Ama-molecule adingeka kakhulu: Ikhathalogi yama-molecule atholakala kalula

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 22, 2022

I-Synthetic biology isayensi yempilo esafufusa esebenzisa izimiso zobunjiniyela kubhayoloji ukuze kwakhe izingxenye ezintsha namasistimu. Ekutholakaleni kwezidakamizwa, i-synthetic biology inamandla okuguqula ukwelashwa ngokwakha ama-molecule adingeka kakhulu.

Umongo wama-molecule afunekayo

Ubunjiniyela be-Metabolic buvumela ososayensi ukuthi basebenzise amaseli anjiniyela ukuze bakhe ama-molecule amasha futhi asimeme, njengama-biofuels avuselelekayo noma izidakamizwa zokuvimbela umdlavuza. Ngamathuba amaningi anikezwa ubunjiniyela be-metabolic, kubhekwe njengenye ye-“Top Ten Emerging Technologies” yi-World Economic Forum ngo-2016. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-industrial biology kulindeleke ukuthi isize ukuthuthukisa i-bioproducts evuselelekayo nezinto zokwakha, ithuthukise izitshalo, futhi inike amandla amasha. izicelo ze-biomedical.

Umgomo oyinhloko webhayoloji yokwenziwa noma ilebhu ukusebenzisa izimiso zobunjiniyela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo kanye ne-metabolic. I-Synthetic biology iphinde ibandakanye imisebenzi engeyona eye-metabolic, efana nokuguqulwa kofuzo okuqeda omiyane abathwala umalaleveva noma ama-microbiomes akhiwe angangena esikhundleni sikamanyolo wamakhemikhali. Lesi siqondiso sikhula ngokushesha, sisekelwa intuthuko ku-high-throughput phenotyping (inqubo yokuhlola ukwakheka kofuzo noma izici), ukusheshisa amakhono okulandelana kwe-DNA namandla okuhlanganiswa, kanye nokuhlelwa kofuzo okunikwe amandla yi-CRISPR.

Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, namandla abacwaningi okudala ama-molecule adingeka kakhulu kanye namagciwane azo zonke izinhlobo zocwaningo. Ikakhulukazi, ukufunda ngomshini (ML) kuyithuluzi elisebenzayo elingalandelela ngokushesha ukudalwa kwama-molecule okwenziwa ngokubikezela ukuthi uhlelo lwebhayoloji luzoziphatha kanjani. Ngokuqonda amaphethini kudatha yokuhlola, i-ML inganikeza izibikezelo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqonda okujulile kokuthi isebenza kanjani.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ama-molecule adingeka kakhulu abonisa amandla amakhulu ekutholweni kwezidakamizwa. Ithagethi yomuthi i-molecule esekelwe kumaprotheni edlala indima ekudaleni izimpawu zesifo. Izidakamizwa zisebenza kulawa ma-molecule ukushintsha noma ukumisa imisebenzi eholela ezimpawini zesifo. Ukuze bathole imithi engase ibe khona, ososayensi bavame ukusebenzisa indlela ehlanekezelanayo, ehlola ukusabela okwaziwayo ukuze banqume ukuthi yimaphi ama-molecule ahilelekile kulowo msebenzi. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-target deconvolution. Kudinga izifundo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamakhemikhali kanye ne-microbiological ukukhomba ukuthi iyiphi i-molecule eyenza umsebenzi oyifunayo.

Ibhayoloji yokwenziwa ekutholakaleni kwezidakamizwa inika amandla ososayensi ukuthi bakhe amathuluzi amanoveli okuphenya izindlela zezifo ezingeni lamangqamuzana. Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu iwukuklama amasekhethi okwenziwa, okuyizinhlelo eziphilayo ezinganikeza ukuqonda ukuthi iziphi izinqubo ezenzeka ezingeni lamaselula. Lezi zindlela zebhayoloji yokwenziwa ekutholakaleni kwezidakamizwa, ezaziwa ngokuthi izimayini ze-genome, ziguqule imithi.

Isibonelo senkampani ehlinzeka ngama-molecule afunekayo yiGreenPharma esezinze eFrance. Ngokusho kwesizinda senkampani, iGreenpharma idala amakhemikhali ezimboni zemithi, izimonyo, ezolimo, kanye namakhemikhali amahle ngentengo efinyelelekayo. Bakhiqiza ama-molecule e-synthesis yangokwezifiso kumazinga wegram kuya kuma-milligrams. Inkampani ihlinzeka iklayenti ngalinye ngomphathi wephrojekthi oqokiwe (Ph.D.) kanye nezikhathi zokubika ezivamile. Enye inkampani yesayensi yezempilo ehlinzeka ngale sevisi i-OTAVAChemicals yaseCanada, eneqoqo lama-molecule adingekayo ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12 ngokusekelwe kumabhulokhi wokwakha ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu kanye nokusabela kwangaphakathi kwe-44. 

Imithelela yama-molecule adingekayo

Imithelela ebanzi yama-molecule adingekayo ingabandakanya: 

• Inkampani yesayensi yezempilo etshala imali kubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-ML ukuze iveze ama-molecule amasha nezingxenye zamakhemikhali ukuze zengezwe kulwazi lwazo.
• Izinkampani eziningi ezinokufinyelela okulula kuma-molecule adingekayo ukuze zihlole kabanzi futhi zithuthukise imikhiqizo namathuluzi. 
• Abanye ososayensi bafuna imithethonqubo noma izindinganiso zokuqinisekisa ukuthi amafemu awasebenzisi ama-molecule athile ukwenza ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa okungekho emthethweni.
• Amafemu e-Biopharma atshala imali eningi kumalebhu azo ocwaningo ukuze anike amandla ubunjiniyela obufunwa kakhulu kanye ne-microbe njengesevisi yezinye izinkampani ze-biotech nezinhlangano zocwaningo.
• I-synthetic biology evumela ukuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi aphilayo nama-nanoparticles angakwazi ukwenza ukuhlinzwa futhi alethe ukwelashwa kofuzo.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Yiziphi ezinye izimo ezingase zisetshenziswe zama-molecule adingeka kakhulu?
• Le sevisi ingalushintsha kanjani olunye ucwaningo nentuthuko yesayensi?