Izimboni zokugcina ezidala imisebenzi: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P4

ISIKWELETU SESITHOMBE: I-Quantumrun

Izimboni zokugcina ezidala imisebenzi: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P4

    Iqiniso. Amarobhothi ekugcineni azokwenza umsebenzi wakho uphelelwe yisikhathi—kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ukuphela komhlaba kuseduze. Eqinisweni, amashumi eminyaka ezayo phakathi kuka-2020 no-2040 azobona ukuqhuma kokukhula kwemisebenzi ... okungenani ezimbonini ezikhethiwe.

    Uyabona, amashumi amabili eminyaka alandelayo amele iminyaka yokugcina enkulu yokuqashwa kwabantu abaningi, amashumi eminyaka adlule ngaphambi kokuba imishini yethu ikhule ihlakaniphe ngokwanele futhi ikwazi ngokwanele ukuthatha ingxenye enkulu yemakethe yezemisebenzi.

    Isizukulwane sokugcina semisebenzi

    Okulandelayo uhlu lwamaphrojekthi, izitayela, nezinkambu ezizohlanganisa inqwaba yokukhula kwemisebenzi esikhathini esizayo emashumini amabili eminyaka ezayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lolu hlu alumeli uhlu oluphelele lwabadali bemisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyoba njalo kube yimisebenzi kwezobuchwepheshe nesayensi (imisebenzi ye-STEM). Inkinga ukuthi, amakhono adingekayo ukuze ungene kulezi zimboni akhethekile futhi kunzima ukuwathola kangangokuthi ngeke asindise uquqaba lwabantu ekusweleni imisebenzi.

    Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezinkulu zezobuchwepheshe nezesayensi zivame ukuqasha inani elincane kakhulu labasebenzi maqondana nemali engenayo eziyenzayo. Isibonelo, i-Facebook inabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-11,000 emalini engenayo eyi-12 billion (2014) kanti i-Google inabasebenzi abangama-60,000 emalini engenayo eyizigidigidi ezingama-20. Manje qhathanisa lokhu nenkampani evamile, enkulu ekhiqizayo efana ne-GM, eqashe abasebenzi abangu-200,000 3 billion kumali engenayo.

    Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi imisebenzi yakusasa, imisebenzi ezoqasha izinkumbi zabantu, kuzoba yimisebenzi ephakathi kwamakhono emisebenzi yezandla bese ukhetha izinsiza. Ngokuyisisekelo, uma ukwazi ukulungisa/ukudala izinto noma ukunakekela abantu, uzoba nomsebenzi. 

    Ukuvuselelwa kwengqalasizinda. Kulula ukungakunaki, kodwa uxhaxha lwemigwaqo yethu, amabhuloho, amadamu, amapayipi amanzi/indle, kanye noxhaxha lukagesi lwethu lwakhiwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 edlule. Uma ubukeka uqine ngokwanele, ungabona ukucindezeleka kokuguga yonke indawo—imifantu yemigwaqo yethu, usimende owawa emabhulohweni ethu, amapayipi amanzi aqhuma ngaphansi kwesithwathwa sasebusika. Ingqalasizinda yethu yakhelwe esinye isikhathi futhi izisebenzi zokwakha zakusasa kuzodingeka zishintshe ingxenye enkulu yazo kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo ukugwema izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha komphakathi. Funda okwengeziwe esihlokweni sethu Ikusasa Lamadolobha chungechunge.

    Ukuzivumelanisa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokufanayo, ingqalasizinda yethu ayizange nje yakhelwe esinye isikhathi, futhi yakhelwe isimo sezulu esipholile kakhulu. Njengoba ohulumeni bomhlaba bephuza ukwenza izinqumo ezinzima ezidingekayo ukulwa nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, amazinga okushisa ezwe azoqhubeka ekhuphuka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingxenye zomhlaba zizodinga ukuvikela ehlobo elishintshashintshayo, ubusika obuminyene yiqhwa, izikhukhula ezinamandla, iziphepho ezinamandla, nokukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle. 

    Iningi lamadolobha anabantu abaningi emhlabeni akhiwe ngasogwini, okusho ukuthi amaningi azodinga izindonga zasolwandle ukuze aqhubeke ekhona engxenyeni yokugcina yaleli khulu leminyaka. Amapayipi endle kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthwa kwamanzi kuzodingeka zithuthukiswe ukuze zimunce amanzi amaningi agelezayo emvuleni ewubhuqe kanye neqhwa. Imigwaqo kuzodingeka ifakwe kabusha ukuze kugwenywe ukuncibilika phakathi nezinsuku zasehlobo eziyingozi kakhulu, njengoba kuzoba nezintambo zikagesi ezingaphezulu komhlaba neziteshi zikagesi. 

