GPS Backup: Monyetla oa ho latela mokhoa o tlase oa orbit

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• June 16, 2022

Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

Ponahalo ea Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) e fetoha sebaka sa khoebo, thekenoloji le tsamaiso ea tikoloho, ka liindasteri tse kang lik'hamphani tse ikemetseng tsa likoloi tse hlokang data e nepahetseng ea Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) ho feta GPS ea hajoale e ka fanang ka eona. Ho ananeloa ha lintlha tsa GPS e le motheo oa tšireletso ea naha le moruo ho lebisitse liketsong tsa tsamaiso le litšebelisano-'moho tse reretsoeng ho fokotsa ho itšetleha feela ka GPS, haholo-holo makaleng a bohlokoa a litšebeletso tsa motheo. Likhoebo tse ncha lia hlaha, tse ikemiselitseng ho holisa phumaneho ea PNT ka lihlopha tsa linaleli tsa sathelaete tse tsamaeang ka tlase, e leng monyetla oa ho notlolla libaka tse ncha tsa mesebetsi ea moruo.

Boemo ba Backup ea GPS

Likhamphani tse tsetelang libilione tsa lidolara ho nts'etsapele likoloi tse itsamaisang, li-drone tse tsamaisang thepa, le litekesi tsa lifofane tsa litoropong li itšetlehile ka lintlha tse nepahetseng le tse tšepahalang tsa sebaka ho laola tšebetso ea tsona hantle. Leha ho le joalo, mohlala, le hoja data ea boemo ba GPS e ka fumana smartphone sebakeng sa 4.9 metres (16 feet), sebaka sena ha sea nepahala ka ho lekaneng bakeng sa indasteri ea likoloi tse itsamaisang. Likhamphani tse ikemetseng tsa likoloi li shebile ho nepahala ha sebaka ho fihla ho limilimithara tse 10, ka libaka tse kholo tse hlahisang mathata a bohlokoa a polokeho le ts'ebetso maemong a nnete a lefatše.

Ho tšeptjoa ha liindasteri tse fapaneng ho data ea GPS ho atile hoo ho sitisa kapa ho laola data kapa matšoao a GPS ho ka behang ts'ireletseho ea naha le moruo kotsing. United States (US), tsamaiso ea Trump e ile ea fana ka taelo ea phethahatso ka 2020 e ileng ea fa Lefapha la Khoebo matla a ho tsebahatsa litšokelo ho litsamaiso tse teng tsa US PNT le ho laela hore mekhoa ea theko ea 'muso e nahanele litšokelo tsena. Lefapha la Tšireletso ea Lehae la United States le lona le sebelisana 'moho le Setsi sa Tšireletso ea Cybersecurity le Infrastructure Security Agency e le hore marang-rang a naha a motlakase, litšebeletso tsa tšohanyetso le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bohlokoa li se ke tsa itšetleha ka GPS ka ho feletseng.

Morero oa ho holisa ho fumaneha ha PNT ho feta GPS e bone TrustPoint, qalo e shebaneng le ho nts'etsapele sistimi ea sathelaete ea ho tsamaea lefatšeng ka bophara (GNSS) e thehiloeng ka 2020. E fumane USD $ 2 milione ka lichelete tsa peo ka 2021. Xona Space Systems, e thehiloe ka 2019 San Mateo. , California, e ntse e hahamalla morero o tšoanang. TrustPoint le Xona li rera ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa linaleli tse nyane tsa satellite hore li tsamaee ka tsela e tlase ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa PNT tsa lefats'e ntle le li-GPS tse teng le lihlopha tsa linaleli tsa GNSS. 

Tšusumetso e senyang

Bokamoso ba GPS le mekhoa e meng ea eona bo hokahane le marang-rang a rarahaneng a matla a khoebo, a thekenoloji le a tikoloho. Ho hlaha ha mefuta e fapaneng ea Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) ho ka 'na ha tsamaisa liindasteri tse itšetlehileng ka Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) data mabapi le ho theha lilekane tsa khoebo le bafani ba fapaneng. Ts'ebetso ena e ka bonoa e le mokhoa oa ho netefatsa hore ho na le bofokoli le ho tšepahala ho data ea bohlokoa ea ho tsamaea le ea nako, e leng mokokotlo oa liindasteri tse ngata tsa morao-rao tse kenyeletsang thepa, lipalangoang le litšebeletso tsa tšohanyetso. Ho feta moo, mefuta ena e ka khothaletsa phapang ea mebaraka le tlholisano ka har'a likarolo tsa PNT le GNSS, tsa etsa hore li be mafolofolo le ho arabela litlhoko tsa bareki ba bona ba fapaneng.

