Automobile sustainable raw materials: E ea botala ho feta motlakase

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• August 9, 2023

Lintlha-khōlō tsa temohisiso

Ka 2040, lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso li tla ikarabella bakeng sa 60% ea mesi ea likoloi, e leng se tla susumetsa liphetoho tse tšoarellang joalo ka letlalo la 'vegan'. BMW le Audi li sebelisa thepa e tsosolositsoeng mefuteng ea tsona, ha Volvo e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho tse ling tse tšoarellang tsa letlalo. Li-Startups tse kang Karuun le Bcomp li fana ka lisebelisoa tse ncha, ho kenyelletsa le li-rattan le li-fiber tsa tlhaho, ka ho latellana. Phetoho ena e lebisang ho ts'ireletseho e ka lebisa ho thehoeng ha mesebetsi, melaoana e thata, liphetoho tse ratoang ke bareki, tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji, phokotso ea phello ea tikoloho, liketane tsa phepelo ea lehae, le botumo bo matla ba likhoebo.

Lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang bakeng sa maemo a likoloi

Feme ea boeletsi ea McKinsey e etsa merero ea hore ka 2040, lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang tlhahisong li tla ikarabella bakeng sa liperesente tse 60 tsa mesi indastering ea likoloi. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho matlafatsa boikitlaetso ba decarbonization sebakeng sena. Baetsi ba bangata ba etelletsa pele ho tlosa letlalo ka mefuta e meng ea 'vegan'. Ha ho ntse ho sebelisoa letlalo la maiketsetso kapa la maiketsetso ho se ho fetile lilemo tse ngata, baetsi ba likoloi ba ikemiselitse ho phahamisa mokhoa ona ka ho hlahisa mekhoa e metle ea tikoloho. Letlalo la Vegan le ka etsoa ho tsoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, ho kenyeletsoa li-mushroom le litšila tsa phaenapole, tse fanang ka monyetla o moholo oa ho fumana mohloli o tsitsitseng.

Mefuta e mengata e se e ntse e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang mefuteng ea tsona. Limmete tsa BMW tsa motlakase tsa iX SUV tsa BMW le limmete tsa fatše li entsoe ka Econyl, mofuta oa nylon e nkiloeng matlooang a ho tšoasa litlhapi a rekiloeng bocha le litšila tse tsoang tlhahisong ea polasetiki. Ho ea ka BMW, ho sebelisa lipolasetiki tse tsosolositsoeng ho fella ka phokotso ea 80 lekholong ea khabone ha e bapisoa le nylon ea setso e thehiloeng peterole. Ho feta moo, iX e na le letlalo la letlalo le entsoeng ka lekhasi la mohloaare, le bokelloang ka mor'a ho rengoa ha lifate tsa mohloaare tsa Europe.

Ho sa le joalo, Audi ea moloko oa bone oa A3 sedan e na le likoahelo tsa setulo tse entsoeng ka thepa e nchafalitsoeng, e kenyelletsang libotlolo tse kholo tsa 45 tsa polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ka 'ngoe. PET ke motsoako oa maiketsetso o sebelisoang ka libotlolong tsa polasetiki ka bobeli le masela a tšoarellang nako e telele. Ka lebaka leo, e loketse hantle bakeng sa ho etsa likoahelo tse tšoarellang tsa litulo. Lisebelisoa tse ling tse ntseng li nahanoa ke baetsi ba likoloi ke bamboo, silika ea biofabricated, le aluminium.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Baetsi ba likoloi ba kanna ba tsetela thepa e tšoarellang ha tlhokahalo ea likoloi tse sebetsang hantle ka tikoloho e ntse e eketseha. Moetsi oa likoloi oa Sweden oa Volvo o itlamme ho etsa hore koloi ea eona ea motlakase e be bonolo ho ba vegan ka 2030, 'me bahlahisi ba bang ba maemo a holimo le bona ba ikemiselitse ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa lintho tse ling tse ka nkelang letlalo sebaka. BMW e sebelisana 'moho le Desserto, feme e hlahisang biomaterial e entsoeng ka cactus e khonang ho fetola letlalo litulong le liphanele. 

Li-Startups li kanna tsa phahamisa 'maraka o tsitsitseng ho nts'etsapele lisebelisoa tse ling tse ka khahlang baetsi ba likoloi. Mohlala, k'hamphani ea Jeremane Karuun e sebelisa rattan, sehlahisoa se seng sa mapolanka se tsoang Indonesia, moo thepa e kotuloang ka letsoho le ho sebetsoa sebakeng seo. Mokhoa ona o hohetse Jaguar Land Rover le moetsi oa likoloi tsa motlakase oa China Nio.

Lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho bioloji li fana ka molemo o eketsehileng oa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele, kahoo ho matlafatsa matla le ho boloka mesi. Khamphani ea thepa e tala Bcomp e sebetsa ka ho khetheha lihlahisoa tsa likoloi tse kenyelletsang likhoele tsa tlhaho bakeng sa mabone a tsitsitseng, mohopolo o shebaneng le ho fokotsa boima ba koloi ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso le katleho. Khamphani e hohetse matsete a BMW, Porsche, le Volvo. Lihlahisoa tsa Bcomp li ka fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka liperesente tse 50 le tšebeliso ea polasetiki ka liperesente tse 70 liphanele tsa kahare. Likaroloana li ipapisitse le likhoele tsa folaxe tse tsoang limela tsa Europe, tse ka nkang sebaka sa lisebelisoa tse kenyang mesi joalo ka polasetiki, khabone le likhoele tsa khalase.

Liphello tsa thepa ea moshoelella bakeng sa likoloi

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa lisebelisoa tse tala tsa likoloi li ka kenyelletsa: 

• Tlhahiso ea mesebetsi ho nts'etsopele, tlhahiso, le ts'ebetsong ea thepa ea moshoelella.
• Mebuso e theha melao e thata le likhothatso ho khothaletsa tšebeliso ea thepa e tšoarellang indastering ea likoloi. Mokhoa ona o ka lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea maano a mangata a se nang tikoloho le ho khothaletsa tšebelisano ea machaba mabapi le lipakane tsa ts'ebetso.
• Phetoho ea likhetho tsa bareki, ka batho ba bangata ba khethang likoloi tse etelletsang boikarabello ba tikoloho pele, e leng se fellang ka batho ba banyenyane le ba amehileng haholo ka tikoloho ba tsamaisang 'maraka oa likoloi.
• Boqapi bo eketsehileng le nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha bakeng sa ho fumana, ho lokisa, le ho sebelisa thepa e tšoarellang ha ho etsoa likoloi. Mokhoa ona o ka lebisa tsoelopeleng ea mahlale a lintho tse bonahalang, biotechnology le mafapha a mang a amanang.
• Kamohelo e atileng ea thepa e tšoarellang e fokotsang phello ea tikoloho ea indasteri ea likoloi. Mokhoa ona o ka lebisa ho fokotseng mesi, tlhahiso e tlase ea litšila, le ho fokotseha ha lisebelisoa.
• Likhokahano tse eketsehileng tsa phepelo ea lehae bakeng sa ho fokotsa mesi ea lipalangoang le litlamorao tsa tikoloho, e lebisang ho matlafatseng a phepelo ea phepelo le ho fokotsa ho its'etleha ho lisebelisoa tse hlokolosi tsa tikoloho.
• Tšebeliso ea thepa ea moshoelella e matlafatsang seriti sa k'hamphani bakeng sa boikarabello ba khoebo sechabeng, e lebisang ho eketseheng hoa lets'epheho le ts'epo ea bareki. 
• Baetsi ba likoloi ba amohetseng mekhoa e tsitsitseng pejana ba khona ho latela melaoana e mecha le ho qoba likotlo kapa likotlo, ba ba fa monyetla oa tlholisano.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Ke lintho life le lisebelisoa tseo u li batlang koloing?
• Mebuso e ka tsoela pele joang ho khothaletsa baetsi ba likoloi ho fetohela thepa e tšoarellang?