Ubuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali: Ingabe ukulondoloza idatha kungenzeka nanamuhla?

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Ubuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali: Ingabe ukulondoloza idatha kungenzeka nanamuhla?

Ubuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali: Ingabe ukulondoloza idatha kungenzeka nanamuhla?

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Ngama-petabyte akhula njalo edatha ebalulekile egcinwe ku-inthanethi, ingabe sinamandla okugcina leli qoqo ledatha elikhulayo?
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • November 9, 2021

    Inkathi yedijithali, nakuba igcwele amathuba, iveza izinselelo ezinkulu ezihlanganisa ukulondolozwa nokuvikeleka kokuqukethwe kwedijithali. Ukuvela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, izivumelwano zokuphathwa kwedatha ezingathuthukisiwe, nokuba sengozini kwamafayela edijithali enkohlakalweni kufuna impendulo ehlangene kuyo yonke imikhakha yomphakathi. Ngokulandelayo, ukusebenzisana kwamasu kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eqhubekayo ekuphathweni kokuqukethwe kwedijithali kungakhuthaza ukukhula komnotho, kuthuthukise abasebenzi, futhi kugqugquzele ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe esimeme.

    Ingqikithi yobuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali

    Ukunyuka kweNkathi Yolwazi kusinikeze izinselele eziyingqayizivele esingazange sizicabange emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Isibonelo, ukuvela okuqhubekayo kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, isofthiwe, nezilimi zokubhala amakhodi ezisetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokugcina ezisekelwe emafini kuveza isithiyo esikhulu. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe bushintsha, ingozi yokuthi amasistimu aphelelwe yisikhathi angasebenzisani noma aze ayeke ukusebenza ayakhula, okubeka engcupheni ukuvikeleka nokufinyeleleka kwedatha egcinwe ngaphakathi kwazo. 

    Ukwengeza, izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphatha, ukukhomba, kanye nokubhala inani elikhulu ledatha egcinwe kuzinqolobane ezikhona zisaqala, okuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nokukhetha idatha kanye nokubekwa phambili kokulondoloza. Hlobo luni lwedatha esilubeka kuqala ukuze silondoloze? Yiziphi izici okufanele sizisebenzise ukuze sinqume ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olubalulekile emlandweni, wesayensi, noma wamasiko? Isibonelo esiseqophelweni eliphezulu sale nselelo ingobo yomlando ye-Twitter e-Library of Congress, isinyathelo esaqalwa ngo-2010 sokugcina kungobo yomlando wonke ama-tweets omphakathi. Iphrojekthi yaphela ngo-2017 ngenxa yokwanda kwevolumu yama-tweets kanye nobunzima bokuphatha nokwenza idatha enjalo ifinyeleleke.

    Nakuba idatha yedijithali ingabhekani nezinkinga zokonakaliswa ngokomzimba okungokwemvelo ezincwadini noma ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo, iza nesethi yayo yokuba sengozini. Ifayela elilodwa elonakele noma uxhumano lwenethiwekhi olungazinzile lungasula okuqukethwe kwedijithali ngokuphazima kweso, kugcizelele ubuthakathaka benqolobane yethu yolwazi eku-inthanethi. Ukuhlasela kwe-Garmin Ransomware ka-2020 kusebenza njengesikhumbuzo esiqinile salokhu kuba sengcupheni, lapho ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okukodwa kwaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkampani emhlabeni wonke, kwathinta izigidi zabasebenzisi.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinyathelo ezithathwe imitapo yolwazi, izinqolobane, nezinhlangano ezifana ne-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) ukwenza lula ukulondolozwa kwedatha yedijithali kungaba nomthelela omkhulu. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwalawa mabhizinisi kungase kubangele ekudalweni kwamasistimu okulondoloza aqinile, okuhlinzeka ngesivikelo solwazi lwedijithali oluqoqwe emhlabeni. Njengoba amasistimu anjalo ethuthuka futhi esakazeka kakhulu, lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi ulwazi olubalulekile luhlala lufinyeleleka naphezu kokuhiyishwa kobuchwepheshe noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Iphrojekthi Yezobuciko Namasiko ye-Google, eyaqalwa ngo-2011 futhi esaqhubeka, ibonisa ukubambisana okunjalo lapho ubuchwepheshe bedijithali busetshenziselwa ukulondoloza nokwenza kufinyeleleke inani elikhulu lobuciko namasiko emhlabeni wonke, elifakazela ngempumelelo amagugu amasiko abantu esikhathini esizayo.

    Ngaleso sikhathi, ukugxila okwandayo ekubhekaneni nezingozi ze-cybersecurity ezihambisana nezinhlelo ezisekelwe emafini kubalulekile ekugcineni ukwethenjwa komphakathi kanye nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bedatha egciniwe. Intuthuko eqhubekayo ku-cybersecurity ingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda yamafu evikeleke kakhulu, kwehlise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwedatha futhi kukhuphule ukuzethemba ezinhlelweni zedijithali. Isibonelo salokhu uMthetho Wokulungiselela I-Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act kahulumeni wase-US, odinga ukuthi ama-ejensi ashintshele kumasistimu amelana ngisho nokuhlasela okunamandla kwe-quantum computing.

    Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda yedijithali kunemiphumela engaphezu kokuphepha. Bangase babe nomthelela ekumeni kwezomthetho, ikakhulukazi mayelana namalungelo empahla yobuhlakani kanye nobumfihlo bedatha. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungase kudinge ukuchitshiyelwa kwezinhlaka zomthetho ezikhona noma ukuthuthukiswa kwemithetho emisha ngokuphelele, okungaba nomthelela embonini ezimele nekahulumeni.

    Imithelela yobuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali

    Imithelela ebanzi yobuthaka bokuqukethwe kwedijithali ingase ihlanganise:

    • Ohulumeni batshala imali eningi ezinhlelweni zamafu, okuhlanganisa nokuqasha ochwepheshe abaningi be-IT ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi idatha yomphakathi ivikelekile.
    • Imitapo yolwazi egcina imibhalo yesandla yakudala nezinto zobuciko ezitshala imali kubuchwepheshe obungazivumela ukuthi zibe nesipele se-inthanethi.
    • Abahlinzeki be-Cybersecurity bahlala bethuthukisa imikhiqizo yabo ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokugebenga.
    • Amabhange nezinye izinhlangano ezizwelayo ngolwazi ezidinga ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha kanye nokutholakala kabusha ezibhekene nokuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi okuyinkimbinkimbi.
    • Intshisekelo ekhulayo ekulondolozweni kwedijithali okuholela ekutshalweni kwezimali okwengeziwe kwezemfundo yezobuchwepheshe, okuholela kubasebenzi abanamakhono aphezulu abalungele ukubhekana nezinselele zedijithali zesikhathi esizayo.
    • Isidingo sokulinganisa ukulondolozwa kwedatha nokusimama kwemvelo okushayela ukuqanjwa kabusha kobuchwepheshe bokugcina idatha okonga amandla, okunomthelela ekwehlisweni kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni emkhakheni we-IT.
    • Ukulahleka okusabalele kolwazi olubalulekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ezikhaleni ezibalulekile kulwazi lwethu oluhlangene lomlando, amasiko, kanye nesayensi.
    • Amathuba okuthi okuqukethwe kwedijithali kulahleke noma kusetshenziswe ukungethenjwa emithonjeni yolwazi eku-inthanethi, okuthinta izinkulumo zezombusazwe kanye nokwakhiwa kwemibono yomphakathi.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi kubalulekile ukugcina inqolobane yolwazi olubalulekile lwempucuko yethu? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo?
    • Uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kwedijithali kuyagcinwa?

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