    Ngiyazi, konke lokhu kuzwakala ngokwedlulele. Indaba iwukuthi, sekuyenzeka namuhla ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka eyishumi, kuzokwenzeka kaningi—yonke indawo.

    Ukubuyiselwa kwezakhiwo eziluhlaza. Ngokwakhela phezu kwenothi elingenhla, ohulumeni abazama ukulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu bazoqala ukunikeza izibonelelo eziluhlaza kanye nekhefu lentela ukuze babuyisele isitoko sethu samanje sezakhiwo zezentengiselwano nezindawo zokuhlala. 

    Ugesi nokukhiqizwa kokushisa kukhiqiza cishe amaphesenti angama-26 wesisi esingcolisa umoya emhlabeni. Izakhiwo zisebenzisa izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zikagesi kazwelonke. Namuhla, iningi lalawo mandla liyamoshwa ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwamakhodi okwakha aphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngenhlanhla, emashumini eminyaka azayo azobona izakhiwo zethu ziphindaphindeka kathathu noma kane amandla azo ngokusetshenziswa okuthuthukisiwe kukagesi, ukwahlukanisa, kanye nokungena komoya, konga amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.4 ngonyaka (e-US).

    Amandla esizukulwane esilandelayo. Kunokuphikisana okuhlala kuqhutshwa abamelene nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo abathi njengoba okuvuselelekayo kungakwazi ukukhiqiza amandla 24/7, ngeke kuthenjwa ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, futhi bathi yingakho sidinga amandla endabuko omthwalo wesisekelo. imithombo efana namalahle, igesi, noma i-nuclear lapho ilanga lingashi.

    Nokho, labo chwepheshe nosopolitiki abahluleka ukukusho ukuthi amalahle, igesi, noma izikhungo zenuzi ngezinye izikhathi ziyavaleka ngenxa yezingxenye ezingalungile noma ukulungiswa. Futhi lapho benza, abacimi ngempela izibani zemizi abasebenzela kuyo. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi sinento ebizwa ngokuthi igridi yamandla, lapho uma isitshalo esisodwa sivaleka, amandla akwesinye isitshalo acoshe ukuntenga ngokushesha, asekele izidingo zamandla edolobha.

    Yona leyo grid iyona into evuselelekayo ezosetshenziswa, ngakho-ke lapho ilanga lingashisi, noma umoya ungashayi esifundeni esisodwa, ukulahleka kwamandla kunganxeshezelwa kwezinye izifunda lapho okuvuselelekayo kukhiqiza amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri osayizi wezimboni eza ku-inthanethi maduze angagcina inani elikhulu lamandla phakathi nosuku ukuze akhishwe kusihlwa. Lawa maphuzu amabili asho ukuthi umoya nelanga zinganikeza amanani athembekile wamandla ngokulingana nemithombo yamandla eyisisekelo yomthwalo wendabuko. Futhi uma i-fusion noma izitshalo zamandla e-thorium ekugcineni ziba ngokoqobo phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezayo, kuzoba nesizathu esengeziwe sokusuka kumandla we-carbon esindayo.

    Ngo-2050, ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba kuyodingeka ithathele indawo yegridi yamandla egugile kanye nezitshalo zikagesi noma kunjalo, ngakho-ke ukubuyisela le ngqalasizinda ngezinto ezishibhile, ezihlanzekile, kanye nezamandla okuvuselela amandla kwenza umqondo wezezimali. Ngisho noma ukushintsha ingqalasizinda ngokuvuselelekayo kubiza okufanayo nokufaka imithombo yamandla evamile, okuvuselelekayo kuseyinketho engcono. Cabanga ngalokhu: ngokungafani nemithombo yamandla evamile, ephakathi nendawo, izinto ezivuselelwayo ezisabalalisiwe aziwuthwali umthwalo ofanayo ongemuhle njengezinsongo zokuphepha kwezwe ezivela ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula, ukusetshenziswa kwezibaseli ezingcolile, izindleko eziphezulu zezimali, isimo sezulu esibi kanye nemiphumela yezempilo, kanye nokuba sengozini enkulu- ukucisha kukagesi.

