Ukulutha kwedijithali: Isifo esisha somphakathi othembele ku-inthanethi

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 1, 2021

Ukulutha kwedijithali, ikakhulukazi i-Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD), kunomthelela kumaphesenti angu-14 wabantu bomhlaba. Imithelela ephazamisayo nemithelela ye-IAD ihlanganisa ukuwohloka kwempilo engokomzimba, ukuncipha kokukhiqiza kwendawo yokusebenza, izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo eziqinile. Kodwa-ke, kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwezimboni zezempilo zedijithali futhi kuqhubekisele phambili izinguquko ezenzweni zemfundo, amasu emvelo, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokulawula.

Umongo wokulutha wedijithali

I-Internet Addiction Disorder, nakuba ingakaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ku-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ithole ukunakwa okubalulekile emphakathini wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinhlangano ezifana ne-US National Institutes of Health. Lesi sikhungo silinganisela ukuthi amaphesenti angu-14 abantu emhlabeni wonke anomlutha we-inthanethi. Ngokuchazwa kabanzi, lesi sifo sibonakala njengokuncika okunamandla kumadivayisi anikwe amandla i-inthanethi, okufaka engcupheni ikhono lomuntu lokuphatha isikhathi sakhe ngempumelelo, ukwenza imisebenzi emsebenzini, noma ukulondoloza ubudlelwano obunempilo emhlabeni wangempela. 

Ukuze uqonde kangcono futhi uxazulule le nkinga esabalele, Isikhungo Sokumlutha sihlonze izinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zokulutheka kwedijithali: ukuba umlutha wocansi ku-inthanethi, ukuphoqelelwa kwenetha, ukuba umlutha we-cyber-relationship, ukufuna ulwazi oluyimpoqo, kanye nokuba umlutha wekhompyutha noma wegeyimu. Ukulutheka kocansi ku-Cybersex kanye nokulutha kobudlelwano be-inthanethi kubonakala ngokulungiswa okungenampilo emisebenzini yocansi e-inthanethi noma ubudlelwano, ngokulandelana, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokusebenzisana komhlaba wangempela. Ukuphoqeleka okuphelele kuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zokuziphatha, okuhlanganisa ukuthenga ku-inthanethi ngokweqile nokugembula, kuyilapho ukufuna ulwazi oluyimpoqo lubhekisela esidingweni esinzima sokuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva noma izindaba eziku-inthanethi. 

Ucwaningo oluningana luphakamisa ukuthi lezi zindlela zokuziphatha eziluthayo zingase zixhunywe nezinguquko ekwakhekeni kobuchopho, okungaholela ekuncipheni kwamandla okugxila. Isibonelo, ucwaningo olwenziwa uMnyango We-Radiology esibhedlela i-Ren Ji e-Shanghai lwagqamisa ukuthi intsha ene-IAD inokungajwayelekile okuningi okumhlophe ebuchosheni bayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezifundo zokulawula. Lokhu okungavamile kwakuhlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwemizwa nokucubungula, ukunakwa kwabaphathi, ukwenza izinqumo, nokulawula ingqondo, konke okungathinteka kakhulu ukuluthwa kwedijithali. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi ngokweqile kungaholela ekuziphatheni kokunganyakazi, okuholela ekukhuluphaleni, izinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinkinga ze-musculoskeletal ezihlobene nokuma kabi. Ukwengeza, kungaphazamisa amaphethini okulala, kubangele ukukhathala okungapheli futhi kube nomthelela nakakhulu ekhonweni lomuntu lokugxila nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Lezi zinkinga zempilo yomzimba, kuhlanganiswe nokukhathazeka ngempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, kungaholela ekwehleni kwezinga lempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zingase zibhekane nezinselelo ezikhulayo zokukhiqiza njengoba i-IAD idlanga kakhulu kubasebenzi. Umuntu obhekene nokulutha kwedijithali angase akuthole kuyinselele ukuhlala egxile emisebenzini ngenxa yesidingo esiyimpoqo sokuhlola inkundla yezokuxhumana, izingosi zokuthenga ku-inthanethi, noma imidlalo. Abaqashi bazodinga ukwakha amasu amasha okuphatha lolu daba, mhlawumbe ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlelo zempilo yedijithali.

Izinhlaka zikahulumeni zingase futhi zidinge ukubona imithelela yesikhathi eside yomphakathi yokulutheka okusabalele kwedijithali. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungakhuphula ukungasebenzi noma ukungasebenzi kahle, njengoba abantu bezabalaza ukunakekela imisebenzi ngenxa yokuncika kwabo ku-inthanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lungase lubhekane nomthwalo owandayo njengoba abantu abaningi befuna ukwelashelwa izinkinga zempilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo ehambisana nalesi sifo. 

Njengendlela yokuvimbela, ohulumeni bangabheka ekwethuleni izinhlelo zemfundo ezikoleni ukuze bafundise izingane ngezingozi ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa i-inthanethi ngokweqile, noma bangalawula ukuklanywa kwezixhumanisi zedijithali eziluthayo. Imodeli okufanele icatshangelwe iNingizimu Korea, ebimatasa ekuqapheliseni nasekubhekaneni nokulutheka kwedijithali, isebenzisa izinyathelo ezifana noMthetho Wokuvala, okhawulela ukufinyelela kwentsha kumageyimu ku-inthanethi phakathi namahora asebusuku. 

Izicelo zokulutheka kwedijithali 

Imithelela ebanzi yokuba umlutha wedijithali ingase ihlanganise: 

• Imboni yokudlala yamavidiyo iyadingeka ukuthi ifake inhlalakahle yedijithali emidlalweni yayo.
• Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo nodokotela bengqondo bakha izindlela zokwelapha ezithize zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokulutha kwedijithali.
• Izinkundla zokuxhumana zilawulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza azifaki isandla ekuncikeni ku-inthanethi.
• Ukwanda kwesidingo samapulatifomu okwelapha aku-inthanethi kanye nezinsizakalo zokwelulekwa okukhethekile ekuluthweni kwedijithali, kusetshenziswa ukufunda ngomshini kanye nama-algorithms e-AI ukuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngokwezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.
• Izikole ezihlanganisa izifundo ze-digital Wellness nezokuphepha ze-inthanethi ezinhlelweni zazo zezifundo, okuholela esizukulwaneni esiqaphela kakhudlwana futhi esikwazi ukumelana nokulutheka kwedijithali. 
• Imithetho emisha yezabasebenzi noma izimiso zasemsebenzini ezinemithetho eqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-inthanethi phakathi namahora okusebenza noma izikhathi eziyisibopho zokuqeda ubuthi bedijithali.
• Ukwenyuka kwezimboni ezigxile ekusebenzeni kahle kwedijithali, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphromotha ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sesikrini noma izinkampani ezihlinzeka nge-digital detox retreats. 
• Umjikelezo osheshisiwe wenzuzo yedivayisi, okuholela ekwandeni kukadoti kagesi futhi kudinga amasu asebenzayo okusebenzisa kabusha imfucuza ye-e.
• Ohulumeni abasebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezikhawulela ukuklanywa kwezixhumanisi zedijithali eziluthayo noma ukuhlinzeka ngezimali zocwaningo nezinhlelo zokwelapha ezihlobene nokulutheka kwedijithali.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi amafemu ezobuchwepheshe kufanele abeke phambili kuhlanganise inhlalakahle yedijithali ezinhlelweni zawo zokusebenza nakumasayithi? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo?
• Yiziphi izinyathelo ozithathayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awubi umlutha we-inthanethi?