Ho hlasela lisebelisoa tsa IT tse ka tlas'a metsi: Sebaka sa leoatle se fetoha lebala la ntoa la cybersecurity

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• August 3, 2023

Lintlha-khōlō tsa temohisiso

Lithapo tsa likhokahano tse ka tlas'a metsi, tse bohlokoa bakeng sa sephethephethe sa marang-rang lefatšeng ka bophara le ho arolelana motlakase, li ntse li le kotsing ea ho hlaseloa le liketso tsa bohloela. Linaha tse ling li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse joalo molemong oa taolo ea tikoloho, e leng se lebisang matšoenyehong a ho thibela tlhahisoleseling le tšitiso e ka bang teng ea litšebeletso. Litlamorao tsa nako e telele tsa litlhaselo tsena tsa IT tse ka tlas'a metsi li ka kenyelletsa ho felloa ke tšepo ea sechaba ho ts'ireletso ea dijithale, ho eketseha ha litšenyehelo le litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso ea marang-rang, tsitsipano e ntseng e eketseha ea lipolotiki, tšenyo e ka bang teng ea tikoloho, le melao e thata ea mmuso.

Ho hlasela maemo a motheo a IT a tlas'a metsi

Lithapo tse ka tlas'a leoatle li fana ka mocha oa hore linaha li arolelane motlakase le hore batho ka bomong ba kenelle marang-rang. TeleGeography, feme ea tlhahlobo ea data, e fana ka maikutlo a hore hoo e ka bang liperesente tse 95 tsa sephethephethe sa marang-rang sa lefats'e se na le karolo ea leeto la sona ka tlas'a metsi. Marang-rang ana a tsamaisoa ke likotopo tse pharaletseng, tse sa keneleng metsi. Ho na le lithapo tsa mehala tse ka bang 530 tse sebetsang kapa tse reriloeng ka tlas'a metsi lefatšeng ka bophara, empa ho sa tsotelehe bohlokoa ba tsona, le tsona li kotsing ea ho hlaseloa. 

Lefapha le ka Sehloohong la Lipatlisiso la Leoatle le Leholo la Russia, kapa GUGI, le sebelisa mekhoa ena ea theknoloji ea boitsebiso ka tlas'a metsi bakeng sa bohloela. Lefapha la Toka la United States le lemositse khahlanong le ho theha Pacific Light Cable Network, e leng khoebo e kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa lik'hamphani tsa Amerika le tsa Chaena tse etselitsoeng ho hokahanya Amerika le Hong Kong, ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho sebetsa e le setsi sa bohloela. Matšoenyeho mabapi le lits'ebetso tsa cable tse ka tlas'a leoatle tse lebisitsoeng ho tsona li ile tsa hlaha kamora hore liphaephe tsa khase tsa Nord Stream 1 le 2 tse tsoang Russia ho ea Europe tlasa Leoatle la Baltic li senngoe ke ho phatloha (2023).

Christian Bueger, Moprofesa oa Likamano tsa Machaba Univesithing ea Copenhagen, o ngotse phuputso e mabapi le bofokoli ba likhoele tse ka tlas'a leoatle tsa Europe pele ho ketsahalo ea Nord Stream. O re European Union le North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) joale li sebetsa ka mafolofolo mabapi le maano a ho ntlafatsa leihlo le kutloisiso ea mesebetsi ea maoatle, ho kenyeletsoa le tse ka tlas'a leoatle. O boetse a totobatsa tlhokahalo ea tšebelisano e haufi har'a bankakarolo ba indasteri, baetsi ba melaoana ea ts'ireletso le sesole, leha ho le thata ho hokahanya lihlopha tsena tse fapaneng mabapi le mekhoa e metle.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Linaha tse ngata sebakeng sa Indo-Pacific li na le likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi tse khonang ho kena-kenana le likhoele ka bohlale. Lik'hamphani tse behang likhoele tsena li ne li ka kenya menyako e patehileng kapa lisebelisoa tse behang leihlo. Ka ho tlola litsamaiso tsa taolo ea marang-rang, bahlaseli ba ne ba ka nka taolo ea litlhophiso tse fapaneng tsa taolo ea likhoele. Likhukhuni le mekhatlo ea litlokotsebe li ka sebelisa monyetla oa bofokoli ba li-cable ho sitisa litšebeletso tsa bohlokoa, ho senya datha, kapa ho baka moferefere.

Kotsi e kholo le ho feta ke tšitiso ea likhoele moo ho kopanang le data kapa libakeng tse thellang. Mohlala, Sydney le Perth ke libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa Australia tsa ho theola likhoele. Liwebsaete tsena li ka khaoha ka lebaka la ho khaoha ha motlakase kapa lisebelisoa tse phatlohang 'me li ka ba kotsing ea ho hlaseloa ke limisaele. Liteishene tsa ho theosa li kotsing ea ho ts'oaroa le ho pheta-pheta data, ha batho ba fetisang le ba amohelang ba ntse ba sa tsebe.

Lisebelisoa tsa IT tse ka tlas'a metsi li ka ba lithunya tsa bohlokoa tsa lipolotiki. Sengoliloeng se sitiloeng sa tumellano ea maoatle pakeng tsa China le Solomon Islands ho tloha ka 2022 se bontša sepheo sa China sa ho khothaletsa sechaba sa likepe tse nang le bokamoso bo arolelanoang ka ho haha ​​​​boemakepe, libaka tsa likepe le likhoele tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi bakeng sa Solomon Islands. Ho falla hona ho fana ka mohlala oa kamoo linaha tse ling li ka hlophisang lilekane ho laola likhoele tsa bohlokoa tsa leoatle.

Ka hona, linaha li tla tsetela haholo ho sireletsa likhoele tsa tsona tse ka tlas'a metsi, ho kenyeletsoa ho sebelisa li-drones tse ikemetseng le ho etsa boikoetliso ba sesole sa metsing. Sistimi ea naha ea Australia ea ho sireletsa likhoele tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi e bonoa e le tekanyetso ea tikoloho, e fanang ka libaka tsa ts'ireletso haufi le litselana le ho etsa hore ho kena-kenana le lithapo tsena e be tlōlo ea molao. 

Liphello tsa ho hlasela lisebelisoa tsa IT ka tlas'a metsi

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa tlhaselo ea lisebelisoa tsa IT tsa tlas'a metsi li ka kenyelletsa: 

• Litlhaselo tse pheta-phetoang tse felisang tšepo ea sechaba mekhatlong e amehang ka bobeli le ts'ireletsong ea lefats'e la dijithale ka kakaretso, e leng se lebisang ho phallo e pharalletseng ea sechaba khahlano le litsamaiso tsa dijithale le khatello ea melao le litloaelo tse matla tsa cybersecurity.
• Litefiso tse phahameng tsa inshorense bakeng sa kotsi ea cyber, tšebeliso ea chelete e eketsehileng mehatong ea cybersecurity, le khoebo e ka bang e lahlehile ka lebaka la ho sitisoa ha litšebeletso kapa tahlehelo ea ts'epo ea bareki.
• Keketseho ea tsitsipano ea lipolotiki, e tsosang likarabo ho tloha ho boipelaetso ba lipolotiki ho ea ho litlhaselo tsa cyberattacks tsa boiphetetso kapa ho kenella sesoleng.
• Libaka tse ling li kotsing ea ho sitisoa ke lits'ebeletso le litlamorao tse mpe tsa litlhaselo tsena ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa IT. 
• Lintlafatso tsa tsamaiso ea cybersecurity le meaho, ho kenyeletsoa ho nts'etsapele lisebelisoa tsa cable tse hananang le ho senya kapa ho phatloha.
• Tlhokahalo e phahameng ea litsebi tsa ts'ireletso ea cybersecurity, haholo ba nang le litsebo tsa ho boloka le ho boloka litšebeletso tsa motheo tsa IT ka tlas'a metsi. 
• Mebuso e kenyang ts'ebetsong melao le melaoana e thata ea cybersecurity, e beha boitlamo bo bocha ho likhoebo ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa bona tsa IT. Leha sena se ka ntlafatsa boemo bo akaretsang ba cybersecurity, se ka boela sa baka liphephetso tsa ho latela melao bakeng sa likhoebo le ho eketsa ho rarahana ha ts'ebetso sebakeng sa dijithale.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Naha ea heno e sireletsa likhoele tsa eona tse ka tlas'a metsi joang?
• Likhamphani li ka sebetsa 'moho joang ho netefatsa hore meaho ea bona ea IT e sebetsa hantle ebile e bolokehile?