Ukudla kwezitshalo zezilwane ezixubile: Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komphakathi kwamaprotheni ezilwane

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 14, 2021

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Umkhuba womhlaba wonke wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ubangele ukwanda kokudla kwezitshalo zezilwane ezixubile, okuhlanganisa inyama nezithako ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ukuze kunikeze enye indlela esimeme. Le ndlela yokushintshashintshashintshashintshashintshashintshashintshayo yamasiko ikhuthaza ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila kancane kancane futhi ibonwa njengekhambi elingenzeka futhi elinomthelela ekulondolozweni kwemvelo kunokudla imifino okuqinile noma i-veganism. Ukushintshela kulokhu kudla okuxubile kuletha imithelela eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa amathuba okudala amathuba emisebenzi ku-biotechnology, isidingo sezinhlaka ezintsha zokulawula, kanye nezinselelo ezingaba khona zezenhlalo nezomnotho emiphakathini encike ekulimeni kwendabuko.

Ingxube yokudla kwezilwane nezitshalo

Ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuwumkhuba okhulayo olandelwa abantu abakhathalela imvelo kanye nezempilo emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ukungayidli inyama ngokuphikiswayo akwenzeki kumaphesenti amaningi abantu emhlabeni ngenxa yezizathu zamasiko, ezempilo, kanye nezizathu ezisobala ezithandwayo. Ukuhlangabezana nalo mkhuba phakathi nokukhula kwezinketho zokudla ezicutshunguliwe zezitshalo eziyingxube zezilwane ezihlanganisa ukuxuba inyama nezithako ezisekelwe ezitshalweni kanye nemithombo yamaprotheni esimeme. 

I-US Food and Drug Administration ubikezela ukwenyuka kwezidingo zokudla emhlabeni wonke ngamaphesenti angama-70 kuye kwayi-100 ngo-2050. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalokhu kukhula okukhulu, kubalulekile ukwethula izinketho zokudla ezizinzile abathengi abangazifaka kabanzi ekudleni kwabo okujwayelekile. Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuzuzisa kakhulu ukunikeza abathengi ithuba lokunciphisa ukudla kwabo inyama kunokuba bayeke ngokuphelele. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kulula ukugcina izinguquko ezincane endleleni yokuphila esikhundleni sokulungisa ngokuphelele njengoba kusikisela i-vegetarianism eqinile noma i-veganism.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi indlela yokuguquguquka ikhuthaza abantu abaningi ukuthi kancane kancane baphile indlela yokuphila eco-friendly engase ibe nomthelela omkhulu endaweni ezungezile kunezindlela eziqinile. Ucwaningo lwangaphambili luye lwaphawula ukuthi inyama ehlanganisiwe inambitheka kangcono kubahlanganyeli abaningi benhlolovo kunemikhiqizo eyenziwe ezitshalweni ngokuphelele, okuyisici esibalulekile ekugcineni intshisekelo yabathengi. Ngokocwaningo lwango-2014, abantu abahlanu kwabayisithupha abadla imifino noma imifino bagcina sebebuyela ekudleni inyama. Ababhali benhlolovo baphakamise ukuthi ukuncipha okusesilinganisweni kokudliwa kwenyama kuyo yonke imiphakathi, ngokuphambene nokugwema ngokuphelele idlanzana, kungase kuveze imiphumela engcono emvelweni.

Umthelela ophazamisayo 

Kufika kumaphesenti angama-38 abathengi (2018) asebevele begwema inyama ngezinsuku ezithile zeviki. Futhi njengoba abacubungula ukudla kancane kancane behlinzeka ngezinketho zenyama exubile, leli phesenti cishe lizokwenyuka phakathi nawo-2020. Izinkampani ezinkulu ezilungisa ukudla ziyayithakasela intshisekelo yomphakathi yokwehlisa ukudliwa kwenyama ngokwethula imikhiqizo emisha eyingxube, efana nezinkukhu zenkukhu ze-The Better Meat Co ezixutshwe ne-cauliflower egayiwe.

Izinkampani ezinkulu zenyama nazo zifuna ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwezinye izindlela ezixubile ukuze kwakhiwe imakethe entsha yemikhiqizo yazo. Kukhona nocwaningo oluqhubekayo lokuthuthukisa inyama evela kumaseli nezitshalo njengomthombo ohlukile wamaprotheni. Kuze kube manje, abathengi babonise imibono exubile mayelana nemikhiqizo emisha ye-hybrid, kodwa imikhiqizo eminingana iphumelele ngenxa yokumaketha kwe-niche yabo.

Izinkampani cishe zizosebenzisa imali eningi ekucwaningeni isilinganiso esifanele senyama yezitshalo zezilwane. Imikhankaso yokumaketha yesikhathi esizayo ingase futhi iguqule izimo zengqondo zabathengi futhi yenze ukwethulwa kwemikhiqizo eyingxube elandelayo kube yimpumelelo. Okuqaphelekayo, ukudla okugayiwe okuyingxubevange (uma imigqa yokukhiqiza isikaliwe ngokugcwele) kuzogcina kushibhe kakhulu ukukhiqiza kunezinketho zenyama yendabuko ngenxa yamaphesenti aphezulu ezitshalo. Izinga eliphezulu lenzuzo engase libe khona lingase lisebenze njengesikhuthazo esiqhubekayo sokuthi abakhiqizi bokudla batshale imali futhi bamakethe ezinye izindlela eziyingxube emphakathini.

Imithelela yokudla okuyingxube yezitshalo zezilwane

Imithelela ebanzi yokudla kwezitshalo zezilwane eyingxube ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukudala izikhundla zocwaningo ezengeziwe zokuthuthukiswa kwengxube yenyama yezitshalo zezilwane nokunye ukudla okugayiwe, njengoba isithakazelo sabathengi sikhuphuka. 
• Ukukhuthaza abantu abaningi ukuthi bazivumelanise nezidlo ezikhathalela imvelo ngokunikeza izinketho ezifinyelelekayo zenyama ephansi.
• Ukuvumela izinkampani ezilungisa ukudla ukuthi zehlise i-carbon footprint yazo ngokukhiqiza ukudla okunamaphrofayili aphezulu ezitshalo uma kuqhathaniswa nezilwane.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezigaba ezintsha zokudla kanye nezindlela zokupheka ezikhethekile kungenzeka kuphela ngezithako zokudla eziyingxube.
• Ukuncipha kokuthembela ekufuyweni kwendabuko.
• Amathuba emisebenzi emisha emkhakheni we-biotechnology, afaka isandla ekukhuleni komnotho kanye nokuhlukahluka kwabasebenzi.
• Izinhlaka ezintsha zokulawula, ezingase ziholele ezingxoxweni zezombusazwe kanye nezimpikiswano mayelana nokuphepha kokudla kanye ne-bioethics.
• Ukulahleka kwemisebenzi kanye nezinselelo zenhlalo-mnotho emiphakathini yasemakhaya kuncike kakhulu ekulimeni okuvamile.
• Ukukhathazeka mayelana nokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokungalingani kwemvelo, okudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile komthelela kwezemvelo kanye nokuqapha ngokucophelela.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ucabanga ukuthi angakanani amathuba emakethe okudla okugayiwe okuyingxube?
• Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi ukudla okuxubile kwezitshalo zezilwane kungasiza abantu abaningi ukuthi bangene ekudleni kwemifino noma kwe-vegan?