Ma taxi am'mlengalenga: Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kwa demokalase yakuyenda mumlengalenga?

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• April 8, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Kumayambiriro kwa ulendo wamalonda, wodziwika ndi makampani apayekha omwe akuyambitsa anthu wamba, kwatsegula zitseko za msika watsopano wapamwamba komanso kuthekera kokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali pa mwezi ndi Mars. Mchitidwewu ukhoza kukonzanso mbali zosiyanasiyana za anthu, kuyambira pakupanga mwayi wa mautumiki apamwamba mpaka kubweretsa zovuta pa kusagwirizana kwa anthu, kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe, zovuta zamalamulo, ndi mphamvu za ntchito. Zotsatira za taxi zakumlengalenga zimapitilira zokopa alendo, zomwe zimakhudza mgwirizano wamayiko, machitidwe olamulira, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, komanso kusintha kwa anthu.

Nkhani ya taxi ya m'mlengalenga

Mu 2021, makampani akumalo abizinesi ngati Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, ndi SpaceX onse adayambitsa ndege zamalonda zomwe zidaphatikizapo anthu wamba. Makamaka, Seputembala 2021 idawona SpaceX ikuyambitsa Inspiration4, roketi ya SpaceX yomwe idanyamula anthu wamba mumlengalenga. Roketiyo idachoka ku Kennedy Space Center ku Florida ku US ndipo idakhala masiku atatu ikuzungulira isanatera. Awa ndi masiku oyambilira akuyenda mumlengalenga kwa anthu wamba.

Ogwira ntchito omwe adakwera roketi ya Inspiration4 adayezetsa zachipatala ndipo adakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi akuphunzitsidwa zoyerekeza ndi zipinda zamphamvu yokoka, kuphatikiza kuphunzitsidwa mkati mwa kapisozi wa SpaceX Dragon. Kukhazikitsako kudanyamula anthu ndi katundu wasayansi pazolinga zofufuzira pomwe nthawi imodzi kukweza ndalama zachipatala chofufuza. Kupitilira izi, kuwuluka kozungulira uku kunali kwapadera kwambiri pakudutsa zopinga zingapo.   

Pakadali pano, magulu ankhondo a Blue Origin ndi Virgin Galactic amafunikira maphunziro ochepera chifukwa maulendo onsewa adatenga ola limodzi lililonse. Zoyendera zamtsogolo zamtsogolo komanso kuyenda mumlengalenga kwa anthu wamba kungafanane ndi mitundu yomalizirayi ya ndege, potengera nthawi komanso zofunikira zophunzitsira anthu. Pamene njira zotetezera ndege za roketi zimatsimikiziridwa pakapita nthawi yayitali, maulendo amtunduwu adzakhala ndi kutchuka kwakukulu komwe kudzatsimikizira kukwera kwachuma kwa ndege zamalonda ndikuthandizira chitukuko chawo pakapita nthawi.

Zosokoneza

SpaceX's Inspiration4 yozungulira ma 360 miles pamwamba pa Earth, 100 miles kumtunda kuposa International Space Station, yomwe imazungulira 250 mamailosi ndikupitilira mtunda woyendetsedwa ndi machitidwe oyambitsa anzawo monga Virgin Galactic (50 miles) ndi Blue Origin (66 miles). Kupambana kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa SpaceX's Inspiration4 kwakhudza makampani ena oyendetsa ndege kuti akonzekere ulendo wopita ku International Space Station kumapeto kwa 2022, pomwe mabiliyoni ena akukonzekera kutenga ojambula osankhidwa kupita kumwezi pofika 2023.

SpaceX idakhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pomwe NASA idayamba kulingalira za kuthekera kwaulendo wamalonda. M'zaka za m'ma 2010, NASA idayika ndalama zokwana madola 6 biliyoni m'makampani apadera kuti apititse patsogolo luso la zakuthambo, kupititsa patsogolo malonda a zamlengalenga, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu atsiku ndi tsiku athe kupeza malo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2020 ndalamazi zidalipiritsa ndalama zomwe makampani aku US adachita bwino pakuchepetsa mtengo wa rocket, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chuma chamitundu yosiyanasiyana chifikire poyambira malo atsopano.

Ndipo pofika zaka za m'ma 2030, chilengedwe chonse choyambira ndi mafakitale okhudzana ndi mlengalenga chidzatuluka kuchokera ku maziko otsika mtengo omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi oyambitsa malo achinsinsi awa. Komabe, zochitika zoyambilira komanso zodziwikiratu zimaphatikiza maulendo oyendera malo azamalonda omwe amazungulira Dziko Lapansi, komanso maulendo a roketi omwe amatha kunyamula anthu kulikonse padziko lapansi pasanathe ola limodzi.

Zotsatira za ma taxi amlengalenga

Zotsatira zazikulu za ma taxi amlengalenga zitha kuphatikiza: 

• Maulendo apaulendo oyambira mlengalenga okhala ndi matikiti okwera mpaka $500,000 ndikugulitsa mipando mpaka $28 miliyoni, zomwe zimatsogolera ku msika watsopano wapamwamba womwe umangotengera olemera okha, ndikupanga mipata yochitira ntchito zapamwamba komanso zokumana nazo.
• Kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mwezi ndi Mars, zomwe zimabweretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa madera atsopano ndi magulu omwe adzafunika utsogoleri, zomangamanga, ndi machitidwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu.
• Makampani oyambirira a rocketry akusintha kukhala ntchito zogwirira ntchito kapena nsanja zamakampani omwe akuchulukirachulukira amakampani omwe akufuna kutengera katundu wawo mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yatsopano yamabizinesi ndi maubwenzi omwe amathandizira kukula kwamakampani opanga danga.
• Malonda a ulendo wa mlengalenga amakhalabe azachuma okha kwa anthu apamwamba kwa zaka makumi angapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa anthu ndi chipwirikiti chomwe chingakhalepo pamene zokopa alendo zimakhala chizindikiro cha kusiyana kwachuma.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa maulendo a mlengalenga ndi kukhazikika kwa nthawi yaitali kwa mapulaneti ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zachilengedwe pa Dziko Lapansi, monga kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi kuwononga zinyalala, zomwe zimafuna malamulo atsopano ndi machitidwe okhazikika.
• Kupititsa patsogolo malo okhalamo ndi maulendo amalonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zalamulo ndi zandale zomwe zidzafunike mapangano atsopano a mayiko, malamulo, ndi maulamuliro kuti athe kusamalira ufulu ndi maudindo pakati pa nyenyezi.
• Kukula kwa ntchito zokopa alendo mumlengalenga ndi ntchito zamalo azamalonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zantchito monga kufunikira kwa maphunziro apadera, kutha kuchotsedwa ntchito m'mafakitale azikhalidwe, komanso kupanga mwayi watsopano wantchito m'malo okhudzana ndi malo.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito zamalonda mumlengalenga, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha kwa anthu pamene anthu akusamukira ku malo okhala, zomwe zingakhudze kugawidwa kwa anthu pa Dziko Lapansi ndikupanga zatsopano za chikhalidwe cha anthu m'madera a mlengalenga.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kuyenda mumlengalenga ndikotsika mtengo masiku ano kuposa nthawi ina iliyonse m'mbiri. Komabe, ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti maulendo apandege a zamalonda azitha kupezeka mosavuta, makamaka kwa anthu wamba apakati ndi apamwamba? 
• Ngati mutapatsidwa mwayi woyenda mumlengalenga, kodi mungavomere?