Imboni yamandla omoya ibhekana nenkinga yayo yemfucuza

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• January 18, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Imboni yamandla omoya ithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokubuyisela kabusha ama-wind turbine blades, ukubhekana nezinselelo zokulawulwa kwemfucuza. I-Vestas, ngokubambisana nezimboni kanye nabaholi bezemfundo, ithuthukise inqubo yokuhlukanisa izinhlanganisela ze-thermoset zibe izinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha, ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wamandla omoya. Lokhu kusungula akugcini nje ngokufaka isandla emnothweni oyindilinga kodwa futhi kunamandla okunciphisa izindleko, ukuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali, ukudala amathuba emisebenzi emisha, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuhlelwa kwamadolobha okusimeme ngokuhlenga kabusha ama-turbine blade abe nengqalasizinda.

Umongo wokusebenzisa kabusha amandla omoya

Imboni yamandla omoya ithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha ama-wind turbine blades. Nakuba amandla omoya enegalelo elikhulu ekukhiqizeni amandla aluhlaza, izinjini zomoya ngokwazo zinezinselelo zazo zokugaywa kabusha kanye nokulawulwa kwemfucuza. Ngenhlanhla, izinkampani ezifana neVestas, yaseDenmark, zenze ubuchwepheshe obusha obuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukugaywa kabusha ama-wind turbine blade.

Ama-wind turbine blades ajwayelekile enziwe ngezingqimba ze-fiberglass kanye nokhuni lwe-balsa oluhlanganiswe ne-epoxy thermoset resin. Ama-blade avelayo amele amaphesenti angu-15 enjini yomoya engakwazi ukugaywa kabusha futhi ingase igcine iwudoti ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza. I-Vestas, ngokubambisana nezimboni nabaholi bezemfundo, ithuthukise inqubo lapho izinhlanganisela ze-thermoset zihlukaniswa zibe fibre kanye ne-epoxy. Ngenye inqubo, i-epoxy ihlukaniswa ngokuqhubekayo ibe into engasetshenziswa ukwenza ama- turbine blades amasha.

Ngokwesiko, ukushisa kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izendlalelo kanye nokwenza umumo olungile ukuze izindwani zisebenze kahle. Enye yezinqubo ezintsha ezisathuthukiswayo njengamanje isebenzisa inhlaka ye-thermoplastic ekwazi ukulolongwa futhi iqiniswe ezingeni lokushisa elivamile. Lawa ma-blades angaphinde asetshenziswe ngokuwancibilikisa futhi awabumbe kabusha abe ama-blade amasha. Imboni yomoya e-US iphinde ibheke ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphinda kusetshenziswe izindwani ezisetshenzisiwe.

Umthelela ophazamisayo 

Ngokuphambukisa lezi zakhiwo ezinkulu ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, singehlisa ngokuphawulekayo indawo ezungezile yomkhakha wamandla omoya. Le ndlela ihambisana nomgomo obanzi womhlaba wonke obheke emnothweni oyindilinga, lapho udoti uncishiswa khona futhi izinsiza zigcinwa zisetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuvuselela kabusha ingadala amathuba emisebenzi emisha emkhakheni wezamandla aluhlaza, okunomthelela ekukhuleni komnotho kanye nentuthuko esimeme.

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko okungaba khona ekukhiqizweni kwamandla omoya ngokusebenzisa ama-blade agaywe kabusha kungenza lolu hlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo luhehe ngokwezimali. Lesi simo singaholela ekwenyukeni kokutshalwa kwezimali kumandla omoya, kokubili ogwini naphesheya kwezilwandle, kusheshise ukushintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo. Izindleko eziphansi zingenza futhi amandla omoya ukuthi afinyeleleke kalula emiphakathini nasemazweni abekade engakwazi ukukhokhela utshalomali lokuqala, ngaleyo ndlela enze intando yeningi ukufinyelela kumandla ahlanzekile.

Ukuphinda kwenziwe kabusha ama-turbine blade asetshenzisiwe abe yingqalasizinda, njengamabhuloho abahamba ngezinyawo, izindawo zokukhosela zezitobhi zamabhasi, kanye nempahla yenkundla yokudlala, kunikeza ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuhlela amadolobha ngobuciko. Lo mkhuba ungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zomphakathi ezihlukile, ezilungele imvelo ezisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuzinikela kwethu ekuphileni okusimeme. Kohulumeni, lokhu kungaba yindlela yokuhlangabezana nemigomo yezemvelo kuyilapho futhi kuhlinzekwa izinsiza zomphakathi. 

Imithelela yokugaywa kabusha kwamandla omoya

Imithelela ebanzi yobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa kabusha amandla omoya ingase ihlanganise:

• Udoti oncishisiwe embonini yamandla omoya.
• Ama-blade enjini yomoya amasha avela kwakudala, okonga izindleko embonini yomoya.
• Ukusiza ekuxazululeni izinselele zokugaywa kabusha kwezinye izimboni ezisebenzisa izinhlanganisela ze-thermoset ezinqubweni zazo zokukhiqiza, ezifana nokundiza nokuhamba ngesikebhe.
• Izakhiwo ezivela kuma-blades asetshenziswe kabusha njengamabhentshi epaki kanye nempahla yenkundla yokudlala.
• Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ezinqubweni zokugaywa kabusha kwenjini yomoya, ukushayela ukuqanjwa kabusha kanye nokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezisimeme zokulawulwa kwemfucuza.
• Ukugqugquzelwa kokugcinwa kwemvelo kanye namagugu okusimama, kugqugquzelwa ukuguquguquka kwezamasiko ekusetshenzisweni ngendlela efanele nokongiwa kwezinsiza.
• Imisebenzi emisha ezintweni ezingaboli, izinto eziphinda zisetshenziswe, kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwe-wind turbine.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Kungani isakhamuzi esijwayelekile singacabangi ukuthi izinjini zomoya ziyasebenziseka kabusha noma cha?
• Ingabe kufanele kushintshwe inqubo yokukhiqiza ama-wind turbine blades ukuze asetshenziswe kabusha kakhudlwana?