Bofokoli ba IoT ea bareki: Ha khokahano e bolela likotsi tse arolelanoang

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• July 5, 2023

Lintlha-khōlō tsa temohisiso

Le ha indasteri ea Marang-rang ea Lintho (IoT) e ntse e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa, e ntse e sebetsana le litaba tse hlokomelehang tsa cybersecurity ka lebaka la bareki ba hlokomolohang ho nchafatsa li-password tsa lisebelisoa tsa kamehla le bahlahisi ba hlahisang likarolo tse sa lekoang. Liqholotso tsena li eketsoa ke khaello ea liphatlalatso tsa batho ba tlokotsing le lik'hamphani tse se nang moralo o hlakileng oa ho li sebetsana. Leha ho na le ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe ea litumellano tsa ho se senole, mananeo a phano ea likokoana-hloko, le Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure (CVD) e le maano a taolo ea likotsi, ho amoheloa ha maano a ts'ebollo ea ts'oaetso ho ntse ho le tlase indastering ka bophara. 

Boemo ba bofokoli ba bareki ba IoT

Leha ho na le melemo ho lisebelisoa tse joalo ka bathusi ba lapeng le lik'hamera tsa ts'ireletso tse bohlale, indasteri ea IoT e ntse e na le tsela e telele e lokelang ho etsoa mabapi le cybersecurity. Leha ho na le tsoelo-pele ea moralo le meaho, lisebelisoa tsena li lula li le kotsing ea litlhaselo tsa marang-rang. Bothata bona bo eketsoa hape ke taba ea hore bareki ba bangata ha ba tsebe mekhoa e metle ea ho ntlafatsa lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa ts'ebetso. Ho latela Makasine ea IoT, liperesente tse 15 tsa beng bohle ba lisebelisoa tsa IoT ha ba fetole li-password tsa kamehla, ho bolelang hore barekisi ba ka fihlella liperesente tse 10 tsa lisebelisoa tsohle tse amanang le li-username tse hlano feela.

Liphephetso tse ling tsa ts'ireletso li bakoa ke hore na lisebelisoa tsena li hlophisoa kapa li hlokomeloa joang. Haeba mochini kapa software e sirelelitsoe - ka mohlala, e ke ke ea lokisoa ka lintlafatso tse ncha tsa ts'ireletso kapa basebelisi ba ho qetela ba sitoa ho fetola password ea kamehla - e ka pepesetsa marang-rang a moreki habonolo ts'ebetsong ea cyberattack. Bothata bo bong ke ha moqapi a koala, 'me ha ho motho ea nkang software kapa sethala sa bona. 

Litlhaselo tsa Marang-rang a Lintho lia fapana, ho latela mochini kapa lisebelisoa. Mohlala, bofokoli ba li-soft-or firmware bo ka lumella linokoane hore li fete litsamaiso tsa ts'ireletso tsa likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs). Ho sa le joalo, bahlahisi ba bang ba IoT hangata ba eketsa likarolo tse ncha ho lisebelisoa tsa bona kapa li-interface ntle le ho li hlahloba ka botlalo. Mohlala, ntho e bonahalang e le bonolo, joalo ka tjhaja ea EV, e ka qhekelloa hore e be tefiso e tlase kapa e fetelletseng, e bakang tšenyo ea 'mele.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Ho latela tlhahlobo ea 2020 e entsoeng ke IoT Security Foundation, e 'ngoe ea libaka tseo baetsi ba IoT ba neng ba sa etse ho lekaneng e ne e fana ka liphatlalatso tsa ts'ireletso ea sechaba. Mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng le IoT ke ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho bafuputsi ho tlaleha bofokoli boo ba bo fumanang ka kotloloho ho bahlahisi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lik'hamphani li hloka ho buisana hore na li tla arabela joang hang ha likhathatso tsena li se li tsejoa le hore na ho ka lebelloa nako efe bakeng sa li-patches tsa software kapa litokiso tse ling.

Ho loants'a litšokelo tse hlahang tsa cybersecurity, likhoebo tse ling li itšetleha ka litumellano tsa ho se senole. Ba bang ba hohela bafuputsi ka litšitšili (ke hore, ho lefella bofokoli bo sibolotsoeng). Hape ho na le lits'ebeletso tse ikhethileng tseo lifeme li ka li bolokang ho laola litšenolo le mananeo a bounty bug. Mokhoa o mong oa ho laola likotsi ke Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure (CVD), moo mohlahisi le mofuputsi ba sebetsang 'moho ho lokisa bothata ebe ba lokolla tlaleho ea ho lokisa le ho ba kotsing ka nako e le 'ngoe ho fokotsa tšenyo e ka bang teng ho basebelisi. 

Ka bomalimabe, lik'hamphani tse ling ha li na moralo oa ho sebetsana le litšenolo. Le ha palo ea lifeme tse nang le maano a ho senola ha batho ba tlokotsing e nyolohetse ho liperesente tse 13.3 ka 2019 ho tloha ho liperesente tse 9.7 ka 2018, kamohelo ea indasteri e lutse e le tlase ka kakaretso (2022). Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le melaoana e ntseng e eketseha e laelang maano a phatlalatso. Ka 2020, mmuso oa Amerika o ile oa fetisa Molao oa Ntlafatso ea Marang-rang oa Lintho tsa Cybersecurity, o hlokang hore bafani ba IoT ba be le maano a pepenene a tlokotsing pele ba rekisetsa mekhatlo ea mmuso. 

Litlamorao tsa bofokoli ba IoT ba bareki

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa bofokoli ba IoT ba bareki li ka kenyelletsa: 

• Mebuso e laolang baetsi ba IoT ho ba le maano a ho senola le liteko tse matla le tse pepeneneng.
• Likhamphani tse ngata tsa theknoloji tse thehang mekhatlo ho lumellana le maemo a tšoanang le ho theha liprothokholo tse kopaneng tsa cybersecurity tse ka etsang hore lisebelisoa li sebelisane 'me li sireletsehe haholoanyane.
• Li-smartphone le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bareki tse sebelisang netefatso ea lintlha tse ngata le boitsebahatso ba biometric ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea cyber.
• Keketseho ea matsete ho cybersecurity ea likoloi tsa motlakase le tse ikemetseng ho thibela bosholu ba dijithale.
• Litlhaselo tse eketsehileng tsa ho mamela, moo linokoane li nkang mecha ea puisano e sa ngolisoang; mokhoa ona oa botlokotsebe o ka etsa hore bareki ba bangata ba rate lisebelisoa tsa melaetsa tse patiloeng (EMA).
• Liketsahalo tse ling tsa litlhaselo tsa boenjiniere ba sechaba tse nkang monyetla oa ts'ireletso e fokolang ea password, haholo har'a basebelisi ba lisebelisoa tsa khale.

Lipotso tseo u ka fanang ka maikutlo ho tsona

• U etsa bonnete ba hore lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa IoT li sirelelitsoe hantle?
• Ke litsela life tse ling tseo bareki ba ka ntlafatsang ts'ireletso ea lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa IoT?