Ukungabi nanzuzo kwamalahle: Ezinye izindlela ezizinzile zithatha inzuzo yamalahle

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Ukungabi nanzuzo kwamalahle: Ezinye izindlela ezizinzile zithatha inzuzo yamalahle

Ukungabi nanzuzo kwamalahle: Ezinye izindlela ezizinzile zithatha inzuzo yamalahle

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Amandla avuselelekayo aya ngokuya eshibhile kunokukhiqizwa kukagesi wamalahle ezindaweni eziningi, okuholela ekwehleni kancane kancane kwemboni.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • December 3, 2021

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    Imboni yamalahle eyake yaba namandla kakhulu ibhekene nokwehla ngokushesha ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezinye izindlela ezingabizi kakhulu futhi ezihambisana nemvelo njengamandla avuselelekayo. Lokhu kushintshwa, okusheshiswe izivumelwano zesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokukhula kwezimboni ezifana negesi yemvelo ne-green hydrogen, kudala amathuba emisebenzi emisha namathemba okutshalwa kwezimali ekuhleleni amandla, ezokwakha, nasekuxhaseni ngemali. Kodwa-ke, lolu shintsho luphinde lube nezinselele ezinjengokuhoxiswa kwezitshalo ezibaswa ngamalahle, ukushoda kwamandla okungenzeka kube khona, kanye nesidingo sokuqeqeshwa kabusha kwabasebenzi.

    Umongo wokungenzi inzuzo kwamalahle

    Sekuyisikhathi eside amalahle ebhekwa njengendlela engabizi kakhulu ekuphehleni ugesi emhlabeni wonke. Nokho, lokhu kulandisa kushintsha ngokushesha njengoba izici eziningi ziphazamisa inzuzo yamandla wamalahle. Okuphawuleka kakhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zamandla avuselelekayo okungenzeka maduzane kushibhe kunezitshalo zamalahle.

    Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuphindeke kane phakathi kuka-2008 no-2018, ngokusho koMnyango Wezamandla wase-US. Kusukela ngo-2000, umoya kanye nelanga kube ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 okukhula kokuphehlwa kwamandla avuselelekayo e-US. Khonamanjalo, izikhungo zikagesi ngamalahle e-US ziyavalwa njengoba izinsiza zigwema ukwakha amandla amasha aphehlwa ngamalahle ukuze zenze inzuzo kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo. Ukuhlaziywa kuveze ukuthi ama-GW angama-94 omthamo wamalahle akhona ase-US asengozini yokuvaleka ezifundeni lapho ukufakwa kwamandla omoya omusha namandla elanga kwehlisa amanani kagesi okungenani ngamaphesenti angama-25 uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga amanje okukhiqiza amalahle. 

    Ezingeni elikhulu, umhlaba usuqalile ukuhlonza imithelela eyinhlekelele yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu njengosongo olukhulu futhi usuqalile ukulwa nemikhuba eyingozi enomthelela kukho. Phakathi kwezivumelwano eziphawuleka kakhulu zihlanganisa Isivumelwano saseParis sangowezi-2015 kanye nesivumelwano se-COP 21 lapho amazwe amaningi ethule khona izinhlelo ezintsha noma ezichitshiyelwe zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yazo kanye nokunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa emhlabeni jikelele libe ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius amabili. Izivumelwano ezinjalo ziqhubekisela phambili ukwehlisela phansi amazwe amandla ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo ezintsha zokuphehla ugesi ngamalahle, esikhundleni salokho zigcizelela ekusebenziseni amandla ahlanzekile aluhlaza njengelanga nomoya ukuze kufezwe izidingo zamandla.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ukushintsha ukusuka ezimbonini zamandla kagesi ezisetshenziswa ngamalahle ukuya ezimbonini zamandla avuselelekayo kukhule kakhulu kusukela ngeminyaka yowezi-2010. Ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo zamandla avuselelekayo cishe kuzoqinisekisa indawo ephephile, ukuvikela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu esibi, futhi kunikeze amazwe imithombo yamandla esimeme kakhudlwana. Okuqaphelekayo, ukwanda okunonya kwamanethiwekhi egesi yemvelo kuwo wonke umhlaba othuthukile ngeminyaka yo-2010, kanye nemboni ye-hydrogen eluhlaza esakhulayo, kudle futhi isabelo semakethe yemboni yamalahle.

