Amadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto: Ukuthuthukisa ezokuthutha ezindaweni zasemadolobheni

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 1, 2023

Amadolobha ahlakaniphile ayizindawo zasemadolobheni ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yezakhamuzi zawo, futhi indawo eyodwa lapho lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa khona kakhulu ezokuthutha. Lawa madolobha athuthukile alungiselelwa izimoto ngezindlela ezimbalwa, futhi okuphambene nalokho, njengoba izimoto ezizimele nezixhunyiwe ziba ngokoqobo.

Amadolobha ahlakaniphile omongo wezimoto 

Njengoba amadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto ezizimele ziqhubeka nokuvela, kungenzeka kube khona ukushintshela ohlelweni lwezokuthutha oluzinzile futhi olusebenza kahle. Lo mkhuba ungase unciphise inani lezimoto zomuntu siqu emgwaqeni futhi ukhuthaze ukuthembela kakhulu ezintweni zokuhamba okwabelwana ngazo kanye nezomphakathi. Kungase futhi kwehlise inani lezingozi nokulimala, kwenze amadolobha aphephe kakhudlwana. 

Sekuvele kunezibonelo ezimbalwa zamadolobha ahlakaniphile amukela ubudlelwano phakathi kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Singapore, uhulumeni utshale imali eningi kubuchwepheshe bezimoto ezizimele futhi waqala ukuhambisa imizila yamabhasi ezimele ngo-2021. E-US, isifunda sase-Arizona naso besihamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto ezizimele, nezinkampani ezimbalwa ezihlola ukuzishayela. izimoto emigwaqweni yakhona.

Enye indlela amadolobha ahlakaniphile alungiselelwa ngayo izimoto ukusebenzisa ingqalasizinda exhunyiwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT). Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwezinzwa nobunye ubuchwepheshe obungakwazi ukuxhumana nezimoto emgwaqeni, ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nezimo zethrafikhi, ukuvalwa kwemigwaqo, nolunye ulwazi olubalulekile. Lesi sici sivumela izimoto ukuthi zithuthukise imizila yazo futhi zigweme ukuminyana, zithuthukise ukugeleza okuphelele kwethrafikhi kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. NgoNovemba 2020, i-US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) yamukela imithetho emisha yokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezimoto ngokugcina ingxenye yomsakazo we-Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) amasevisi futhi iqoke i-Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) njenge izinga lobuchwepheshe kwezokuthutha okuhlobene nokuphepha kanye nokuxhumana kwezimoto. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo 

Amasignali ethrafikhi ahlakaniphile akwazi ukuxhumana nezimoto angathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokujwayela amaphethini omgwaqo futhi asuse isidingo sezinzwa ezibizayo eziseceleni komgwaqo. Izimoto zamasevisi ezimo eziphuthumayo nabaphenduli bokuqala nabo bangazuza kubuchwepheshe be-C-V2X, obungabavumela ukuthi basule umzila phakathi kwethrafikhi futhi baphendule ezimeni eziphuthumayo ngokuphumelelayo. Amadolobha ahlakaniphile ayashintshashintsha futhi abandakanya bonke abasebenzisi bomgwaqo, okuhlanganisa abahamba ngezinyawo nezimoto. 

Kodwa-ke, inselele enkulu ekusebenziseni ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity. Isixazululo esingaba khona i-cryptography yokhiye womphakathi, ovumela izimoto ukuthi ziqinisekisane futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi amasiginali atholakele ayiqiniso. Ukuvikeleka emotweni nakho kuzoba yinto ekhathazayo, njengoba izimoto zesimanje ziqukethe izingxenye ezihlinzekwa abahlinzeki abaningi, futhi inethiwekhi yezokuxhumana ezimotweni ayinazo izindlela zokuphepha ngenxa yokucatshangelwa kwezindleko. Ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha okukhulunywa ngayo, okuhlanganisa ukubethela kanye nokuqinisekisa ulwazi, kubalulekile futhi ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ezokuthutha zomphakathi aziphazanyiswa. 

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa okungenazihibe kokubambisana kwedivayisi yezokuthutha ehlakaniphile, ohulumeni cishe bazosebenzisa imithetho yokwengamela intuthuko kulesi sikhala. Isibonelo, ngo-2017, i-Germany yaphasisa umthetho ovumela ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokushayela ezizenzakalelayo futhi ovumela abashayeli ukuthi baphambukise ukunaka kwabo kuthrafikhi. NgoMashi 2021, uhulumeni wenza isiphakamiso somthethosivivinywa omusha ophathelene nokushayela uzimele, okugxilwe kakhulu ekusebenzeni okukhulu kwezithuthuthu ezizimele ngokuphelele emigwaqweni yomphakathi ezindaweni ezikhonjwe ngokucacile. 

Imithelela yamadolobha ahlakaniphile ezimotweni 

Imithelela ebanzi yamadolobha ahlakaniphile ezimotweni ingafaka:

• Ukugeleza kwethrafikhi okungcono kakhulu, okunganciphisa ukuminyana nezingozi, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukonke. Ezingeni labantu, izakhamuzi ngazinye zingasebenzisa isikhathi sazo sokuthutha esilondoloziwe ukuze zibheke ezinye izinjongo.
• Amadolobha ahlakaniphile kanye nezimoto ezizimele ezisebenzisana ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhipha umoya, okuholela ohlelweni lwezokuthutha oluzinzile.
• Izimoto ezizimele ezihlinzeka ngezinketho zokuhamba ezifinyeleleka kalula kubantu abakhubazekile kanye nasebekhulile, ezingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwawo wonke amalungu omphakathi.
• Amadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto ezizimele ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu ledatha engasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukuhlela ezokuthutha, idizayini yedolobha, nezinye izici zokuphathwa kwedolobha.
• Ukwanda kwezehlakalo zokugetshengwa kwe-inthanethi kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto ukuze kuphazamiseke izinsiza ezibalulekile noma kufinyelelwe olwazini olubucayi.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Yiziphi ezinye izibonelo zamaphrojekthi edolobha ahlakaniphile endaweni yakini athuthukise ukuhamba nokufinyeleleka kwabo bonke abasebenzisi bomgwaqo?
• Lokhu kusebenzisana phakathi kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile nezimoto ezizimele kungayenza kanjani impilo ibe lula kubahlali basemadolobheni?