Ukuhlela umndeni kukahulumeni: Umjaho wokuhlehlisa ukwehla kwenani labantu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 30, 2023

Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi izinga labantu emhlabeni wonke lizokwehla emashumini eminyaka azayo, nokwehla kwamazinga okuzala kanye nenani labantu abaguga njengezinto ezibalulekile ezinomthelela. Ukusabela, ohulumeni abaningi baye basebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezisekela imindeni njengekhefu labazali, izibonelelo zezingane, kanye nekhefu lentela ukuze bakhuthaze izakhamuzi ukuba zibe nezingane ezengeziwe. Nokho, kusazobonakala ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zizokwanela yini ukuhlehlisa inkambiso yokwehla kwenani labantu.

Isimo sokuhlela umndeni sikahulumeni

Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini lezokwelapha i-Lancet, cishe amazwe angama-23 angaba nokuncipha kwenani labantu ngamaphesenti angama-50 ngenxa yokuzalwa okuncane kanye nokuguga kwezakhamizi. Ngisho neChina, izwe elinabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni, aligonyiwe kulo mkhuba. Naphezu kwezingcingo zokwehliswa kweminyaka yobudala yokushada eneminyaka engama-22 kwabesilisa kanye nengama-20 kwabesifazane, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kukodwa ngeke kwanele ukubhekana nezinto eziyisisekelo zenhlalo-mnotho namasiko ezidala ukwehla. Njengoba izakhamizi zaseShayina zibeka phambili izinjongo zomsebenzi nezinjongo zomuntu siqu kunokuqala umndeni, inani labantu bezwe liyaqhubeka nokuncipha.

IHungary ingelinye izwe eliye labhekana nokuncipha okuqhubekayo kwenani labantu eminyakeni engu-40 edlule. Uhulumeni waseHungary usesebenzise izinqubo-mgomo ezahlukene kanye nezibonelelo zokuxhasa izakhamuzi ukukhuthaza izakhamuzi ukuba zibe nezingane eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, baye bethula ukuncishiswa kwentela kuyo yonke ingane ezalwa, amaqabunga amade okubeletha nawobaba, kanye nezinye izikhuthazo ezingokwezimali zemindeni enezingane. Nokho, naphezu kwale mizamo, inani labantu bakuleli zwe liyaqhubeka lincipha.

Izizathu zokwehla kwenani labantu eHungary ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ziningi. Ngaphezu kwamazinga aphansi okuzalwa, abantu abasha abaningi bayalishiya izwe befuna amathuba angcono emisebenzi kanye nezinga eliphezulu lempilo. Abanye ochwepheshe baphinde bathi isimo sezombangazwe saseHungary kanye nezinqubomgomo ezimelene nabokufika zingase zenze ukwehla kwenani labantu kube kubi kakhulu njengoba inani labantu bezwe liba namandla okumelana nokuhlukahluka. Sekukonke, inselele yokuhlehlisa ukwehla kwenani labantu iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga indlela ehlukahlukene.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Umqedazwe we-COVID-2020 ka-19 uqhubekisele phambili isimo sibe sibi kakhulu emazweni amaningi abhekene nokwehla kwesibalo sabantu njengoba ukufa kwabantu emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yalesi sifo kukhula. Ngakho-ke, ohulumeni cishe bazoqinisa izinqubomgomo zabo zokusekela inzalo. E-Hungary, uhulumeni wasabela ngokwandisa isabelomali sakhe sokwesekwa komndeni safinyelela kumaphesenti angu-5.2 esamba somkhiqizo wasekhaya (GDP) ngo-2021. Lesi sinyathelo siyingxenye yesu elibanzi lokukhuthaza izakhamuzi ukuba zizalane, okuhlanganisa nokugqugquzela ukufuduka kwabantu abavela emaqenjini ezinhlanga zaseHungary ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane. amazwe.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abagxeki baphikise ngokuthi lezi zinqubomgomo zihlomulisa kuphela abesifazane besigaba esiphakathi nephezulu kuyilapho zinganaki izidingo zamaqembu asengozini kakhulu, njengokukhulelwa kwentsha ezindaweni ezihlukene zama-Romani. Naphezu kwemizamo kahulumeni, ukwehla kwenani labantu eHungary kusaqhubeka kuyindaba ecindezelayo. 

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Iran — ebhekene nenselelo enkulu yezibalo zabantu — yathatha indlela ephathelene nokukhuthaza ukubeletha ngokuyeka ukutholakala kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo kanye nama-vasectomies ezibhedlela zikahulumeni (2020). Kodwa-ke, lesi sinyathelo siphakamise ukukhathazeka phakathi kwezinhlangano zamalungelo kanye nezikhulu zezempilo zomphakathi eziphikisana ngokuthi kuphuca abesifazane inkululeko yokunquma ukuthi benzeni ngemizimba yabo futhi kungaholela ekwandeni kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.

Imithelela yokuhlela umndeni kukahulumeni

Imithelela ebanzi yezinhlelo zikahulumeni zesimanje zokuhlela umndeni ingase ihlanganise:

• Ohulumeni bandisa isabelomali sabo semfundo nezindleko zemixhaso yokuphila ukuze bakhuthaze imindeni emikhulu.
• Ukwandisa ukwesekwa nezinhlelo zabesifazane abangashadile abafuna ukukhulisa izingane ngokwabo noma ngokungenelela kwezokwelapha.
• Ukushuba kwesimo (emazweni athile) phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni namaqembu amalungelo maqondana namalungelo abesifazane okuzala.
• Amazwe amaningi azama ukuheha abafuduki kanye nemihambima yedijithali ukuze babe izakhamuzi zaphakade futhi basungule imindeni.
• Ukukhuphuka kwentengo yerenti kanye nokuntuleka kwezindlu emadolobheni amakhulu nasezindaweni ezizungezile.
• Isidingo esikhulu sabasebenzi ezimbonini ezeseka imindeni, njengokunakekelwa kwezingane, imfundo, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. 
• Ukwenyuka kokwamukelwa kwezinqubomgomo ezingcono zokusebenza ezisekela imindeni, njengamaqabunga anwetshiwe abazali kanye nezibonelelo zokunakekela izingane.
• Izixazululo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwezingane nabantu abadala.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe izwe lakho lidonsa kanzima ngenani labantu asebekhulile? Uma kunjalo, iwuthinta kanjani umnotho wendawo?
• Ohulumeni bangakukhuthaza kanjani futhi ukwanda kwabantu?