Ugesi ongenazintambo kugridi yamandla: Ukushaja izimoto zikagesi ohambeni

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 6, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ugesi ongenazintambo uthembisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okungenazihibe kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene, okungase kushintshe ukusebenzisana kwethu kwansuku zonke nobuchwepheshe. Yize lo mqondo ungemusha, imizamo yakamuva yezinkampani nohulumeni iwusondeza eqinisweni, nakuba kunezinselelo ezinjengokulahlekelwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokudlulisa kanye nesidingo sokulungiswa kwengqalasizinda enkulu. Ukwakheka kwezwe okwenzekayo kubona kusengaphambili umthelela we-ripple, ohlanganisa imigqa yomkhiqizo eklanywe kabusha ukuze ihambisane nokushajwa okungenantambo, ukukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokushintshela kumandla avuselelekayo.

Ingqikithi kagesi ongenantambo

Ugesi ongenazintambo ususeduze, uthembisa ukuletha izinguquko ezishintshayo ezimbonini ezimbalwa ezihlanganisa ukukhiqiza izimoto kanye nezokuxhumana, okufanayo nomthelela owake wabonwa nge-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI). Le ntuthuko igqugquzelwa ukwanda kwesidingo sezixazululo zamandla ezilula nezisebenza kahle. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buzokwenza kube lula ukudluliswa kwamandla okungenazihibe kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene, okungenzeka kuguqule indlela esisebenzisana ngayo namagajethi nezinto zikagesi ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. 

Umqondo kagesi ongenazintambo awumusha; ilandela emuva emisebenzini yomsunguli nonjiniyela u-Nikola Tesla. U-Tesla unombono lapho amandla engadluliswa ngaphandle kwentambo ebangeni elide, kusetshenziswa amanethiwekhi amabhaluni amisiwe noma imibhoshongo ebekwe ngendlela efanelekile ukuze kube lula lokhu kudluliselwa. Kusukela ngo-2023, abathuthukisi abasebenza kumanethiwekhi e-5G bakwazile ukudala "igridi yamandla angenantambo." Le grid, ekuqaleni yakhelwe ezinye izinjongo, inamandla okushajwa kabusha noma ukunika amandla amathuluzi amancane ahlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwezimoto, izimboni, amahhovisi, nezindawo zokuhlala.

Naphezu kwamathemba athembisayo, esinye sezithiyo eziyinhloko zalokhu kuthuthukiswa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okuphawulekayo okwenzeka phakathi nenqubo yokudlulisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingqalasizinda yobuchwepheshe be-5G ingase idinge ukuba yenze izinguquko ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi eminyene yemibhoshongo kanye noxhaxha lwama-antenna ukuze kusekelwe ukudluliswa kukagesi okungenantambo. Kubalulekile ukuzulazula kulezi zinselele ngobuhlakani ukuze uvule amandla aphelele kagesi ongenazintambo.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Inkampani yesofthiwe yase-US i-Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification (WAVE) yenza igxathu ekuthuthukiseni imithombo yamandla engenantambo ehlangabezana nezidingo zokukhipha amandla aphakathi nendawo naphezulu. Ifemu inomqondo ongokomfanekiso wemishini yokushaja engaba ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphansi kwemigwaqo, noma ezindaweni zokupaka, enamandla okuletha amandla afinyelela ku-1 megawatt yamandla angenantambo. Lolu hlobo lokusetha lungakwazi ukusiza ukuzizwisa kokushaja okungenazihibe kubasebenzisi bezimoto zikagesi, kunciphise isikhathi sokuphumula futhi kukhuthaze abantu abaningi ukuthi bashintshele ezimotweni zikagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvulela abahleli bedolobha izindlela zokuthi bacabange kabusha isimo sedolobha, bahlanganise izixazululo zamandla kungqalasizinda yemigwaqo.

I-titan yemoto kagesi yaseMelika i-Tesla ibheke izinzuzo ezingaba khona zobuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo njengoba izama ukukhiqiza iloli likagesi. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-WAVE kungase kushintshe, kunikeze izixazululo zamandla ezidingekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemoto enjalo. Khonamanjalo, uMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-Indiana usebenzisana neNyuvesi yasePurdue kanye nomkhiqizi usimende waseJalimane ukwenza imigwaqo kasimende kazibuthe ekwazi ukunika amandla izimoto zikagesi njengoba zidlula kuyo. 

Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, kuba nomthelela ongemuhle okhuthaza ezinye izinkampani ukuthi zihlole izixazululo zokushaja okungenantambo, okungase kukhuthaze ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo njengomoya namandla elanga. Ohulumeni nomasipala bangase bazithole besesikhathini lapho kudingeka baqhubekisele phambili ukukhula kwalobu buchwepheshe, mhlawumbe ngokukhuthaza noma ngokubambisana, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikusasa eliluhlaza. Kuyisimo lapho ukusebenzisana phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukahlukene - izinhlangano zikahulumeni, izikhungo zemfundo, kanye namabhizinisi azimele - kungaqhubekisela phambili uguquko lwamandla oluqhubekayo.

Imithelela kagesi ongenazintambo 

Imithelela ebanzi yogesi ongenazintambo ingase ihlanganise:

• Abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo abasebenzisa ama-electronics anamandla baklama kancane kancane imigqa eminingi yemikhiqizo yabo ukuze ihambisane nobuchwepheshe bokushaja okungenantambo, okukhuthaza imakethe lapho abathengi bengajabulela khona ukuzizwisa komsebenzisi okulula nokunezihibe.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza kwezinga labantu okukhulayo njengemikhiqizo, imishini, nezindawo zokusebenza kungahlala kukhokhiswa njalo futhi nokuhamba okukhulu, okuholela ezindaweni lapho isikhathi sokuphumula sincipha kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kahle kuthuthukiswa.
• Ukuncika okuphansi kuphethiloli nezimoto ezisebenza ngodizili, ukusiza amazwe ekulweni nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokuhlangabezana nezinhloso zawo zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
• Ohulumeni bacubungula kabusha ukutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda yamandla ukuze bafake kangcono ukudluliswa kukagesi okungenantambo, banikeze indlela ephumelelayo emazweni asathuthuka anengqalasizinda yamandla eyifa elincane engashintshwa.
• Ushintsho kuma-paradigms wokuhlela amadolobha ukuze afake imizila yokushaja okungenantambo nezindawo, okuholela emadolobheni amukela kakhulu izimoto zikagesi kanye nokunciphisa ukuminyana kwezimoto njengoba kwanda ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi.
• Ukuvela kwamamodeli ebhizinisi amasha eziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi, lapho izinkampani zingase zinikeze izinsizakalo zokubhalisa ngokushaja okungenamkhawulo.
• Ukwanda okungaba khona kwemfucuza ye-elekthronikhi njengoba izinto ezindala, ezingasebenzisani ziphelelwa yisikhathi, okuholela ekukhathazekeni kwemvelo okudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela namasu okugaywa kabusha.
• Ukwanda kwesidingo sabasebenzi abanamakhono emkhakheni wezamandla avuselelekayo, okuholela ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi kanye namathuba okuthuthukiswa kwabasebenzi ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
• Abenzi benqubomgomo abalwa nokwakhiwa kwemithethonqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga okuphepha nokusebenza kahle ayahlangatshezwana nawo ku-ecosystem kagesi ongenazintambo, okuholela esimweni esilawulayo esivikela izithakazelo zabathengi kuyilapho kugqugquzelwa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.
• Ukwenyuka okungenzeka kwezindleko zamandla ezigabeni zokuqala zokusetshenziswa kukagesi ongenazintambo okusabalele, okuholela ezinseleleni zomnotho ezidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyeleleka nokufinyeleleka kwawo wonke amaqembu ezenhlalo-mnotho.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ukholelwa ukuthi ukuthembela okuphelele ezintweni ezisebenza ngogesi kungadala ukuncika esikhathini esizayo kubakhi bebhethri?
• Ucabanga ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwamanje (ukuvuza kwamandla) okuhlobene nokudluliswa kukagesi okungenantambo kunganqotshwa ukuze kusetshenziswe amagridi kagesi wesifunda?
• Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi imibhoshongo yokudlulisa ugesi engenantambo ingasatshalaliswa ngobuningi ukuze isekele izikhungo ezinkulu zasemadolobheni?