    Ukutshalwa kwezimali ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla kanye nasezintweni ezivuselelekayo kungasusa izimboni emalahleni namafutha ngo-2050, konge ohulumeni izigidigidi zamadola ngonyaka, kukhulise umnotho ngemisebenzi emisha ekufakweni kwegridi evuselelekayo nehlakaniphile, futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yethu cishe ngamaphesenti angama-80.

    Izindlu eziningi. Iphrojekthi yokugcina enkulu esizoyisho ukudalwa kwezinkulungwane zezakhiwo zokuhlala emhlabeni jikelele. Kunezizathu ezimbili zalokhu: Okokuqala, ngo-2040, inani labantu emhlabeni lizophela ngebhaluni 9 billion abantu, okuningi kwalokho kukhula kungaphakathi emazweni asathuthuka. Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu lokho kukhula kwenani labantu kuzoba umsebenzi omkhulu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzeka kuphi.

    Okwesibili, ngenxa yegagasi elizayo lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwezobuchwepheshe/irobhothi, amandla omuntu ojwayelekile okuthenga ikhaya azokwehla kakhulu. Lokhu kuzoqhuba isidingo sezindlu ezintsha eziqashisayo nezindawo zokuhlala zomphakathi kuwo wonke umhlaba othuthukile. Ngenhlanhla, ngasekupheleni kwawo-2020, amaphrinta anosayizi wokwakha we-3D azofika emakethe, aphrinte amabhilidi aphelele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa esikhundleni seminyaka. Lokhu okusha kuzokwehlisa izindleko zokwakha futhi kwenze ubunikazi bezindlu buphinde bukwazi ukufinyeleleka kubantu abaningi.

    Ukunakekelwa kwabantu abadala. Phakathi kweminyaka yama-2030 no-2040, isizukulwane se-boomer sizongena eminyakeni yaso yokugcina yokuphila. Ngaleso sikhathi, isizukulwane seminyaka eyinkulungwane sizongena eminyakeni engama-50, sisondela eminyakeni yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Lawa maqembu amabili amakhulu azomela ingxenye enkulu necebile yabantu abazofuna ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi neminyaka yabo yokuncipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obandisa impilo obuzokwethulwa ngeminyaka yawo-2030, isidingo sabahlengikazi nabanye abasebenzi bezempilo sizohlala siphezulu amashumi amaningi eminyaka ezayo.

    Ezempi nokuvikeleka. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi amashumi eminyaka ezayo okwanda kokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kuzoletha ukwanda okulinganayo kwezinxushunxushu zomphakathi. Uma inqwaba yabantu ingaxoshwa emsebenzini ngaphandle kosizo lukahulumeni lwesikhathi eside, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ubugebengu, imibhikisho, futhi mhlawumbe nezibhelu kungalindelwa. Emazweni asathuthuka ampofu kakade, umuntu angalindela ukwanda kwezempi, ubuphekula, nemizamo yokuketula uhulumeni. Ubunzima bale miphumela emibi yezenhlalo buncike kakhulu ekuboneni abantu ngegebe lengcebo lesikhathi esizayo phakathi kwabacebile nabampofu—uma liba libi kakhulu kunanamuhla, qaphela!

    Sekukonke, ukukhula kwalokhu kuphazamiseka kwezenhlalo kuzogqugquzela izindleko zikahulumeni zokuqasha amaphoyisa amaningi kanye namasosha ukuze agcine ukuhleleka emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni nasezindaweni ezibucayi zikahulumeni. Abasebenzi bonogada abazimele nabo bazoba nesidingo esishisayo emkhakheni womphakathi ukuthi bagade izakhiwo nezimpahla zezinkampani.

    Ukwabelana ngokomnotho. Umnotho wokwabelana—ngokuvamile ochazwa njengokushintshana noma ukwabelana kwezimpahla namasevisi kusetshenziswa izinsiza eziku-inthanethi zontanga njengo-Uber noma i-Airbnb—izomela amaphesenti akhulayo emakethe yezabasebenzi, kanye nesevisi, itoho, nomsebenzi ozimele we-inthanethi. . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abamisebenzi yabo izosuswa amarobhothi nesofthiwe yesikhathi esizayo.

    Ukukhiqizwa kokudla (uhlobo). Kusukela ngeNguquko Yokuhlaza ngeminyaka yawo-1960s isabelo sabantu (emazweni athuthukile) esizinikele ekulimeni ukudla sehlile saba ngaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa. Kodwa lelo nani lingabona ukunyuka okumangazayo emashumini eminyaka azayo. Ngiyabonga, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu! Uyabona, umhlaba uya ukufudumala futhi ukoma, kodwa kungani lokho kuyinto enkulu kangaka uma kuziwa ekudleni?