Ka tekanyo e pharaletseng, boteng ba mekhoa e mengata ea GNSS e ka 'na ea totobatsa tlhokahalo ea molaoli oa bokahohle kapa benchmark ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho tšepahala ha lintlha tse fanoeng ke litsamaiso tsena. Sehlopha se joalo sa lefats'e se behang maemo se ka sebetsa molemong oa ho hokahanya litekanyetso tsa tekheniki le ts'ebetso ho pholletsa le litsamaiso tse fapaneng tsa GNSS, ho netefatsa boemo ba ho sebelisana le ho tšepana har'a basebelisi lefatšeng ka bophara. Sena se bohlokoa kaha ho se lumellane ho data ea PNT ho ka ba le litlamorao tse kholo, ho tloha ho litšitiso tse nyane tsa phano ea lits'ebeletso ho isa likotsing tse kholo tsa polokeho makaleng a kang a bofofisi kapa tsamaiso ea maoatle. Ho feta moo, ho tsitsa ho ka boela ha thusa ho kopanngoa ha litsamaiso tse fapaneng, ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lefats'e ea litšebeletso tsa PNT khahlanong le ho hlōleha ha tsamaiso, ho kena-kenana ka boomo, kapa likoluoa ​​​​tsa tlhaho.

Mebuso, eo ka tloaelo e itšetlehileng ka GPS, e ka bona bohlokoa ba ho iketsetsa litsamaiso tsa eona tsa PNT tse tšehetsoeng ke mekhoa ea motheo ea GNSS e entsoeng ka hare, e le mokhoa oa ho fumana boitsebiso le boikemelo ba tlhahisoleseding. Ho itšepa hona ha ho na monyetla oa ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea naha feela empa ho boetse ho bula menyetla ea ho theha lilekane le lichaba tse ling tse thehiloeng mererong e arolelanoang ea sechaba, lipolotiki kapa moruo. Ho feta moo, ha linaha li ntse li tsoela pele ho nts'etsapele litsamaiso tse ikemetseng tsa PNT, lifeme tsa theknoloji ka har'a linaha tsena li ka bona keketseho ea lichelete tsa mmuso, e ka matlafatsang kholo ea mesebetsi ka har'a mafapha a likhokahano le thekenoloji, e leng se tlatselletsang phellong e ntle ea moruo. Tloaelo ena e ka qetella e khothalletsa tikoloho ea lefats'e moo lichaba li sa itšetleheng ka thekenoloji feela empa li boetse li kopanela litšebelisanong tse hahang tse thehiloeng holim'a mekhoa le merero e arolelanoang ea PNT.

Litlamorao tsa mahlale a macha a GPS a ntseng a ntlafatsoa

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa data ea PNT e fanoang mehloling e fapaneng e ka kenyelletsa:

• Mebuso e iketsetsa mekhoa ea eona ea PNT bakeng sa merero e khethehileng ea sesole.
• Lichaba tse fapaneng li thibela lisathelaete tsa PNT ho tsoa linaheng tse hanyetsanang kapa li-blocs tsa libaka ho potoloha ka holim'a meeli ea tsona.
• Ho notlolla mesebetsi ea moruo ea boleng ba lidolara tse libilione joalo ka mahlale, joalo ka li-drones le likoloi tse ikemetseng, e tla ba e ts'epahalang le e sireletsehileng haholoanyane bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lits'ebetso tse ngata.
• Sistimi ea GNSS e tsamaeang ka tlase e fetoha mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho fihlella data ea PNT molemong oa ts'ebetso.
• Ho hlaha ha lifeme tsa cybersecurity tse fanang ka ts'ireletso ea data ea PNT joalo ka mohala oa litšebeletso tsa bareki.
• Lits'ebetso tse ncha tse qalang tse nkang monyetla ka marang-rang a macha a PNT ho theha lihlahisoa le lits'ebeletso tse ncha.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Na ho lokela ho theoa maemo a lefats'e a PNT, kapa lik'hamphani le linaha tse fapaneng li lokela ho lumelloa ho iketsetsa lits'ebetso tsa bona tsa data tsa PNT? Hobaneng?
• Litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa PNT li ka ama ts'epo ea bareki joang lihlahisoa tse itšetlehileng ka data ea PNT?