Ukwelashwa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana: Ingabe lena indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola iseluleko sezempilo yengqondo?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• June 29, 2023

Amaphuzu avelele okuqonda

Ukusabalala kwezinselelo zempilo yengqondo entsheni, okuthinta eyodwa kweziyisikhombisa ngokusho kwedatha ye-WHO kusuka ngo-2021, kuxhumene nokuduma kwenkundla yezokuxhumana iTikTok, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabasebenzisi beGen Z abaneminyaka eyi-10-29. I-algorithm ye-TikTok, ekwazi ukwamukela izintshisekelo zabasebenzisi, isize ukwakhiwa komphakathi wezempilo yengqondo, lapho abasebenzisi babelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu futhi bathole ukwesekwa kontanga. Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo nabo basebenzise inkundla ukuze bafinyelele izethameli eziningi, besebenzisa amavidiyo ahehayo ukuze baphendule imibuzo mayelana nengcindezi, ukuhlukumezeka, nokwelashwa, futhi baphakamise izindlela ezinempilo zokukhuluma ngokomzwelo. 

Ingqikithi yokwelashwa kwe-TikTok

Ngokolwazi oluvela ku-World Health Organization, izinselele zempilo yengqondo zithinte ingane eyodwa kweyisikhombisa eneminyaka engu-10-19 ngo-2021. Leli qembu liyingxenye enkulu yabasebenzisi benkundla yezokuxhumana ezinze e-China i-TikTok; cishe uhhafu wabo bonke abasebenzisi abasebenzayo baphakathi kweminyaka engu-10-29 ubudala. Ukwamukelwa kukaGen Z kweTikTok kudlula lokho kwe-Instagram ne-Snapchat. 

Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza i-TikTok idume entsheni i-algorithm yayo, enhle kakhulu ekuqondeni abasebenzisi nalokho abakuthandayo, okubavumela ukuthi bahlole izinto abazithandayo futhi baqinise ubunikazi babo. Kubasebenzisi abaningi, enye yalezi zintshisekelo impilo yengqondo—ikakhulukazi, ulwazi lwabo siqu ngayo. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe kanye nezindaba kudala umphakathi wokwesekwa kontanga ongazuzisa bonke abahililekile.

Kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo, i-TikTok isiphenduke inkundla enhle yokuqondisa abantu abakhathazekile. Laba belaphi basebenzisa amavidiyo ahlekisayo anomculo we-pop nemidanso ukuze baphendule imibuzo mayelana nengcindezi, ukuhlukumezeka, nokwelashwa, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngohlu lwezindlela zokuveza imizwa ngendlela enempilo. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Yize izinkundla zokuxhumana zivame ukuba yinkundla edukisayo, u-Evan Lieberman, usonhlalakahle onelayisensi enabalandeli be-TikTok abayisigidi esingu-1 (2022), ukholelwa ukuthi izinzuzo zokuxoxa ngokuqwashisa ngempilo yengqondo zidlula noma yiziphi izinto ezingezinhle ezingaba khona. Isibonelo, uPeter Wallerich-Neils, okutholwe ukuthi une-attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), usebenzisa ikhasi lakhe ukuxoxa ngesimo sakhe nabalandeli bakhe abangaphezu kuka-484,000 (2022), esakaza ukuqwashisa nokuqonda ngezinselele zempilo yengqondo.

Ngo-2022, uWallerich-Neils wathi abantu abanomuzwa wokuthi badonsa kanzima bodwa bangathola induduzo ngokwazi ukuthi abanye babhekana nokufana. Njengabantu abaningi ekuqaleni kobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, wasebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana ukuxhumana nabantu ngesikhathi sokuvalwa. Ngo-2020, waqala ukuthumela amavidiyo ku-TikTok mayelana nendlela ukuxilongwa kwakhe kwe-ADHD kube nomthelela ngayo ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zempilo yakhe futhi wathola ukuqinisekiswa ngabahlaziyi abaxhumana naye.

UDkt. Kojo Sarfo, umhlengikazi wezempilo yengqondo kanye nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esinabalandeli abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2.3 (2022), ucabanga ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza ludala imiphakathi ebonakalayo lapho abantu abanezimo zempilo yengqondo bengazizwa sengathi bangabo. Lokhu kuxhumana kubalulekile emaqenjini abantu lapho ukugula ngengqondo kungavamile ukukhulunywa ngakho noma kucatshangwa njengokungamukeleki.

Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi abasebenzisi kusafanele baqhube ngokucophelela ngolwazi abaluthola kuhlelo lokusebenza. Nakuba ukubuka amavidiyo okwelapha kungaba isinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile ekufuneni usizo lochwepheshe, kuhlale kuwumthwalo wemfanelo womsebenzisi ukuthi acwaninge kabanzi futhi ahlole “iseluleko” abasitholayo.

Imiphumela yokwelashwa kwe-TikTok

Imithelela ebanzi yokwelashwa kwe-TikTok ingafaka: 

• Ukwanda “kwabelaphi” abangabakhwabanisi abakha ama-akhawunti futhi baqongelela abalandeli, besizakala ngezithameli ezincane, okuholela ekwandeni kolwazi olunganembile mayelana nempilo yengqondo.
• Ochwepheshe bezempilo abengeziwe abasungula ama-akhawunti ezinkundla zokuxhumana njengochwepheshe bezihloko ukuze bafundise futhi bakhe amabhizinisi abo.
• Abantu abaningi abafuna usizo lochwepheshe kanye nokwelulekwa ngenxa yokuxhumana nabelaphi abanelayisensi nontanga.
• Ama-algorithms e-TikTok anesandla ekuwohlokeni kwempilo yengqondo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabadali abacindezelwe ukuthi baqhubeke nokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe okufanele.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Iziphi ezinye izindlela ukwelashwa kwe-TikTok okungaba yingozi kuzo ababukeli (okungukuthi, ukuzihlola)? 
• Yimiphi eminye imikhawulo engaba khona yokuthembela ku-TikTok ukuthola izeluleko zempilo yengqondo?