GPS Backup: Kuthekera kwa kutsatira kanjira kochepa

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 16, 2022

Global Positioning System (GPS) imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popereka zidziwitso zakumalo, kuyenda, ndi nthawi (PNT) kumakampani ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi popanga zisankho. 

GPS Backup nkhani

Makampani omwe akugulitsa mabiliyoni a madola popanga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, ma drone oyendetsa ndege, komanso ma taxi apamtunda akutawuni amadalira deta yolondola komanso yodalirika yamalo kuti athe kuyendetsa bwino ntchito zawo. Komabe, mwachitsanzo, pomwe data ya GPS imatha kupeza foni yam'manja pamtunda wa 4.9 metres (mamita 16), mtunda uwu siwolondola mokwanira pamakampani odziyendetsa okha. Makampani odziyimira pawokha akulozera kulondola kwa malo mpaka mamilimita 10, ndi mtunda wawukulu womwe umabweretsa zovuta zazikulu zachitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito m'malo enieni.

Kudalira kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana pa data ya GPS ndikofala kwambiri kotero kuti kusokoneza kapena kuwongolera deta ya GPS kapena ma siginecha kumatha kuyika pachiwopsezo chitetezo chadziko ndi zachuma. Ku United States (US), oyang'anira a Trump adapereka lamulo mu 2020 lomwe lidapatsa dipatimenti yowona zamalonda mphamvu kuti lizindikire zomwe zingawopseze machitidwe a US a PNT ndipo adalamula kuti njira zogulira zinthu zaboma ziziganizira zoopseza izi. Dipatimenti ya US Department of Homeland Security imagwiranso ntchito ndi bungwe la US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency kuti magetsi a dziko, ntchito zadzidzidzi, ndi zipangizo zina zofunika kwambiri zisakhale zodalira GPS.

Kuthamangitsidwa kukulitsa kupezeka kwa PNT kupitirira GPS saw TrustPoint, chiyambi chokhazikika pakupanga global navigational satellite system (GNSS) yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 2020. Inalandira $ 2 miliyoni mu ndalama zambewu mu 2021. Xona Space Systems, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 2019 ku San Mateo, California, ikutsata ntchito yomweyi. TrustPoint ndi Xona akukonzekera kukhazikitsa magulu a nyenyezi ang'onoang'ono a satellite m'njira yotsika kuti apereke ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi za PNT mosadalira ma GPS omwe alipo komanso magulu a nyenyezi a GNSS. 

Zosokoneza

Kuwonekera kwa machitidwe osiyana a GNSS kungayambitse mafakitale omwe amadalira deta ya PNT kuti apange mgwirizano wamalonda ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana, kupanga kusiyana kwa msika ndi mpikisano mkati mwa mafakitale a PNT ndi GNSS. Kukhalapo kwa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a GNSS kungafunikire kupangidwa kwa owongolera padziko lonse lapansi kapena chizindikiro kuti deta yoyendetsedwa ndi machitidwe a GNSS itsimikizike motsutsana ndi miyezo imeneyi. 

Maboma omwe m'mbuyomu adadalira data ya GPS angaganize zopanga makina awo a PNT (mothandizidwa ndi zida zopangidwira mkati mwa GNSS) kuti athe kupindula ndi deta ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha. Maiko atha kugwiritsanso ntchito machitidwe awo a PNT omwe angopangidwa kumene kuti apange maubale ndi mayiko ena omwe akufuna kuti agwirizane ndi mayiko ena pazifukwa za chikhalidwe, ndale, kapena zachuma. Makampani aukadaulo m'maiko omwe akupanga machitidwe odziyimira pawokha a PNT atha kulandila ndalama zochulukirapo kuchokera ku maboma amitundu pazifukwa izi, kukulitsa kukula kwa ntchito mkati mwamakampani opanga matelefoni ndiukadaulo.

Zotsatira za matekinoloje atsopano a GPS akupangidwa

Zotsatira zazikulu za data ya PNT yoperekedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zingaphatikizepo:

• Maboma akupanga machitidwe awoawo a PNT pazolinga zenizeni zankhondo.
• Mayiko osiyanasiyana omwe amaletsa ma satellite a PNT ochokera kumayiko otsutsana kapena ma blocs kuti azitha kuzungulira malire awo.
• Kutsegula mabiliyoni a madola azachuma monga matekinoloje, monga ma drones ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, adzakhala odalirika komanso otetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamitundu yambiri.
• Njira zotsika za GNSS zimakhala njira yayikulu yopezera deta ya PNT pazolinga zogwirira ntchito.
• Kutuluka kwamakampani a cybersecurity omwe amapereka chitetezo cha data cha PNT ngati mzere wothandizira kasitomala.
• Zoyambitsa zatsopano zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki atsopano a PNT kupanga zinthu zatsopano ndi ntchito.

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Kodi mulingo wapadziko lonse wa PNT ukhazikitsidwe, kapena makampani ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana aloledwe kupanga ma data awo a PNT? Chifukwa chiyani?
• Kodi miyezo yosiyanasiyana ya PNT ingakhudze bwanji chidaliro cha ogula pazinthu zomwe zimadalira data ya PNT?