CRISPR tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele: Pheko ea lefutso bakeng sa botenya

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CRISPR tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele: Pheko ea lefutso bakeng sa botenya

CRISPR tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele: Pheko ea lefutso bakeng sa botenya

Sengoloa sa sehloohoana
Mekhoa e mecha ea ho theola boima ba 'mele ea CRISPR e tšepisa ho theola boima ba 'mele ho bakuli ba batenya ka ho hlophisa liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa bona tsa mafura.
    • Author:
    • Lebitso la sengoli
      Quantumrun Ponelopele
    • March 22, 2022

    Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

    Liphekolo tsa ho theola boima ba 'mele tse thehiloeng ho CRISPR li se li le haufi, li fetola lisele tse "mpe" tse tšoeu tsa mafura hore e be lisele tse "ntle" tse sootho ho thusa bakuli ho theola boima ba 'mele, ka ts'ebeliso e ka bang teng taolong ea lefu la tsoekere. Lipatlisiso tse tsoang liunivesithing tse fapaneng li bonts'itse monyetla oa ho sebelisa theknoloji ea CRISPR ho theola boima ba 'mele mefuteng ea litoeba, mme bahlahlobisisi ba bolela esale pele hore liphekolo tsa batho li ka fumaneha bohareng ba bo-2030. Liphello tsa nako e telele tsa mokhoa ona li kenyelletsa phetoho e ka 'nang ea e-ba teng ea phekolo ea botenya lefatšeng ka bophara, menyetla e mecha ea ho hōla lefapheng la biotechnology le tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, le tlhokahalo ea taolo ea' muso ho netefatsa tšireletseho, melao ea boitšoaro le ho khoneha.

    Boemo ba ho lahleheloa ke boima ba CRISPR 

    Lisele tse mafura tse tšoeu li tsejoa e le "lisele tse mpe" tsa mafura hobane li boloka matla libakeng tse kang mpa. Ho CRISPR e reriloeng (e kopantsoeng ka linako tsohle ho pheta-pheta nako e khutšoanyane ea palindromic) -e leng phekolo ea ho lahleheloa ke boima ba 'mele, lisele tsena li ntšoa le ho hlophisoa ho sebelisoa mokhoa o khethehileng o thehiloeng theknoloji ea CRISPR e fetolang lisele tsena hore e be lisele tse sootho kapa tse ntle tsa mafura, ho thusa bakuli ho theola boima ba' mele. 

    Bafuputsi ba Joslin Diabetes Center e Boston, har'a ba bang, ba lokolotse mosebetsi oa bopaki ka 2020 o ka thusang ho etsa hore liphekolo tsa ho theola boima ba 'mele tse thehiloeng ho CRISPR e be tsa nnete. Nakong ea liteko tse tsoelang pele, phekolo e thehiloeng ho CRISPR e ile ea sebelisoa ho fetola lisele tsa mafura tse tšoeu tsa motho hore li itšoare joaloka lisele tsa mafura a sootho. Le hoja ho kenella hona ho ka 'na ha se ke ha lebisa liphetohong tse kholo tsa boima ba' mele, ho na le liphetoho tse kholo ho glucose homeostasis, ho tloha ho 5 ho ea ho karolo ea 10 lekholong, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola lefu la tsoekere. Ka lebaka leo, sepheo sa lipatlisiso tsa botenya butle-butle se fetohela kalafong ea lisele le liphatsa tsa lefutso.

    Bafuputsi ba Univesithing ea California ba sebelisitse CRISPR ho matlafatsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa SIM1 le MC4R tse ntseng li eketseha ka bongata. Univesithing ea Hanyang e Seoul, bafuputsi ba ile ba thibela liphatsa tsa lefutso tse bakang botenya FABP4 ka lisele tse tšoeu tsa adipose ka mokhoa oa ho kena-kenana le CRISPR, e leng se lebisang ho litoeba ho lahleheloa ke karolo ea 20 lekholong ea boima ba bona ba pele. Ho feta moo, ho ea ka bafuputsi ba Harvard, lisele tsa HUMBLE (tse kang mafura a sootho) li ka 'na tsa etsa hore lisele tsa adipose tse sootho li sebetse' meleng ka ho eketsa maemo a lik'hemik'hale tsa nitric oxide, tse ka laolang metabolism ea matla le 'mele. Liphuputso tsena li paka monyetla oa ho sebelisa CRISPR-Cas9 ho hlahisa litšobotsi tse kang mafura a sootho ka har'a mafura a masoeu a mokuli.

    Tšusumetso e senyang

    Ho fumaneha ha liphekolo tsa botenya tse thehiloeng ho CRISPR bohareng ba bo-2030 ho ka fana ka khetho e ncha ea ho theola boima ba 'mele, haholo-holo ho ba fumanang mekhoa ea setso e sa sebetse. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele tsa liphekolo tsena li ka lekanyetsa ho fumaneha ha tsona ho ba nang le litlhoko tse matla le tse potlakileng tsa ho theola boima ba ’mele. Ha nako e ntse e ea, ha thekenoloji e ntse e ntlafala le litšenyehelo li fokotseha, e ka 'na ea e-ba tharollo e fumanehang hohle, e ka fetolang tsela eo botenya bo tšoaroang ka eona lefatšeng ka bophara.

