Kuchepetsa thupi kwa CRISPR: Chithandizo cha chibadwa cha kunenepa kwambiri

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Kuchepetsa thupi kwa CRISPR: Chithandizo cha chibadwa cha kunenepa kwambiri

Kuchepetsa thupi kwa CRISPR: Chithandizo cha chibadwa cha kunenepa kwambiri

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Zatsopano za CRISPR zochepetsa thupi zimalonjeza kuchepa thupi kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri posintha majini m'maselo awo amafuta.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • March 22, 2022

    Chidule cha chidziwitso

    Thandizo lochepetsa thupi lochokera ku CRISPR lili pafupi, kusintha maselo "oyipa" amafuta oyera kukhala maselo "abwino" a bulauni kuti athandize odwala kuonda, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe ka shuga. Kafukufuku wochokera ku mayunivesite osiyanasiyana awonetsa kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CRISPR kuti achepetse kunenepa mumitundu ya mbewa, ndipo akatswiri amaneneratu kuti chithandizo chamankhwala cha anthu chikhoza kupezeka mkati mwa 2030s. Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za mchitidwewu zikuphatikizapo kusintha komwe kungatheke pa chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mwayi watsopano wa kukula kwa biotechnology ndi magawo a zaumoyo, komanso kufunikira kwa malamulo a boma kuti atsimikizire chitetezo, makhalidwe abwino, ndi kupezeka.

    CRISPR yochepetsa thupi 

    Ma cell amafuta oyera amadziwika kuti "maselo oyipa" chifukwa amasunga mphamvu m'malo ngati pamimba. Mu CRISPR yomwe ikufunidwa (yophatikizana nthawi zonse yophatikizana nthawi yayitali palindromic kubwereza) -mankhwala ochepetsa thupi, maselowa amachotsedwa ndi kusinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera yochokera ku teknoloji ya CRISPR yomwe imasintha maselowa kukhala maselo a bulauni kapena mafuta abwino, kuthandiza odwala kuchepetsa thupi. 

    Ofufuza ochokera ku Joslin Diabetes Center ku Boston, mwa ena, adatulutsa umboni wamalingaliro mu 2020 omwe angathandize kuti njira zochepetsera thupi zochokera ku CRISPR zikhale zenizeni. Pakuyesa kosalekeza, chithandizo chochokera ku CRISPR chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha maselo oyera amtundu wa anthu kuti azikhala ngati maselo a bulauni. Ngakhale kuti kulowereraku sikungabweretse kusintha kwakukulu kwa kulemera kwa thupi, pali kusintha kwakukulu kwa glucose homeostasis, kuyambira 5 mpaka 10 peresenti, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pa matenda a shuga. Zotsatira zake, cholinga cha kafukufuku wa kunenepa kwambiri chikutembenukira pang'onopang'ono ku ma cell ndi ma gene.

    Ofufuza aku University of California adagwiritsa ntchito CRISPR kukulitsa chibadwa chokweza SIM1 ndi MC4R mumitundu ya mbewa onenepa. Ku yunivesite ya Hanyang ku Seoul, ofufuza analetsa jini yoyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri ya FABP4 mu minofu yoyera ya adipose pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosokoneza ya CRISPR, zomwe zimapangitsa mbewa kutaya 20 peresenti ya kulemera kwawo koyambirira. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi ofufuza a ku Harvard, maselo a HUMBLE (anthu a bulauni ngati mafuta) amatha kuyambitsa minofu yamafuta a bulauni yomwe ilipo m'thupi mwa kuwonjezera milingo ya nitric oxide, yomwe imatha kuwongolera kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kapangidwe ka thupi. Zomwe zapezazi zikutsimikizira kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito CRISPR-Cas9 kukopa mawonekedwe amafuta abulauni pamafuta oyera a wodwala.

