virus kuti awazindikire mwachangu ndikupanga katemera wogwira ntchito komanso antidote. 

    Mliri wa COVID-19 utabuka mu 2020, ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi adagwiritsa ntchito njira yophunzirira momwe kachilomboka kamakhalira. Asayansi amatha kusoka zidutswa za DNA kuti zifanane ndi majeremusi a virus ndikuwapangitsa kukhala mabakiteriya. Komabe, njira iyi si yabwino kwa ma virus onse, makamaka ma coronavirus. Chifukwa ma coronavirus ali ndi ma genome akulu, izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mabakiteriya azitha kubwereza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, mbali za genome zimatha kukhala zosakhazikika kapena zowopsa kwa mabakiteriya-ngakhale chifukwa chake sichinamveke bwino. 

    Mosiyana ndi izi, ma virus opanga ma cloning ndi kupanga ma virus akupititsa patsogolo zoyeserera za biological Warfare (BW). Nkhondo yachilengedwe imatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena ziphe zomwe zimafuna kupha, kulepheretsa, kapena kuwopseza adani komanso kuwononga maiko pang'onopang'ono. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti timawatcha kuti ndi zida zowononga anthu ambiri chifukwa ngakhale tochepa tingawononge anthu ambiri. 

    Zosokoneza

    Mu 2020, pa mpikisano wopanga katemera kapena chithandizo cha COVID-19, asayansi aku Switzerland aku University of Bern adatembenukira ku chida chachilendo: yisiti. Mosiyana ndi ma virus ena, SARS-CoV-2 sangathe kukulira m'maselo amunthu mu labu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuphunzira. Koma gululo lidapanga njira yachangu komanso yabwino yopangira kachilomboka pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell a yisiti.

    Njirayi, yofotokozedwa mu pepala lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya sayansi ya Nature, idagwiritsa ntchito kusinthanso kogwirizana ndi kusintha (TAR) kusakaniza zidutswa zazifupi za DNA kukhala ma chromosome athunthu m'maselo a yisiti. Njirayi idalola asayansi kutengera kachilomboka mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Njirayi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera mtundu wa kachilomboka womwe umayika puloteni ya mtolankhani wa fluorescent, kulola asayansi kuti awone mankhwala omwe angathe kuletsa kachilomboka.

    Ngakhale kupezeka uku kumapereka maubwino ambiri kuposa njira zachikhalidwe zopangira ma cloning, kumakhalanso ndi zoopsa. Kutseketsa ma virus mu yisiti kungayambitse kufalikira kwa matenda a yisiti mwa anthu, ndipo pali chiwopsezo choti kachilombo koyambitsa matenda katha kuthawa mu labu. Komabe, asayansi akukhulupirira kuti njira yopangira ma cloning ndi chida champhamvu chosinthira mwachangu ma virus ndikupanga mankhwala othandiza kapena katemera. Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza akufufuza za kukhazikitsidwa kwa TAR kutengera ma virus ena, kuphatikiza MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) ndi Zika.

    Zotsatira za cloning ndi synthesizing ma virus

    Zotsatira zazikulu za cloning ndi synthesizing ma virus zingaphatikizepo: 

    • Kupitiliza kafukufuku wa ma virus omwe akubwera, kupangitsa maboma kukonzekera miliri kapena miliri yomwe ingachitike.
    • Biopharma yothamangitsa chitukuko cha mankhwala ndi kupanga motsutsana ndi matenda a virus.
    • Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma virus cloning kuzindikira zida zankhondo. Komabe, mabungwe ena angachite zomwezo kuti apange poizoni wabwinoko wamankhwala ndi biological.
    • Maboma akukakamizika kuti awonetsere poyera za maphunziro ake a virus omwe amalipidwa ndi anthu komanso kubwereza komwe kukuchitika m'ma laboratories awo, kuphatikiza mapulani adzidzidzi kuti / ngati ma virus awa athawe.
    • Mandalama okulirapo aboma komanso achinsinsi mu kafukufuku wa virus cloning. Mapulojekitiwa angapangitse kuti ntchito ziwonjezeke m'gawoli.
    • Kukula pankhani yamankhwala odziyimira pawokha, kukonza chithandizo chogwirizana ndi chibadwa chamunthu payekha komanso kukulitsa mphamvu ya machiritso a ma virus.
    • Kupanga njira zolondola kwambiri zaulimi, zomwe zingathe kuchepetsa kudalira mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso kulimbikitsa ulimi wokhazikika.
    • Mabungwe ophunzirira omwe amaphatikiza sayansi yaukadaulo yaukadaulo m'makalasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azigwira ntchito mwaluso kwambiri mu virology ndi genetics.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Mukuganiza kuti ma virus a cloning amatha bwanji kufulumizitsa maphunziro pa matenda a virus?
    • Zowopsa zina zochulukira ma virus mu labu ndi ziti?

    Maumboni anzeru

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