    Nokho, ukulima kwanamuhla kuvame ukuthembela ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezimbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa ukuze zikhule ngezinga lezezimboni—izitshalo zasekhaya ezikhiqizwa phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka zokuzalaniswa ngezandla noma inqwaba yeminyaka yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Inkinga ukuthi, izitshalo eziningi zingakhula kuphela esimweni sezulu esithile lapho izinga lokushisa lilungile nje i-Goldilocks. Yingakho ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyingozi kakhulu: kuzophusha eziningi zalezi zitshalo zasekhaya ngaphandle kwezindawo ezikhulayo ezithandwayo, kukhuphule ubungozi bokuhluleka kwezitshalo okukhulu emhlabeni jikelele.

    Ngokwesibonelo, izifundo eziqhutshwa yi-University of Reading ithole ukuthi i-lowland indica kanye ne-upland japonica, izinhlobo ezimbili zerayisi ezitshalwa kakhulu, zazisengozini kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngokukhethekile, uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-35 degrees Celsius ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwazo, izitshalo zizoba yinyumba, zinikeze okusanhlamvu okuncane. Amazwe amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo nase-Asia lapho irayisi liwukudla okuyisisekelo okuyinhloko kakade esemaphethelweni ale ndawo yokushisa ye-Goldilocks. 

    Lokho kusho ukuthi lapho umhlaba wedlula umkhawulo ongu-2-degrees-Celsius ngesinye isikhathi ngeminyaka yawo-2040—ukukhuphuka komugqa obomvu ngokwesilinganiso sokushisa komhlaba ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kuzosilimaza kakhulu isimo sezulu—kungasho inhlekelele embonini yezolimo yomhlaba wonke. Njengoba nje umhlaba uzoba neminye imilomo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili okufanele uyidle.

    Nakuba amazwe athuthukile kungenzeka axakeke kule nkinga yezolimo ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe obusha bezolimo, amazwe asathuthuka cishe azoncika ebuthweni labalimi ukuze baphile ngokumelene nendlala enkulu.

    Ukusebenzela ukuphelelwa yisikhathi

    Uma ephathwa ngendlela efanele, amaphrojekthi amakhulu abalulwe ngenhla angase aguqule isintu ayise emhlabeni lapho ugesi ushibhile, lapho siyeka ukungcolisa indawo yethu, lapho ukungabi nakhaya kuba yinto yesikhathi esidlule, nalapho ingqalasizinda esithembele kuyo izosigcina sidlulele kokulandelayo. ikhulu leminyaka. Ngezindlela eziningi, sizobe sesidlulele enkathini yenala yeqiniso. Yebo, lokho kunethemba elikhulu.

    Izinguquko esizozibona emakethe yethu yezemisebenzi phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili ezayo nazo zizoletha ukuntengantenga komphakathi okukhulu nokusabalala. Kuzosiphoqa ukuthi sibuze imibuzo ebalulekile, njengokuthi: Uyosebenza kanjani umphakathi uma iningi liphoqeleka ukuthi lingasebenzi noma lingasebenzi? Zingakanani izimpilo zethu esizimisele ukuvumela amarobhothi ukuphatha? Iyini injongo yokuphila ngaphandle komsebenzi?

    Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule le mibuzo, isahluko esilandelayo kuzodingeka siqale sikhulume nendlovu yalolu chungechunge: Amarobhothi.

    Ikusasa lochungechunge lomsebenzi

    Ukusinda Endaweni Yakho Yokusebenzela Yekusasa: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P1

    Ukufa Komsebenzi Wesikhathi Esigcwele: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P2

    Imisebenzi Eyosinda I-Automation: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P3   

    I-Automation Ukukhishwa Okusha: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P5

    Iholo Lomhlaba Wonke Eliyisisekelo Lilapha Ukungasebenzi Okuningi: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P6

    Ngemva Kweminyaka Yokungaqashwa Kwabaningi: Ikusasa Lomsebenzi P7

    Isibuyekezo esilandelayo esihleliwe salesi sibikezelo

    2023-12-07

    Izithenjwa zesibikezelo

    Izixhumanisi ezilandelayo ezidumile nezikhungo zibhekiselwe kulesi sibikezelo:

    Izixhumanisi ezilandelayo ze-Quantumrun zibalulwe kulesi sibikezelo: