Space tourism: Chochitika chomaliza chakunja kwadziko lino

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• September 29, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Ntchito zokopa alendo zakuthambo zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo mabiliyoni akutsogola ndikupangitsa chidwi komanso kudzudzula, kuwonetsa nthawi yomwe mlengalenga ungakhale malire oyenda momasuka. Makampani akuthamangira kuti apange zomangamanga ndi zothandizira pamsika womwe ukukulawu, kuphatikiza mahotela apamwamba komanso zokumana nazo zapadera zodyera, zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zisinthe momwe timaonera maulendo ndi zosangalatsa. Kusintha kumeneku kwa zokopa alendo sikungangosintha mayendedwe apamwamba komanso kulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kusasunthika, ndi maphunziro ofufuza zakuthambo.

Nkhani zokopa alendo

Ngakhale kuti anthu akumaloko ngati mabiliyoni Jeff Bezos ndi Richard Branson adalandirapo kuyambira pomwe adayendera mlengalenga, akatswiri amavomereza kuti ndi nkhani yanthawi (ndi zothandizira) kuti zokopa alendo ayambe kutsika. Msika womwe ukuyembekezeka ulipo, koma zida ndi njira zoyendera zitenga nthawi kuti ntchito zazikulu zichitike.

Mu Julayi 2021, Richard Branson wa Virgin Galactic adakhala bilionea woyamba kupita kumlengalenga. Patangopita masiku ochepa, rocket yopangidwa ndi mpikisano wamkulu wa Virgin, Blue Origin, idanyamula CEO wa Amazon Jeff Bezos kupita kumlengalenga. Zochitikazo zinali njira zosangalatsa za mpikisano, kupambana, kudzoza, ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, kunyoza. Pamene ochita masewera okaona malo akukondwerera zochitika zazikuluzikuluzi, nzika zokhazikika za pulaneti la Dziko Lapansi zinakwiya kwambiri ndi kuthawa komwe kunkaoneka ngati kopanda manyazi komanso kudzitamandira. Maganizowa adalimbikitsidwanso chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo komanso kusiyana kwachuma pakati pa 99 ndi 1 peresenti. Ngakhale zili choncho, akatswiri ofufuza zamalonda amavomereza kuti maulendo awiri oyendetsa ndegewa akuwonetsa kuyamba kwachitukuko chachangu muzomangamanga zokopa alendo komanso zoyendera.

Elon Musk's SpaceX yakhala ikuyang'ana kwambiri zamayendedwe, ndikulandila satifiketi kuchokera ku US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) mu 2020 yoyendera ogwira ntchito. Chochitika chachikulu ichi ndi nthawi yoyamba yomwe kampani yabizinesi idaloledwa kuyambitsa zapamlengalenga ku International Space Station (ISS). Chitukukochi chikutanthauza kuti ndege zamalonda zokonzekera ulendo wopita kumlengalenga tsopano ndizotheka kuposa kale lonse. Blue Origin ndi Virgin Galactic alandila chilolezo choyenda mumlengalenga kuchokera ku US Federal Aviation Administration ndipo ayamba kale kugulitsa matikiti. Virgin Galactic suborbital spaceflight imayamba pa $450,000 USD, pomwe Blue Origin sinatulutse mndandanda wamitengo. Komabe, tsopano zikuwoneka kuti pali mazana pamndandanda wodikirira, malinga ndi New York Times.

Zosokoneza

Zomangamanga zokopa alendo zili m'ntchito. Mu Epulo 2022, roketi ya SpaceX Falcon 9 idanyamula bwino yemwe anali wopenda zakuthambo wa NASA ndi anthu wamba atatu olemera mumlengalenga pa ndege yoyamba yopita ku ISS. Tikukhulupirira kuti ndi mishoni izi, pamapeto pake pakhala malo ogwirira ntchito mwachinsinsi.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwaposachedwa kunali ndege yachisanu ndi chimodzi yoyendetsa Crew Dragon ya SpaceX. Ulendowu ndi ulendo wachiwiri chifukwa ntchito zamalonda zakhala zikuzungulira, ndipo Inspiration4 yomwe ili ndi ndalama zachinsinsi inali yoyamba mu September 2021. Komanso, ulendowu ndi ulendo woyamba wamalonda kupita ku ISS. Ndegeyi idathandizidwa ndi Axiom Space, kampani yolumikizana ndi gawo lazamlengalenga, ndipo ikugwirizana ndi NASA kutumiza ma module apamalo azamalonda omwe amalumikizidwa ku ISS. Pofika chaka cha 2030, ochita zamalonda azigwiritsa ntchito ma module a Axiom ngati malo odziyimira pawokha pomwe ISS yapuma pantchito.

Poyembekezera kugulitsa kwa malo okopa alendo, woyendetsa malo opangira mlengalenga Orbital Assembly adalengeza mapulani ake omanga hotelo yoyamba yapamwamba mu 2025. Hoteloyo ikuyembekezeka kukhala yogwira ntchito koyambirira kwa 2027. Malo ogonawo ndi azaka zakuthambo, ndi chipinda chilichonse pa chipangizo chozungulira cha Ferris. Kuphatikiza pazabwino za hotelo monga malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, alendo amatha kusangalala ndi malo owonera makanema, malo odyera apadera, malo osungiramo mabuku, ndi malo ochitirako makonsati.

Hoteloyo ikuyembekezeka kukhala ku LEO, yopereka malingaliro odabwitsa a dziko lapansi pansipa. Malowa adzakhala ndi malo ochezeramo ndi mipiringidzo momwe alendo angasangalale ndikuwona komanso zipinda zokhala anthu opitilira 400. Zofunikira zina, monga malo ogwirira ntchito, madzi, mpweya, ndi magetsi, zidzatenganso gawo lina la malowa. Voyager Station idzazungulira dziko lapansi mphindi 90 zilizonse, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka yopangidwa ndi kasinthasintha.

Zotsatira za zokopa alendo mumlengalenga

Zotsatira zakukula kwa zokopa alendo mumlengalenga zingaphatikizepo: 

• Makampani ambiri omwe akulowa gawo lazokopa alendo ndikufunsira ziphaso ku FAA ndi NASA.
• Kafukufuku wowonjezereka pakupanga zakudya komanso zakudya zam'mlengalenga pomwe mabizinesi akuyesera kukhala oyamba kugwira ntchito m'malo odyetserako malo apamwamba.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwandalama popanga zothandizira zokopa alendo komanso malo monga malo ochitirako tchuthi ndi makalabu.
• Malamulo ena okhudza oyendetsa ndege omwe si aboma komanso certification oyendetsa ndege zamalonda.
• Masukulu oyendetsa ndege omwe amapereka maphunziro a zamalonda monga oyendetsa ndege akusintha kupita kumalo omwe angakhale opindulitsa kwambiri.
• Kupititsa patsogolo kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwunika momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera komanso njira zokhazikika muzokopa alendo mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malamulo okhwima komanso machitidwe okonda zachilengedwe.
• Kusintha mumsika wamaulendo apamwamba, pomwe anthu amtengo wapatali amasankha zambiri zakumalo, zomwe zimakhudza malo omwe amapitako komanso ntchito zapamwamba.
• Kukula kwamapulogalamu ndi zoyeserera zapamlengalenga, kulimbikitsa m'badwo watsopano m'magawo a STEM ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha anthu pakufufuza danga.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi ntchito zokopa alendo zidzalimbikitsa bwanji mikangano yokhudzana ndi kusiyana kwa ndalama ndi kusintha kwa nyengo?
• Ndi zoopsa zina zotani kapena maubwino oyendera mlengalenga?