Umkhakha wezokwelapha wokuphrinta we-3D: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukwelashwa kwesiguli

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Umkhakha wezokwelapha wokuphrinta we-3D: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukwelashwa kwesiguli

Umkhakha wezokwelapha wokuphrinta we-3D: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukwelashwa kwesiguli

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Ukuphrinta kwe-3D emkhakheni wezokwelapha kungaholela ekwelashweni okusheshayo, okushibhile, nokwenziwe ngokwezifiso kweziguli
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • January 6, 2022

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    Ukuphrinta kwe-Three-Dimensional (3D) kuvele ezimeni zakhona zokusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezobunjiniyela nokukhiqiza ukuze kutholwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile emikhakheni yokudla, i-aerospace, kanye nezempilo. Ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, kunikeza amandla okuhlela nokuqeqeshwa kokuhlinzwa okuthuthukisiwe ngamamodeli ezitho ezithile zesiguli, ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yokuhlinzwa kanye nemfundo yezokwelapha. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi yomuntu siqu kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta kwe-3D kungase kuguqule ukugunyazwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa endaweni yokokusebenza kwezokwelapha kungase kunciphise izindleko futhi kukhuphule ukusebenza kahle, kuzuzise izindawo ezingagcinwanga kahle. 

    Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kumongo womkhakha wezokwelapha 

    Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kuyindlela yokukhiqiza engakha izinto ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ngokwendlalela izinto zokusetshenziswa ndawonye. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, ubuchwepheshe buye basungula izinto ezintsha ezingaphezu kwamacala okusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezobunjiniyela nokukhiqiza futhi sebufudukele kuhlelo lokusebenza oluwusizo ngokulinganayo emikhakheni yokudla, i-aerospace, kanye nezempilo. Izibhedlela namalebhu ocwaningo lwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi, ahlola ukusetshenziswa kwenoveli kobuchwepheshe be-3D ngezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ukulimala ngokomzimba nokushintshwa kwezitho zomzimba.

    Ngawo-1990s, ukuphrinta kwe-3D kwaqale kwasetshenziswa emkhakheni wezokwelapha ukufakwa kwamazinyo kanye nezitho zokwenziwa ze-bespoke. Ngawo-2010, ososayensi ekugcineni bakwazi ukukhiqiza izitho ezivela kumaseli eziguli futhi bazisekele ngohlaka oluphrintiwe lwe-3D. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezitho eziyinkimbinkimbi, odokotela baqala ukwakha izinso ezincane ezisebenzayo ngaphandle kwesikafula esiphrintiwe se-3D. 

    Ngaphambili kwe-prosthetic, ukuphrinta kwe-3D kungakhiqiza imiphumela evumelaniswe nesimo somzimba wesiguli ngoba akudingi isikhunta noma izingcezu ezimbalwa zemishini ekhethekile. Ngokufanayo, imiklamo ye-3D ingashintshwa ngokushesha. Ukufakelwa kwe-cranial, ukushintshwa okuhlangene, nokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo kuyizibonelo ezimbalwa. Ngenkathi ezinye izinkampani ezinkulu zidala futhi zimaketha lezi zinto, ukukhiqiza indawo yokunakekela kusebenzisa izinga eliphezulu lokwenza ngokwezifiso ekunakekelweni kweziguli.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ikhono lokudala amamodeli aqondene nesiguli ezitho zomzimba nezitho zomzimba lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuhlela nokuqeqeshwa kokuhlinzwa. Odokotela abahlinzayo bangasebenzisa la mamodeli ukuze benze izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, banciphise ingozi yezinkinga phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa mamodeli angasebenza njengamathuluzi okufundisa, anikeze abafundi bezokwelapha indlela yokufunda yokwakheka komuntu kanye namasu okuhlinza.

    Kwezemithi, ukuphrinta kwe-3D kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwemithi yomuntu siqu. Lobu buchwepheshe bungavumela ukukhiqizwa kwamaphilisi enzelwe izidingo ezithile zomuntu, njengokuhlanganisa imithi eminingi ibe iphilisi elilodwa noma ukulungisa umthamo ngokusekelwe kumzimba wesiguli oyingqayizivele. Leli zinga lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo lingase lithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kanye nokuthobela isiguli, okungase kuguqule indlela imithi enqunywa ngayo futhi isetshenziswe ngayo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzodinga ukulawulwa ngokucophelela kanye nokwengamela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo.

    Ukuhlanganiswa kokuphrinta kwe-3D emkhakheni wezokwelapha kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezomnotho nenqubomgomo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Amandla okukhiqiza imishini yezokwelapha kanye nempahla esizeni kunganciphisa ukuncika kubahlinzeki bangaphandle, okungase kuholele ekongeni izindleko kanye nokusebenza kahle okwandisiwe. Lokhu kungaba yinzuzo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude noma ezinganakiwe, lapho ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zezokwelapha kungaba inselele. Ohulumeni nezinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungase kudingeke ukuthi bacabangele lezi zinzuzo ezingaba khona lapho benza izinqubomgomo namasu okulethwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo esikhathini esizayo.

    Imithelela yokuphrinta kwe-3D emkhakheni wezokwelapha

    Imithelela ebanzi yokuphrinta kwe-3D emkhakheni wezokwelapha ingabandakanya:

    • Ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kwezimila kanye nama-prosthetics ashibhile, ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi aklanyelwe isiguli ngasinye. 
    • Ukuqeqeshwa kwabafundi bezokwelapha okuthuthukisiwe ngokuvumela izitshudeni ukuthi zijwayeze ukuhlinza ngezitho eziphrintiwe ze-3D.
    • Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa okuthuthukisiwe ngokuvumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi bahlinze ngezitho eziphrintiwe ze-3D zeziguli abazobe bezihlinza.
    • Ukususwa kwezikhathi zokulinda ezinwetshiwe zokushintshwa kwesitho njengoba amaphrinta eselula e-3D ezuza amandla okukhipha izitho ezisebenzayo (2040s). 
    • Ukuqedwa kokwenziwa okuningi njengamaphrinta eselula e-3D athola amandla okukhipha izandla ezishintshayo ezisebenzayo, izingalo, nemilenze (2050s). 
    • Ukwenyuka kokufinyeleleka kuma-prosthetics omuntu siqu kanye nemishini yezokwelapha enika amandla abantu abakhubazekile, ukukhuthaza ukubandakanywa kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yabo.
    • Izinhlaka zokulawula namazinga okuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusetshenziswa okunezimiso zokuphrinta kwe-3D ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, okwenza kube nebhalansi phakathi kokukhuthaza ukuqamba okusha nokuvikela inhlalakahle yesiguli.
    • Izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zezinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nobudala, njengokufakwa kwamathambo, ukubuyiselwa kwamazinyo, nezinsiza zokusiza, ukubhekana nezidingo ezithile zabantu abadala.
    • Amathuba emisebenzi kubunjiniyela be-biomedical, idizayini yedijithali, nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D.
    • Ukwehliswa kokumosha nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwempahla, ukunciphisa isidingo sokukhiqiza okukhulu kanye nokunika amandla ukukhiqizwa okudingekayo.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kungasetshenziswa kanjani futhi ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yezempilo?
    • Imaphi amanye amazinga okuphepha okufanele abalawuli bawasebenzise ekuphenduleni ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kokuphrinta kwe-3D emkhakheni wezokwelapha?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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