I-in vitro gametogenesis: Ukudala ama-gamete asuka kumaseli we-stem

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I-in vitro gametogenesis: Ukudala ama-gamete asuka kumaseli we-stem

I-in vitro gametogenesis: Ukudala ama-gamete asuka kumaseli we-stem

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Umbono okhona wokuba umzali wemvelo ungase ushintshe unomphela.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • Mashi 14, 2023

    Ukuhlela kabusha amangqamuzana angazalani abe awazalayo kungasiza abantu abanenkinga yokungabi nabantwana. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kunganikeza indlela entsha ezinhlotsheni ezivamile zokukhiqiza futhi kwandise incazelo yobuzali. Ukwengeza, le mpumelelo yesayensi yesikhathi esizayo ingase iphakamise imibuzo yezimiso zokuziphatha mayelana nemithelela kanye nomthelela wayo emphakathini.

    In vitro gametogenesis umongo

    I-In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) iyindlela lapho ama-stem cells ahlelwa kabusha ukuze akhe ama-gamete okuzala, akhe amaqanda nezidoda ngamaseli e-somatic (angazalanisi). Abacwaningi benze ngempumelelo ukuguqulwa kumaseli wamagundane futhi bakhiqiza inzalo ngo-2014. Lokhu kutholakala kuvule iminyango yokuba umzali wobulili obufanayo, lapho bobabili abantu behlobene ngokwemvelo nenzalo. 

    Endabeni yabalingani ababili abanomzimba wesifazane, ama-stem cells akhishwe kowesifazane oyedwa azoguqulwa abe isidoda futhi ahlanganiswe neqanda elithathwe ngokwemvelo komunye umlingani. Umbungu ovelayo ube usufakwa esibelethweni somlingani oyedwa. Inqubo efanayo izokwenziwa kwabesilisa, kodwa bayodinga umuntu ombelethile ukuze athwale umbungu kuze kufike izibeletho zokwenziwa. Uma iphumelele, le nqubo izovumela abantu abangabodwa, abangavundile, abangemva kokuya esikhathini ukuthi bakhulelwe futhi, kuze kufike ekutheni kube nomzali ophindaphindekayo.        

    Yize abacwaningi bekholelwa ukuthi lo mkhuba ungasebenza ngempumelelo kubantu, izinkinga ezithile zebhayoloji kusamele zixazululwe. Kubantu, amaqanda akhula ngaphakathi kwama-follicle ayinkimbinkimbi asekela ukukhula kwawo, futhi kunzima ukuwaphindaphinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umbungu womuntu udalwe ngempumelelo kusetshenziswa le nqubo, ukukhula kwawo ekubeni umntwana nokuziphatha komuntu okuwumphumela kuyodingeka kuqashelwe kukho konke ukuphila kwawo. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa i-IVG ekuvundiseni ngempumelelo kungase kube kude kunalokho kubonakala. Kodwa-ke, nakuba inqubo ingajwayelekile, izazi zezimiso zokuziphatha aziboni kulimala enqubweni ngokwayo.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo 

    Imibhangqwana okungenzeka yayinenkinga yokuzala ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo, njengokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, manje ingase ikwazi ukuthola abantwana kamuva ekuphileni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-IVG, ukuba ngumzali wemvelo ngeke kukhawulelwe kwabashadile abathandana nobulili obuhlukile kuphela, njengoba abantu abahlonza njengengxenye yomphakathi we-LGBTQ+ manje sebengase babe nezinketho eziningi zokukhiqiza kabusha. Le ntuthuko yobuchwepheshe bokuzala ingaba nomthelela omkhulu endleleni imindeni eyakhiwe ngayo.

    Nakuba ubuchwepheshe be-IVG bungase buveze indlela entsha, ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha kungase kuphakanyiswe mayelana nemithelela yayo. Okunye okukhathazayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu athuthuke. Nge-IVG, ukunikezwa okungapheli kwama-gametes nemibungu kungakhiqizwa, okuvumela ukukhethwa kwezimpawu noma izici ezithile. Lo mkhuba ungase uphumele esikhathini esizayo lapho abantu abangonjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo bavame kakhulu (futhi bayakhethwa).

    Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-IVG nakho kungaphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokubhujiswa kwemibungu. Amathuba ezinqubo ezingagunyaziwe, njengokulima umbungu, angavela. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungaphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwesimilo mayelana nesimo sokuziphatha semibungu kanye nokuphathwa kwayo njengemikhiqizo "elahlwayo". Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sezinkombandlela nezinqubomgomo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-IVG bungaphakathi kwemingcele yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha.

    Imithelela ye-in vitro gametogenesis

    Imithelela ebanzi ye-IVG ingafaka:

    • Izinkinga eziningi ekukhulelweni njengoba abesifazane bekhetha ukukhulelwa lapho sebekhulile.
    • Imindeni eminingi enabazali bobulili obufanayo.
    • Ukwehliswa kwesidingo samaqanda abanikeli nesidoda njengoba abantu bengakhiqiza ama-gamete abo elebhu.
    • Abacwaningi bakwazi ukuhlela nokuphatha izakhi zofuzo ngezindlela ebezingenakwenzeka ngaphambili, okuholela entuthukweni enkulu ekwelapheni izifo zofuzo nezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
    • Izinguquko zezibalo zabantu, njengoba abantu bengase bakwazi ukuthola abantwana eminyakeni yakamuva, futhi inani lezingane ezizalwa zinezinkinga zofuzo liyancipha.
    • Ukukhathazeka okuphathelene nezimiso eziphathelene nezindaba ezifana nezingane eziklamayo, ama-eugenics, kanye nokuguqulwa kwempilo.
    • Ukuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe be-IVG okuholela ezinguqukweni ezibalulekile emnothweni, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye ne-biotech.
    • Uhlelo lwezomthetho olubhekene nezindaba ezinjengobunikazi bempahla yofuzo, amalungelo abazali, namalungelo anoma yiziphi izingane eziba umphumela.
    • Izinguquko esimweni somsebenzi nokuqashwa, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, abangase babe nokuguquguquka okwengeziwe mayelana nokuzala.
    • Izinguquko eziphawulekayo ezinkambisweni zenhlalo yomphakathi kanye nesimo sengqondo ngakubazali, umndeni, kanye nokuzala. 

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi umzali ongayedwa uzothandwa ngenxa ye-IVG? 
    • Imindeni ingashintsha kanjani unomphela ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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