Ama-Microgrid: Isixazululo esimeme senza amagridi kagesi akwazi ukuqina

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• January 15, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ama-Microgrid, izixazululo zamandla ahlukanisiwe ezisebenzela imiphakathi emincane noma izakhiwo, zinikeza indlela eya emandleni esimeme, aguquguqukayo, futhi afinyelelekayo. Ukwamukelwa kwabo kungaholela ekongeni izindleko ezibalulekile kanye nokwanda kokuphepha kwamandla kubathengi, imithombo yamandla ethembeke kakhudlwana yamabhizinisi, kanye nokwehliswa kokuthembela kukaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi kohulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithelela ebanzi yama-microgrid ingabandakanya izinguquko esidingweni somsebenzi, ukuhlela amadolobha, umthetho, amanani kagesi, kanye nempilo yomphakathi.

Umongo we-Microgrid

Ama-Microgrid anamandla okuba isixazululo esisabalalisiwe, esizisekelayo lapho ama-microgrid athile esebenzela umphakathi omncane, idolobha, noma ibhilidi elingakwazi ukuthembela kugridi kagesi kazwelonke noma yesifunda noma engenakho ukufinyelela okwanele kuwo. Uma esesunguliwe, ama-microgrid angaba namandla okwenza izixazululo zamandla eziqhubekayo, eziguquguqukayo, nezifinyelelekayo. 

Isidingo sokushintshela emithonjeni yamandla e-carbon-neutral sesiphenduke umgomo oyinhloko futhi owamukelwa kabanzi ngohulumeni namabhizinisi emhlabeni jikelele. Kanjalo, izixazululo zendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla akhiqizwe ezintweni ezivuselelekayo asatshalaliswa kahle njengezinga eliyisisekelo—emakhaya, amanyuvesi, namabhizinisi, njll—ziwukhiye. Amazwe amaningana e-US, Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, kanye ne-Asia asevele enze izifundo zokuthi ama-microgrid angasebenza kanjani nalapho kungadalwa khona ukusebenza kahle.

Ngokombiko wenkampani yezinhlelo zamandla ezinze e-Netherlands, kubalulekile ukuthi, njengomphakathi, siguqule umnotho wethu osekelwe kukhabhoni ube oyisiyingi, osekelwe ngokuvuselelekayo. Kulo mbiko, oxhaswe nguhulumeni wase-Dutch, i-Metabolic ihlole amandla e-Smart Integrated Decentralized Energy, eyaziwa nangokuthi ama-SIDE systems. Lezi zinhlelo ziyisethi engaphansi eqhubekayo futhi eguquguqukayo yama-microgrid angasiza ekuguqukeleni ekwamukelweni kwamandla avuselelekayo. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Kubathengi, ikhono lokukhiqiza nokuphatha ukunikezwa kwamandla abo kungaholela ekongeni kwezindleko ezinkulu kanye nokwenyuka kokuphepha kwamandla. Lesi sici singaba yinzuzo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude noma zasemakhaya lapho ukufinyelela kugridi yamandla amakhulu kunqunyelwe noma kungathembeki. Ekusunguleni izinqubo ezimbalwa ezingcono kakhulu zokuthi uhlelo lwe-SIDE lungasebenza kanjani, umbiko we-Metabolic wathola ukuthi esimweni esihle kakhulu sezimo zayo ezine, umphumela ungaba uhlelo olunokwenzeka ngokwezomnotho olucishe lukwazi ukuzimela ngokuphelele (amaphesenti angama-89) .

Emabhizinisini, ukwamukelwa kwama-microgrid kungahlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa futhi osebenza kahle, wehlise ingcuphe yokunqamuka kukagesi kanye nezindleko ezihambisanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungavumela amabhizinisi ukuthi alawule kangcono ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwamandla, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwekhabhoni yawo. Lesi sici singakhanga ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi afuna ukuthuthukisa iziqinisekiso zawo zemvelo futhi ahlangabezane nemigomo eqinile yokusimama.

Ezingeni likahulumeni, ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwama-microgrid kungasiza ekwehliseni ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi kube negalelo ekuguqukeleni ohlelweni lwamandla oluzinzile futhi oluqinile. Lelisu lingaphinde ligqugquzele ukukhula komnotho ngokudala amathuba emisebenzi emisha emkhakheni wezamandla avuselelekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungasiza ohulumeni ukuthi bahlangabezane nezibopho zabo zokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi bathuthukise ukutholakala kukagesi ezakhamuzini zabo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude noma ezinganakiwe.

Imiphumela ye-microgrids

Imithelela ebanzi yama-microgrid ingafaka:

• Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sabasebenzi abanamakhono kubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo.
• Imiphakathi iba abakhiqizi bamandla hhayi nje abathengi, okugqugquzela umuzwa wobunikazi nokuzimela.
• Ukuncipha kwengcindezi kumagridi kagesi kazwelonke okuholela ekunqanyulweni kukagesi okumbalwa kanye nokuphepha kukagesi okuthuthukisiwe.
• Ushintsho ekuhleleni amadolobha, ngokuklanywa kwezakhiwo nemiphakathi ngokuya ngokuya ihlanganisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo kanye nobuchwepheshe begridi encane.
• Imithetho emisha nemithethonqubo njengoba ohulumeni befuna ukuphatha lolu hlobo olusha lokukhiqiza nokusabalalisa amandla.
• Ushintsho ezindlekweni zamandla njengoba izindleko zamandla avuselelekayo ziqhubeka nokwehla futhi ziba nokuncintisana kakhulu nemithombo yamandla evamile.
• Ukulingana okukhulu kwamandla, nemiphakathi ekude noma enganakiwe ethola ukufinyelela okuthuthukisiwe kwamandla athembekile futhi athengekayo.
• Abantu baqaphela kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwamandla kanye nomthelela wawo endaweni ezungezile.
• Ukuncipha ezindabeni zezempilo ezihlobene nokungcoliswa komoya njengoba ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla kuncipha.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ama-microgrid angasiza ekwamukelweni kwengqalasizinda yamandla avuselelekayo esimeme futhi eguquguqukayo? 
• Ingabe ukufaka isistimu ye-SIDE noma olunye uhlobo lwesistimu yegridi encane kungathuthukisa ukusimama kwenethiwekhi yamandla edolobheni lakho, idolobhana, noma umphakathi?