    Ukukhula ngokuhlanganyela kwalezi zindlela ezihlukile zokusebenzisa amandla amalahle kuzomela amathuba emisebenzi amasha abalulekile emikhakheni ehlobene nokuhlela amandla kagesi, ukwakhiwa, ukunakekelwa nokuxhaswa ngezimali. Ukwengeza, lolu shintsho lwamandla luphinde lumele amathuba amasha kubatshalizimali abafuna ukwandisa amaphothifoliyo abo emkhakheni wezamandla. 

    Kodwa-ke, inselele enkulu phakathi nalokhu kuguqulwa kwamandla ukuhoxiswa kwezitshalo ezibaselwa ngamalahle. Uhlelo lokulawula oludingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuhoxiswe lezi zikhungo kungase kuthathe iminyaka eminingana. Ingasaphathwa eyemali eningi ezoyithatha ukuze kuqedwe ukusebenza kwalezi zitshalo ngokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izizwe zingase zibe nokwehla kwamandla emali entengo yesikhathi esiseduze kanye nokushoda kwamandla njengoba izitshalo zamalahle zithatha umhlalaphansi ngokushesha kunokuba ukufakwa okuvuselelekayo kungathatha indawo yazo. Ngenxa yazo zonke lezi zizathu, amazwe cishe azobeka eceleni isabelomali esibalulekile sokuphatha le nqubo yenguquko. 

    Imithelela yokungabi nanzuzo kwamalahle

    Imithelela ebanzi yokungenzi inzuzo kwamalahle ingase ihlanganise:

    • Ukusheshisa ukwehla kokuncintisana kwamalahle uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezizophinde zehlise uxhaso lwezimali zocwaningo olusha lwezobuchwepheshe bamalahle kanye nezitshalo ezintsha zamalahle.
    • Amalahle aya ngokuya abonakala njengempahla engathandeki ukubamba, abhebhezela ukuthengiswa kwamalahle okusheshayo kanye nokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
    • Ukwehla kwamandla emali okusondele esikhathini esiseduze emazweni amaningana athuthukile njengoba izinkampani ezivuselelekayo kanye negesi yemvelo zizabalaza ukwakha izimpahla zamandla amasha anele ngokushesha ukuze zifane nokwehla kwemboni yamalahle eziyishintshayo.
    • Abanye ohulumeni abathuthukayo babamba ithuba lokwenza amagridi abo kagesi abe yisimanje kanye nokuthatha umhlalaphansi kokuguga, nengqalasizinda yamandla asebenzisa ikhabhoni.
    • Ukwehla okukhulu kwenani lemisebenzi embonini yamalahle, okuholela esidingweni sokuqeqeshwa kabusha kanye nokuqashwa kabusha kwabasebenzi kwezinye izimboni.
    • Ukushintsha kwezibalo zabantu njengoba abantu behamba befuna amathuba angcono ezomnotho, bekhombisa umfutho omkhulu wokuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa izimiso zomnotho eziyindilinga.
    • Izimpikiswano zezombusazwe kanye nezinguquko zenqubomgomo mayelana nemithombo yamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, okuholela ekubunjweni kabusha kwesimo sezombusazwe.
    • Ushintsho emphakathini olubheke emithonjeni yamandla engayingeni imvelo.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Amazwe anezinqolobane/izimayini ezinkulu azokuphatha kanjani ukuguquguquka komhlaba wonke kude namalahle? 
    • Uhulumeni angayinciphisa kanjani imiphumela emibi yokuqashwa ezindaweni lapho kuvalwa khona izimayini zamalahle?