Ukulungisa kabusha amadamu okukhiqiza amandla: Ukuvuselela ingqalasizinda endala ukuze kukhiqizwe izinhlobo ezindala zamandla ngezindlela ezintsha

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• July 8, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ukulungisa kabusha amadamu amakhulu ukuze uphehlwe ngamanzi kunikeza isisombululo samandla ahlanzekile. Yize lokhu kukhulisa amandla avuselelekayo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zinhlelo ziyingxenyana nje yomthamo welanga nomoya. Nokho, ngale kwamandla, amadamu afakelwe kabusha angadala amathuba emisebenzi, aqinise amagridi, futhi akhuthaze ukusimama nokubambisana lapho ebhekene nezinselele zesimo sezulu.

Ukulungisa kabusha amadamu omongo kagesi

Amadamu amakhulu, angaba nomthelela ongemuhle kwezemvelo ngokuqhathaniswa nezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi, angahlelwa kabusha ngezinhloso ezinhle njengoba umhlaba wamukela imithombo emisha yamandla avuselelekayo. Isibonelo esisodwa esiphawulekayo iphrojekthi ye-Red Rock e-Iowa, eyaqalwa ngo-2011. Le phrojekthi imele ingxenye yethrendi enkulu, enamadamu angu-36 e-US aguqulelwe ukuphehlwa kwamanzi kusukela ngo-2000.

Isikhungo seRed Rock esiguquliwe manje sesingakhiqiza amamegawathi afinyelela kwangu-500 wamandla avuselelekayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu okukhiphayo kuyingxenyana yamamegawathi angu-33,000 womthamo wamandla elanga nomoya ongezwe e-US ngo-2020. Isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamadamu amakhulu e-US singase sinciphe, kodwa ukulungisa kabusha amadamu amadala ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi hhayi kuphela. iphefumula impilo entsha embonini kodwa isikulungele ukuba ngumthombo wesizwe ophehla ugesi ngamanzi.

Njengoba i-US ibeka izinhloso ezinkulu zokuqeda igridi yayo yamandla ngonyaka wezi-2035, izintshisekelo zezishoshovu zokuphehla amandla ngamanzi kanye nezemvelo ziya ngokuya zihambisana ekubuyiseleni ingqalasizinda ekhona yokuphehla amandla avuselelekayo. Ukuhlaziywa kowezi-2016 kugqamisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwamadamu akhona kungase kwengeze umthamo wokuphehla ugesi ofinyelela ku-12,000 wamamegawathi kugridi kagesi yase-US. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuvuma ukuthi amamegawathi angu-4,800 kuphela, anele ukunika amandla amakhaya angaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili, angase akwazi ukuthuthuka ngokwezomnotho ngo-2050.

Nakuba amadamu amaningi emhlabeni wonke engase afakwe kabusha ukuze aphehlwe ngamanzi, kukhona ukukhathazeka, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezifana neNtshonalanga Afrika kanye neNingizimu Melika, lapho ukubuyiselwa okuthile kungase kuholele ekungcolisweni kwekhabhoni ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zamandla kaphethiloli. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukuguqula amadamu amadala abe izizinda zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi kungakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo ezweni. Ngokusebenzisa kabusha la madamu, amazwe angakhuphula kakhulu ukuphehlwa kukagesi emithonjeni evuselelekayo. Lokhu, kungase kuvumele ukuncishiswa noma ngisho nokuvalwa kwezikhungo ezithile zamandla kaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi, okuholela ekwehleni kokukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kancane kancane kumandla ahlanzekile. Ukwengeza, kunganqanda ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo ezintsha zamandla kaphethiloli, ukuhambisana nemizamo yomhlaba wonke yokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuguqukela kwezinye izindlela zamandla aluhlaza. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqulwa kwamadamu amadala abe yizikhungo zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi kulindeleke ukuthi kuvuleke amathuba amasha ezinhlanganweni ezigxile ekuhloleni nasekufakweni kabusha kwamadamu. Njengoba intshisekelo yalo mkhuba ikhula, lezi zinkampani kungenzeka zibone ukwanda kwemibuzo yebhizinisi evela kubabambiqhaza abahlukahlukene abazimisele ukusebenzisa ingqalasizinda yamadamu ekhona ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi ovuselelekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazwe anezifiso zokwandisa umthamo wawo wamandla avuselelekayo angase akuthole kulula ukuthola uxhaso lwezimali zamaphrojekthi okwakha amadamu esikhathini esizayo.

Okokugcina, la madamu aguquliwe angaba neqhaza elibalulekile kumaphrojekthi okugcina amanzi ampontshwayo, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yemvelo eguqukayo yamandla. Lapho kubhekene nokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa embulungeni yonke kanye nezimo zezulu ezingalindelekile, ikhono lokugcina amandla nokonga amanzi liya libaluleke kakhulu. Amadamu, ahlanganiswe namaphrojekthi anjalo okugcina, anikeza izindlela ezinokwethenjelwa zokubhekana nezinselele ezibangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Le ndlela enezici eziningi ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kodwa futhi ifaka isandla ekuqiniseni ukumelana nokungaqiniseki okuhlobene nesimo sezulu.

Imithelela yokulungiswa kabusha kwamadamu ukuze kuhlinzekwe ugesi wamanzi

Imithelela ebanzi yokulungisa kabusha amadamu amadala ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngemithombo emisha yokuphehla amandla ngamanzi ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukwamukelwa okwengeziwe kwamandla avuselelekayo ngokufaka kabusha idamu, okuholela ekwehleni kwezindleko zamandla kubathengi kanye nokwehla okuphawulekayo kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
• Ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kwamagridi kagesi, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswe namaphrojekthi okugcina amanzi ampontshwayo, ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamandla okuthembekile kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yokushoda kukagesi.
• Ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi akhokha kakhulu emikhakheni yezokwakha nezobunjiniyela, okuzuzisa izifunda ezifuna ukuthuthukisa amathuba omsebenzi angenamsebenzi.
• Ukwenyuswa kwesabelo sezimali sikahulumeni, njengoba izinhlelo zokulungisa kabusha amadamu ngokuvamile zihambisana namaphrojekthi okuvuselela ingqalasizinda kuwo womabili amazinga kahulumeni kanye kazwelonke.
• Ushintsho olubheke ekusetshenzisweni okusimeme kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza, oluqhutshwa ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla kagesi emadanyini akhona, ukukhuthaza imigomo yomnotho oyindilinga kanye nokuphehla amandla okuhambisana nemvelo.
• Ukufinyeleleka okuthuthukisiwe kwamandla, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezithembele kakhulu kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, okufaka isandla ekuzinzeni okukhulu kwezezimali zemizi.
• Kuqiniswe ukuvikeleka kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlinzeka ngokuphazamiseka nokungaqiniseki kwezepolitiki.
• Amathuba okubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe okuthuthukisiwe kumaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo, ukukhuthaza ubudlelwano bezokusebenzelana kanye nokunciphisa izingxabano ezihlobene nezinsiza zamandla.
• Ukuthuthukisa imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo ngokuhlanganiswa kwamadamu kumaphrojekthi okugcina amanzi ampontshwayo, asize ekongiweni kwamanzi phakathi nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ucabanga ukuthi umkhankaso wokubuyisela kabusha amadamu ukuze abe izimboni zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi ungase uholele ekutheni ezinye izinhlobo zengqalasizinda ekhona ziphinde zenziwe kabusha ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla avuselelekayo?
• Ingabe ukholelwa ukuthi amandla kagesi azodlala indima ekhulayo noma enciphayo kungxube yamandla yomhlaba ezayo?