Inhliziyo yokwenziwa: Ithemba elisha leziguli zenhliziyo

ISIKWELETU SESITHOMBE:
Isikweletu sezithombe
iStock

Inhliziyo yokwenziwa: Ithemba elisha leziguli zenhliziyo

Inhliziyo yokwenziwa: Ithemba elisha leziguli zenhliziyo

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Izinkampani zeBiomed zigijimela ukukhiqiza inhliziyo yokwenziwa ngokugcwele engathengela iziguli zenhliziyo isikhathi ngesikhathi zisalinde abanikeli.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • January 4, 2023

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuphakathi kwababulali abakhulu emhlabeni wonke, nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-10 e-United States naseYurophu abathintekayo minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkampani ze-MedTech zithole indlela yokunika iziguli zenhliziyo ithuba lokulwa nalesi simo esibulalayo.

    Ingqikithi yenhliziyo yokwenziwa

    NgoJulayi 2021, inkampani yaseFrance yemishini yezokwelapha iCarmat yamemezela ukuthi iqede ngempumelelo ukufakelwa kwayo kwenhliziyo yokwenziwa e-Italy. Le ntuthuko ikhombisa umngcele omusha wobuchwepheshe benhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, imakethe esivele ilungele ukuba nenani elingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-40 ngo-2030, ngokusho kwefemu yocwaningo i-IDTechEx. Inhliziyo yokwenziwa kaCarmat inama-ventricles amabili, enolwelwesi olwakhiwe ngesicubu senhliziyo yenkomo oluhlukanisa uketshezi olusebenza ngamanzi kanye negazi. Iphampu enenjini izungeza uketshezi olunamanzi, bese luhambisa ulwelwesi ukuze lusabalalise igazi. 

    Nakuba inhliziyo yokwenziwa yenkampani yaseMelika i-SynCardia yaba yisiqalo emakethe, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhliziyo zokwenziwa zika-Carmat kanye ne-SynCardia ukuthi inhliziyo kaCarmat iyakwazi ukuzilawula. Ngokungafani nenhliziyo ye-SynCardia, enezinga lenhliziyo elimisiwe, elihleliwe, i-Carmat ine ama-microprocessors ashumekiwe nezinzwa ezingaphendula ngokuzenzakalelayo emsebenzini wesiguli. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yesiguli kuzokhula lapho isiguli sinyakaza futhi sizinzile lapho isiguli siphumule.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Umgomo wokuqala wezinkampani zemishini yezokwelapha ezakha izinhliziyo zokwenziwa kwakuwukugcina iziguli ziphila kuyilapho zisalinde umnikezeli wenhliziyo ofanelekayo (inqubo evame ukuba nzima). Kodwa-ke, inhloso enkulu yalezi zinkampani ukwakha izinhliziyo zokwenziwa ezihlala njalo ezingamelana nokuguga nokuklebhuka kwemishini eyimishini. 

    Isiqalo sase-Australia esibizwa ngokuthi i-BiVACOR sakha inhliziyo eyimishini esebenzisa i-single spinning disc ukumpompa igazi emaphashini nasemzimbeni. Njengoba iphampu inyakaza phakathi kozibuthe, cishe akukho ukuguga komshini, okwenza idivayisi iqine kakhulu, inwebe impilo yayo yokusebenza ngamandla. Njengemodeli ye-Carmat, inhliziyo yokwenziwa ye-BiVACOR ingakwazi ukuzilawula ngokusekelwe emsebenzini. Nokho, ngokungafani nemodeli kaCarmat, njengamanje (2021) inkulu kakhulu ukuthi ingangena emizimbeni yabesifazane, inguqulo ye-BiVACOR iguquguquka ngokwanele ukuba ingene enganeni. NgoJulayi 2021, i-BiVACOR yaqala ukulungiselela izivivinyo zabantu lapho idivayisi izofakwa khona futhi ibhekwe izinyanga ezintathu.

    Imithelela yokutholakala kwezinhliziyo zokwenziwa zesizukulwane esilandelayo 

    Imithelela ebanzi yesizukulwane esilandelayo sezinhliziyo zokwenziwa ezitholakala kakhulu ezigulini ingase ihlanganise:

    • Isidingo esincishisiwe sezinhliziyo ezinikelwe njengoba iziguli eziningi zingaphila ngokunethezeka nalezo zokwenziwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, kulezo ziguli ezilungisa izinhliziyo eziphilayo, izikhathi zazo zokulinda namazinga okusinda angase akhuphuke kakhulu.
    • Amazinga okufa okubangelwa izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi aqala ukwehla kanye nokutholwa kancane kancane kwezinhliziyo zokwenziwa.
    • Ukukhiqizwa okwandisiwe kwemishini exhumene yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi engangena esikhundleni sezinhliziyo zonke futhi isekele futhi ithathele izingxenye ezingasebenzi kahle, njengama-ventricles.
    • Amamodeli wesikhathi esizayo ezinhliziyo zokwenziwa axhunywa ku-inthanethi Yezinto ukuze ashaje okungenantambo, ukwabelana ngedatha, nokuvumelanisa ngemishini egqokekayo.
    • Uxhaso olunyusiwe lokudala izinhliziyo zokwenziwa zezilwane ezifuywayo nezilwane zasezu.
    • Ukwenyuswa kwemali yezinhlelo zocwaningo kwezinye izinhlobo zezitho zokwenziwa, ikakhulukazi izinso namanyikwe.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ungavuma yini ukufakelwa inhliziyo yokwenziwa uma kudingeka?
    • Ucabanga ukuthi ohulumeni bangakulawula kanjani ukukhiqizwa noma ukutholakala kwezinhliziyo zokwenziwa?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

    Izixhumanisi ezilandelayo ezidumile nezikhungo zibhekiselwe kulo mbono: