Ngakhale kuti nkhupakupa zikuchulukirachulukira, bungwe la United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) likuti chiwerengero cha nkhupakupa chikuchulukirachulukira kuposa kale.
Matenda a Lyme
Matenda a Lyme, oyambitsidwa ndi borrelia burgdorferi ndipo nthawi zina borrelia mayoni, ndi matenda ofala kwambiri ofalitsidwa ndi tizilombo ku United States. Matendawa amafalikira polumidwa ndi nkhupakupa zamiyendo yakuda. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi kutentha thupi, kutopa, kupweteka mutu, ndi zotupa pakhungu zomwe zimadziwika kuti osamukira ku erythema. Matenda osachiritsika amatha kufalikira kumtima, mafupa, ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Kuzindikira matenda a Lyme kumatengera kuthekera kwa nkhupakupa komanso kuwonetsa zizindikiro za thupi.
Nkhupakupa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhalango za New England ndi madera ena ankhalango ku US; komabe, kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti nkhupakupa zonyamula matenda a Lyme zapezeka pafupi ndi magombe ku Northern California kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kukula kwa malo okhala anthu okhala m’madera akuthengo, kuphatikizapo nkhalango za kum’maŵa kwa United States, kwachititsa kuti nkhalango zigawikane zomwe zagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a Lyme. Mwachitsanzo, kumangidwa kwa nyumba zatsopano, kumapangitsa anthu kukumana ndi nkhupakupa zomwe poyamba zinkakhala m'madera amitengo kapena osatukuka.
Kukula kwa mizinda kungakhalenso kwachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha mbewa ndi nswala, zomwe nkhupakupa zimafunikira chakudya chamagazi, motero zikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha nkhupakupa. Malinga ndi bungwe loteteza zachilengedwe la US Environmental Protection Agency, kutentha ndi chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nkhupakupa komanso moyo wa nkhupakupa. Mwachitsanzo, nkhupakupa za mbawala zimakula bwino m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi pafupifupi 85 peresenti ndipo zimakhala zokangalika kwambiri kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Zotsatira zake, kukwera kwa kutentha komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kukuyembekezeredwa kukulitsa malo abwino okhala nkhupakupa ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zingapo zomwe zikupangitsa kufalikira kwa matenda a Lyme.
Zosokoneza
Ngakhale sizikudziwika kuti ndi anthu angati a ku America omwe amadwala matenda a Lyme, umboni waposachedwapa wofalitsidwa ndi CDC umasonyeza kuti anthu a ku America okwana 476,000 amadziwika ndi kulandira matendawa chaka chilichonse. Pakhala pali malipoti a milandu m'maboma onse 50. Chofunikira chachikulu chachipatala chimaphatikizapo kufunikira kwa matenda abwino; izi zikuphatikizapo kutha kuzindikira matenda oyambirira a Lyme asanayesedwe ndi antibody kuti azindikire modalirika komanso kupanga katemera wa matenda a Lyme.
Kungoganiza kuti kutentha kwapakati pazaka zapakati pazaka zapakati pazaka zapakati pazaka zapakati pa US National Climate Assessment (NCA4) - kuchuluka kwa matenda a Lyme ku United States kukuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 20 peresenti zaka makumi akubwera. Zotsatirazi zingathandize akatswiri azaumoyo wa anthu, asing'anga, ndi opanga mfundo kulimbikitsa kukonzekera ndi kuyankha, komanso kukulitsa kuzindikira kwa anthu kufunikira kokhala osamala pochita nawo ntchito zakunja. Kumvetsetsa momwe kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka komwe kakuchitika komanso mtsogolo kungakhudzire chiwopsezo cha matenda kwa anthu kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa akatswiri azachilengedwe, akatswiri a miliri, ndi azaumoyo.
Ngakhale boma lachita ndalama zambiri, kukwera kwachangu kwa Lyme ndi matenda ena obwera ndi nkhupakupa kwawonekera. Malinga ndi CDC, chitetezo chaumwini ndicho chotchinga chabwino kwambiri cholimbana ndi matenda a Lyme komanso kusintha kwa malo komanso chithandizo chamankhwala acaricide kunyumba. Komabe, pali umboni wochepa wosonyeza kuti iliyonse mwa njirazi imagwira ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuseri kwa nyumba kumachepetsa manambala a nkhupakupa koma sikukhudza mwachindunji matenda a anthu kapena kulumikizana ndi nkhupakupa.
Mafunso oti muyankhepo
- Kodi mukudziwa aliyense amene anadwala matenda a Lyme? Kodi chokumana nacho chawo chakhala chotani posamalira nthendayi?
- Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe mungatsatire kuti nkhupakupa zisakhale panja mukakhala panja?