    Zosokoneza

    Kupezeka kwa njira zochiritsira za kunenepa kwambiri za CRISPR pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2030 kungapereke njira yatsopano yochepetsera thupi, makamaka kwa iwo omwe amapeza njira zachikhalidwe zosagwira ntchito. Komabe, kukwera mtengo koyambirira kwa machiritsowa kungachepetse kupezeka kwawo kwa okhawo omwe ali ndi zosowa zazikulu komanso zachangu zochepetsera thupi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, pamene luso lamakono likukhala lokonzedwanso kwambiri ndipo mtengo wake ukuchepa, ukhoza kukhala yankho lopezeka kwambiri, lomwe lingathe kusintha momwe kunenepa kumachitira padziko lonse lapansi.

    Kwa makampani, makamaka omwe ali m'gawo la biotechnology ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo, chitukuko chamankhwala awa chikhoza kutsegulira misika yatsopano ndi mwayi wokulirapo. Kuwonjezeka kwa chidwi cha kafukufuku wofanana kungapangitse ndalama zambiri ndi mgwirizano pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabungwe ofufuza, makampani opanga mankhwala, ndi othandizira zaumoyo. Izi zitha kuyambitsanso mpikisano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zochiritsira zogwira mtima komanso zotsika mtengo, zomwe zingapindulitse odwala ambiri.

    Maboma angafunike kutengapo gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera ndi kuthandizira chitukuko ndi kukhazikitsa njira zochiritsira za kunenepa kwambiri za CRISPR. Kuwonetsetsa kuti chitetezo, malingaliro amakhalidwe, ndi kupezeka ndizovuta zazikulu zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Maboma angafunikirenso kuyikapo ndalama pamaphunziro ndi kampeni yodziwitsa anthu kuti athandize anthu kumvetsetsa mapindu ndi kuopsa kwa njira yatsopanoyi yochepetsera thupi. 

    Zotsatira za CRISPR Zochizira Kuonda

    Zotsatira zambiri za CRISPR zochizira zoonda zingaphatikizepo:

    • Kuthandizira kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha imfa padziko lonse chaka chilichonse chokhudzana ndi zovuta zachipatala chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo zokhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
    • Kuchulukitsa ndalama muzowonjezera zofufuza za CRISPR zomwe zitha kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la anthu, kuyambira odana ndi ukalamba mpaka kuchiza khansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zambiri zamankhwala.
    • Kuthandizira kukula kwa zipatala zodzikongoletsera powapatsa njira yoti ayambe kupereka njira zothandizira kukongola kwa chibadwa, kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni yawo yokhazikika ndi jakisoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyanasiyana kwamakampani okongola.
    • Kuchepetsa kudalira mankhwala ochepetsa kunenepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwamakampani opanga mankhwala komanso momwe amapezera ndalama.
    • Maboma akukhazikitsa malamulo ndi malangizo okhudza chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikitsidwa ndi CRISPR, zomwe zimatsogolera kumayendedwe okhazikika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti odwala ali ndi chitetezo komanso kupezeka.
    • Kuchepetsa komwe kungathe kufunikira kwa maopaleshoni ochepetsa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa maopaleshoni komanso mwina kuchepetsa zoopsa zomwe zimachitika ndi njira zotere.
    • Kusintha kwa malingaliro a anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu okhudzana ndi kuchepa thupi ndi maonekedwe a thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri avomereze kusintha kwa majini monga njira yabwino pa thanzi laumwini ndi thanzi.
    • Kupanga mwayi watsopano wa ntchito mu biotechnology, upangiri wa majini, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chapadera, zomwe zimabweretsa kukula m'magawo awa komanso kumafuna mapulogalamu atsopano ndi ziphaso.
    • Kusiyana kwachuma pakupeza njira zochiritsira za kunenepa kwambiri za CRISPR, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso kufunikira kwa ndondomeko zowonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa akupezeka kwa magulu onse a chikhalidwe cha anthu.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Kodi mumachirikiza lingaliro lazamankhwala lowonjezera mafuta?
    • Kodi mukukhulupirira kuti CRISPR yochepetsera kulemera idzakhala njira yogulitsira malonda mkati mwampikisano wochepetsera kulemera kwa msika?