    Bakeng sa lik'hamphani, haholo-holo tse lefapheng la biotechnology le tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, nts'etsopele ea mekhoa ena ea phekolo e ka bula limmaraka tse ncha le menyetla ea kholo. Thahasello e eketsehileng lipatlisisong tse tšoanang e ka lebisa licheleteng tse ngata le tšebelisano pakeng tsa ba amehang ba fapa-fapaneng, ho kenyeletsa le mekhatlo ea lipatlisiso, lik'hamphani tsa meriana le bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Mokhoa ona o ka boela oa etsa hore ho be le tlhōlisano, e leng se lebisang ho nts'etsopele ea liphekolo tse sebetsang hantle le tse theko e tlaase, tse ka tsoelang bakuli ba bangata molemo.

    Mebuso e kanna ea hloka ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho laola le ho ts'ehetsa nts'etsopele le ts'ebetsong ea liphekolo tsa botenya tse thehiloeng ho CRISPR. Ho netefatsa polokeho, menahano ea boitšoaro, le phihlello e tla ba liphephetso tsa bohlokoa tse lokelang ho rarolloa. Mebuso e kanna ea hloka ho tsetela lithutong tsa thuto le tlhokomeliso ea sechaba ho thusa batho ho utloisisa melemo le likotsi tse ka bang teng tsa mokhoa ona o mocha oa ho theola boima ba 'mele. 

    Liphello tsa mekhoa ea ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ea CRISPR

    Liphello tse pharalletseng tsa liphekolo tsa ho theola boima ba 'mele tsa CRISPR li ka kenyelletsa:

    • Ho thusa ho fokotsa palo ea selemo le selemo ea lefu la lefats'e le amanang le mathata a bongaka ka lebaka la botenya, ho lebisang ho batho ba phelang hantle le ho ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo amanang le mafu a amanang le botenya.
    • Ho eketsa matsete a mats'oao a eketsehileng a thehiloeng ho CRISPR a ka hlahisang mefuta e mengata ea lintlafatso bophelong ba batho, ho tloha ho khahlanong le botsofali ho isa kalafong ea mofets'e, e lebisang ho tharollo e pharaletseng ea bongaka.
    • Ho ts'ehetsa kholo ea litleliniki tsa litlolo ka ho li fa mokhoa oa ho qala ho fana ka liphatlalatso tsa botle tse thehiloeng ho liphatsa tsa lefutso, ho phaella ho liopereishene tsa bona tse tloaelehileng le liente, tse lebisang ho fapa-fapaneng indastering ea botle.
    • Ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka lihlahisoa tsa meriana tse theolang boima ba 'mele, e leng se lebisang ho liphetoho tse shebaneng le indasteri ea meriana le mehloli ea chelete.
    • Mebuso e phethahatsang melao le melao ea boitšoaro bakeng sa mekhoa ea phekolo e thehiloeng ho CRISPR, e lebisang mekhoeng e tloaelehileng le ho netefatsa tšireletso ea mokuli le ho fumaneha.
    • Phokotso e ka bang teng ea tlhokahalo ea liopereishene tse hlaselang tsa ho theola boima ba 'mele, tse lebisang liphetohong tsa mekhoa ea ho buoa le mohlomong ho theola likotsi tse amanang le lits'ebetso tse joalo.
    • Phetoho ea maikutlo a sechaba le litloaelo tsa sechaba mabapi le ho theola boima ba 'mele le setšoantšo sa' mele, se lebisang ho amoheleheng ho eketsehileng ha liphatsa tsa lefutso e le khetho e sebetsang bakeng sa bophelo bo botle le boiketlo ba motho.
    • Theho ea menyetla e mecha ea mesebetsi ho theknoloji ea baeloji, tlhabollo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, le tlhokomelo e khethehileng ea bongaka, e lebisang khōlong ea makala ana le ho hloka mananeo a macha a thuto le mangolo a mangolo.
    • Phapang ea moruo mabapi le ho fumana mekhoa ea phekolo ea botenya e thehiloeng ho CRISPR, e lebisang ho se lekane ho ka bang teng litabeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo, le ho hloka mehato ea maano ho netefatsa hore mekhoa ena ea phekolo e fumaneha ho lihlopha tsohle tsa moruo oa sechaba.

    Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

    • Na u tšehetsa khopolo ea ho lahleheloa ke mafura a matla ka meriana?
    • Na u lumela hore phekolo ee ea ho theola boima ba 'mele ea CRISPR e tla ba khetho e sebetsang khoebong ka har'a maraka a tlhōlisano ea boima ba' mele?

    Litšupiso tsa temohisiso

    Lihokelo tse latelang tse tsebahalang le tsa mekhatlo li ile tsa hlalosoa bakeng sa temohisiso ena: