Isifo se-Lyme: Ingabe ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kusabalalisa lesi sifo?

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 27, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Isifo se-Lyme, isifo esivame ukuthwalwa yi-vector e-US, sisakazwa ngokulunywa komkhaza futhi singaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima zempilo uma singelashwa. Ukufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuye kwaba nomthelela ekusabalaleni kwemikhaza, okwandisa ukuchayeka kwabantu kanye nobungozi besifo i-Lyme. Naphezu kwemizamo yokulwa nalesi sifo, ukusabalala kwaso ngokushesha kunemiphumela ephawulekayo, kusukela ekushintsheni imikhuba yokuzijabulisa yangaphandle kuya ekuthonyeni ukuhlelwa kwedolobha kanye nemizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo.

Isimo se-Lyme isifo 

Isifo se-Lyme, esibangelwa i-borrelia burgdorferi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile borrelia mayonii, yisifo esivame kakhulu esithwalwa yi-vector e-US. Lesi sifo sisakazwa ngokulunywa imikhaza enemilenze emnyama. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa imfiva, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okuhlukile okwaziwa ngokuthi i-erythema migrans. Isifo esingelashiwe singadlulela enhliziyweni, emalungeni nasesimiso sezinzwa. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-Lyme kusekelwe emathubeni okuchayeka komkhaza kanye nokwethulwa kwezimpawu zomzimba. 

Imikhaza ijwayele ukuhlotshaniswa ne-New England woodlands nezinye izindawo ezinamahlathi e-US; nokho, ucwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi imikhaza ethwele isifo i-Lyme itholwe eduze namabhishi eNyakatho yeCalifornia okokuqala ngqa. Ukwanda kokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindaweni zasendle, kuhlanganise namahlathi empumalanga ye-United States, kuye kwaphumela emahlathini ahlukanayo okuye kwahlotshaniswa nokwanda kwengozi yezinambuzane yesifo iLyme. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlu ezintsha kwenza abantu bahlangane nemikhaza eyayihlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi noma ezingathuthukisiwe. 

Ukufudukela emadolobheni kungase kubangele ukwanda kwenani lamagundane nezinyamazane, okudingwa imikhaza ukuze kudliwe igazi, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inani lemikhaza. Ngokwe-Environmental Protection Agency yase-US, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kunomthelela omkhulu ekwandeni nasekuphileni kwemikhaza yezinyamazane. Isibonelo, imikhaza yenyamazane iyachuma ezindaweni ezinomswakama okungenani ongamaphesenti angu-85 futhi isebenza kakhulu lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-45 degrees Fahrenheit. Ngenxa yalokho, amazinga okushisa akhuphukayo ahlobene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kulindeleke ukuthi andise indawo efanelekile yemikhaza futhi angenye yezinto eziningana ezibangela ukusabalala kwesifo i-Lyme.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Nakuba kungaziwa ukuthi bangaki abantu baseMelika abangenwa isifo i-Lyme, ubufakazi bakamuva obushicilelwe yi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bubonisa ukuthi abantu baseMelika abangafika kwabangu-476,000 bayahlonzwa futhi belashelwa lesi sifo unyaka ngamunye. Kube nemibiko yamacala kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50. Isidingo esikhulu somtholampilo sihlanganisa isidingo sokuxilonga okungcono; lokhu kuhlanganisa amandla okuhlonza isifo se-Lyme ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kungasithola ngokuthembekile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemithi yokugomela isifo se-Lyme. 

Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-Celsius ikhuphuka ngama-degree amabili ezingeni lokushisa laminyaka yonke-izilinganiso zamaphakathi nekhulu leminyaka ezivela ku-US National Climate Assessment (NCA4) yakamuva kakhulu - inani lamacala e-Lyme Disease ezweni libikezelwa ukuthi lizokhuphuka ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-20 esikhathini esizayo. amashumi eminyaka. Lokhu okutholakele kungasiza ochwepheshe bezempilo yomphakathi, odokotela, nabakhi benqubomgomo ekuqiniseni ukulungela nokusabela, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa komphakathi ngesidingo sokuqapha lapho ubamba iqhaza emisebenzini yangaphandle. Ukuqonda ukuthi izinguquko zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo zokusetshenziswa komhlaba zingase zibe nomthelela kanjani engozini yezifo zabantu sekuyinto ehamba phambili kuzazi zemvelo zezifo, ochwepheshe bezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, kanye nabelaphi bezempilo bomphakathi.

Ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kukahulumeni wobumbano, ukwanda okusheshayo kweLyme nezinye izifo ezithwalwa umkhaza sekuvele. Ngokusho kwe-CDC, ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu kuyisithiyo esingcono kakhulu ngokumelene nesifo se-Lyme kanye nokushintsha kwendawo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-acaricide emakhaya ngamanye. Nokho, kunobufakazi obulinganiselwe bokuthi noma yiziphi zalezi zinyathelo ziyasebenza. Ukusetshenziswa komuthi ongemuva kwendlu kunciphisa izinombolo zomkhaza kodwa akuthinti ngokuqondile ukugula kwabantu noma ukusebenzisana komkhaza nomuntu.

Imiphumela yokusabalala kwesifo seLyme

Imiphumela ebanzi yokusakazeka kwesifo seLyme ingabandakanya:

• Ukwanda koxhaso lwezimali zocwaningo lwesifo seLyme, okuholela ekuqondeni kangcono ukugula kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezithuthukisiwe.
• Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokuqwashisa umphakathi, okuholela emphakathini onolwazi mayelana nezingozi nezindlela zokuvimbela.
• Ukwanda kokubambisana phakathi kwabahleli basemadolobheni kanye nabezemvelo, okuholela emiklamo yedolobha ehlonipha izindawo zemvelo futhi enciphisa izingxabano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane zasendle.
• Ukuvela kwemakethe entsha yemikhiqizo yokuvimbela isifo seLyme, okuholela ekutheni abathengi basebenzise imali eningi kumagiya okuvikela kanye nezinto ezixoshayo.
• Ushintsho emikhubeni yokuzijabulisa yangaphandle, lapho abantu beqaphela kakhulu futhi kungenzeka bagweme imisebenzi ethile, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okungaba khona kwamabhizinisi afana nezingosi zokukhempa noma abavakashi abahamba ngezinyawo.
• Ukwehla okungenzeka kwamanani ezakhiwo ezindaweni ezihlonzwe njengezisengozini enkulu yesifo seLyme, esithinta abanikazi bezindlu kanye nemboni yezindlu.
• Uhulumeni wethula imithetho eqinile mayelana nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zezinkampani zokwakha kanye nokubambezeleka okungenzeka ekwandiseni amadolobha.
• Ukwanda kokulova emsebenzini njengoba abantu abathintekayo bethatha isikhathi sokuphumula ukuze bathole ukwelashwa, okunomthelela ekukhiqizeni emikhakheni eyahlukene.
• Ukugxila okuphezulu ekongiweni kwemvelo, okuholela emigomeni eqinile yokusetshenziswa komhlaba futhi okungenzeka kube nomkhawulo ekwandeni kwezimboni ezindaweni ezithile.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ukhona omaziyo oye wangenwa isifo seLyme? Isipiliyoni sabo siye saba njani ekulawuleni lesi sifo?
• Yiziphi izinyathelo ozithathayo ukuze ugweme imikhaza uma ungaphandle?