Imithetho yokungathembeki: Imizamo yomhlaba wonke yokukhawulela amandla nomthelela we-Big Tech

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• January 6, 2023

Isikhathi eside, osopolitiki neziphathimandla zezwe bazwakalise ukukhathazeka ngokungathembeki mayelana nokubusa okwandayo kwe-Big Tech, okuhlanganisa amandla ezinkampani okuthonya idatha. Lawa mabhizinisi angaphinda abeke imibandela kwabaqhudelana naye futhi anezimo ezimbili njengabahlanganyeli benkundla nabanikazi. Ukucutshungulwa komhlaba wonke sekuzokhula njengoba i-Big Tech iqhubeka nokuqongelela ithonya elingenakuqhathaniswa.

Umongo wokungathembeki

Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-2000s, umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe kuzo zonke izimakethe zesifunda nezasekhaya uye wanda kakhulu ukubuswa izinkampani ezimbalwa ezinkulu kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, izinqubo zabo zebhizinisi seziqalile ukuba nomthelela emphakathini, hhayi nje ngokwemikhuba yokuthenga, kodwa ohlotsheni lwemibono yomhlaba esakazwa ku-inthanethi kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana. Bake bacatshangelwa izinto ezintsha ezithuthukisa izinga lempilo, abanye manje sebebona imikhiqizo namasevisi e-Big Tech njengobubi obudingekayo obunabaqhudelani abambalwa. Isibonelo, i-Apple yafinyelela inani le-USD $3 trillion ngoJanuwari 2022, yaba inkampani yokuqala ukwenza kanjalo. Kanye ne-Microsoft, i-Google, i-Amazon, kanye ne-Meta, izinkampani ezinhlanu ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zase-US manje zibiza isamba esihlanganisiwe se-USD $10 trillion. 

Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi i-Amazon, i-Apple, i-Meta, ne-Google ibonakala ilawula ukuphila kwabantu kwansuku zonke, babhekene namacala akhulayo, umthetho wezwe/umbuso, isenzo samazwe ngamazwe, nokungathembani emphakathini okuhloselwe ukunqanda amandla abo. Isibonelo, abaphathi be-Biden bango-2022 bahlela ukuphenya ukuhlanganiswa nokutholwa kwesikhathi esizayo esikhaleni njengoba inani lemakethe yobuchwepheshe obukhulu liqhubeka nokukhuphuka. Kube khona inhlangano ekhulayo yama-bipartisan yokuphonsela inselelo lawa ma-titans ngokuhlola nokuqinisa imithetho yokungathembeki. Abenzi bomthetho bakhiqize imithetho eminingana ehlukene kabili eNdlu naseSenethini. Abameli bombuso weRiphabhulikhi neDemokhrasi bajoyine amacala abhekene nalezi zinkampani, bethi ukuziphatha okuphambene nokuncintisana, futhi bafuna ukuthuthukiswa kwezezimali nesakhiwo. Khonamanjalo, i-Federal Trade Commission kanye noMnyango Wezobulungiswa bakulungele ukusebenzisa imithetho eqinile yokungathembeki.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

I-Big tech iyazi ngenani elandayo labamelene nabo abafuna bahlukane, futhi balungele ukusebenzisa i-arsenal egcwele yezinsiza zabo ezingapheli ukuze balwe. Isibonelo, i-Apple, i-Google, nabanye basebenzise u-USD $95 wezigidi ukuze bazame ukumisa umthethosivivinywa ongabavimbela ekuthandeni izinsizakalo zabo. Kusukela ngo-2021, amafemu e-Big Tech abelokhu efuna ngokumelene ne-American Choice and Innovation Act. 

Ngo-2022, i-European Union (EU) yamukela uMthetho Wezinsizakalo Zedijithali kanye noMthetho Wezimakethe Zedijithali. Le mithetho yomibili izobeka imithetho eqinile kuma-tech giants, okuzodingeka ukuthi avimbele abathengi ekufinyeleleni izimpahla ezingekho emthethweni kanye nemikokotelo. Ukwengeza, izinhlawulo ezifinyelela kumaphesenti angu-10 wemali engenayo yonyaka zingakhishwa uma izinkundla zitholwa zinecala lokuvuna imikhiqizo yazo.

Ngaleso sikhathi, iChina ayizange ibe nenkinga yokwephula umkhakha wayo wezobuchwepheshe phakathi kuka-2020-22, nemidondoshiya efana no-Ali Baba noTencent bezwa amandla aphelele emithetho yaseBeijing yokungathembeki. Ukuqhekeka kuholele ekutheni abatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe bathengise amasheya obuchwepheshe baseShayina ngobuningi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abahlaziyi babheka lokhu kwehla kwemithetho njengokuhle ngokuncintisana kwesikhathi eside komkhakha wezobuchwepheshe waseChina. 

Imithelela yomthetho wokungathembeki

Imithelela ebanzi yomthetho wokungathembeki ingabandakanya: 

• Abenzi benqubomgomo base-US babhekene nezinselelo ekuhlukaniseni i-Big Tech njengoba ingekho imithetho eyanele ekhona yokuvimbela ukuncintisana okungaqondile.
• I-EU kanye ne-Europe zihola impi emelene neziqhwaga zobuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke ngokwakha nokusebenzisa imithetho eminingi yokungathembeki kanye nokwandisa ukuvikelwa kwabathengi. Le mithetho izoba nomthelela ngokungaqondile ekusebenzeni kwezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezizinze e-US.
• I-China ithuthukisa ukuwohloka kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa imboni yayo yezobuchwepheshe ingase ingaphinde ifane, okuhlanganisa nokuzuza inani lemakethe elifanayo eyake yaba nalo.
• I-Big Tech iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali ngokunamandla kubasekeli abamelene nezikweletu ezingakhawulela amasu abo ezomnotho, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni okwengeziwe.
• Ukuqalisa okuthembisayo okwengeziwe okutholwa amafemu amakhulu ukuze kufakwe izinto ezintsha zawo ezinhlelweni ezikhona ze-Big Tech. Le nkambiso eqhubekayo izoncika empumelelweni yomthetho wasekhaya wokungathembeki kanye nokubusa ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Ingabe izinsizakalo ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe nemikhiqizo zikulawule kanjani ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke?
• Yini enye ohulumeni abangayenza ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obukhulu abuwasebenzisi kabi amandla abo?