Ukuhlola i-Mars: Amarobhothi okuhlola imigede nezindawo ezijulile ze-Mars

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 8, 2021

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Isikhungo sasemkhathini saseMelika sihamba phambili ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-"Mars Dogs," amarobhothi anemilenze emine ahlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokulawula komuntu ukuze azulazule endaweni eyinselele ye-Mars. Le mishini ethambile, elula futhi esheshayo kunama-rover endabuko, ingahlola izindawo ebezingafinyeleleki ngaphambilini, inikeze imininingwane emisha ngePlanethi Ebomvu. Njengoba sisondela ekoloni yasemkhathini, la marobhothi awagcini nje ngokuvula amathuba ezomnotho futhi abe nomthelela ezinqumweni zenqubomgomo, kodwa aphinde akhuthaze isizukulwane esisha ukuthi sihlanganyele ekuhloleni nasekutholeni isayensi.

Amarobhothi ahlola umongo we-Mars

Isikhungo sasemkhathini saseMelika sakha uhlobo olusha lwemishini yokuhlola, ebizwa ngothando ngokuthi "Izinja ze-Mars." Lezi zidalwa zamarobhothi, eziklanyelwe ukufana nezinja ezinkulu, zinemilenze emine (inemilenze emine). Ukusebenza kwabo kuwukuhlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) nokulawula komuntu, okudala ukulingana phakathi kokwenza izinqumo okuzimele kanye neziyalezo eziqondisiwe. Lezi Zinja Ze-Mars zithambile futhi ziqinile, zifakwe izinzwa ezizenza zikwazi ukubalekela izithiyo, zikhethe ngokuzimela emizileni eminingi, futhi zakha izethulo zedijithali zamathaneli angaphansi komhlaba.

Ngokungafani nama-rover anamasondo asetshenziswa ohambweni lwangaphambili lwe-Mars, njenge-Spirit ne-Opportunity, lezi Zinja Ze-Mars zingakwazi ukuzulazula endaweni eyinselele futhi zihlole imigede. Lezi zindawo bezingakwazi ukufinyeleleka kuzo ama-rover endabuko ngenxa yemikhawulo yawo yokuklama. Idizayini ye-Mars Dogs izivumela ukuthi zikwazi ukuzulazula kulezi zindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi kalula, okwenza ososayensi bathole ulwazi lwezifunda obekungafinyelelwa kuzo ngaphambili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mishini inikeza ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kwejubane nesisindo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi zizolula ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-12 kunezandulela zazo ezinamasondo, okuzosiza ekwehliseni izindleko nobunkimbinkimbi bokuzihambisa kuyi-Mars. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulindeleke ukuthi zihambe ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-5 ngehora, okuyintuthuko enkulu kunejubane eliphezulu le-rover elivamile elingamakhilomitha angu-0.14 ngehora. Lesi sivinini esinyukile sizovumela izinja ze-Mars ukuthi zikwazi ukumboza umhlabathi omningi ngesikhathi esincane.

Umthelela Ophazamisayo

Njengoba la marobhothi eba yinkimbinkimbi, azodlala indima ebalulekile emzamweni wethu wokuqonda indawo yonke. Ngokwesibonelo, lezi Zinja ze-Mars ziklanyelwe ukuphenya zijule emigedeni ye-lava tube, umsebenzi ongaba yingozi kubantu. Bazophinde banikezwe umsebenzi wokusesha izimpawu zempilo yesikhathi esidlule noma yamanje ku-Mars, kanye nokuhlonza izindawo ezingase zibe khona zokuhlaliswa kwabantu esikhathini esizayo. 

Kumabhizinisi nohulumeni, ukuthuthukiswa nokusatshalaliswa kwalezi Zinja ze-Mars kungavula izindlela ezintsha zokukhula komnotho kanye nenzuzo yamasu. Izinkampani ezigxile kumarobhothi, i-AI, nobuchwepheshe basemkhathini zingathola amathuba amasha ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni le mishini yokuhlola ethuthukile. Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukuze baqinisekise ubukhona babo emkhathini, okungase kuholele enkathini entsha yokusebenzelana komkhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha eqoqwe yilawa marobhothi ingazisa izinqumo zenqubomgomo ezihlobene nokuhlola indawo nokuqoqwa kwamakholoni, njengokwabiwa kwezinsiza kanye nokusungulwa kwemithethonqubo.

Njengoba sisondela eqinisweni lekholoni yasemkhathini, la marobhothi angadlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni isintu ukuphila ngale koMhlaba. Bangasiza ekuboneni izinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuphila komuntu kwamanye amaplanethi, njengamanzi namaminerali, futhi basize nasekumiseni ingqalasizinda yokuqala ngaphambi kokufika komuntu. Lokhu kungase kukhuthaze isizukulwane esisha ukuba siphishekele imisebenzi yesayensi nobuchwepheshe, sikhuthaze isiko lomhlaba wonke lokuhlola nokuvumbulula.

Imithelela yamarobhothi ahlola i-Mars

Imithelela ebanzi yamarobhothi ahlola i-Mars ingase ihlanganise:

• Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe edingekayo ekuhloleni i-Mars enezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphendukayo Emhlabeni, okuholela emikhiqizweni emisha namasevisi athuthukisa izinga lethu lempilo.
• Ukutholakala okungaba khona kwempilo ku-Mars kushintsha ukuqonda kwethu ibhayoloji, okuholela emibonweni emisha kanye nempumelelo yezokwelapha.
• Inkathi entsha yokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe emkhathini, ekhuthaza umuzwa wobunye bomhlaba wonke kanye nenjongo eyabiwe.
• Ukukhula komnotho okuholela ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwengcebo emikhakheni ehlobene nobuchwepheshe basemkhathini.
• Izimpikiswano zomthetho nezokuziphatha mayelana namalungelo empahla kanye nokubusa emkhathini, okuholela emithethweni emisha yamazwe ngamazwe nezivumelwano.
• Ukuncipha kwesidingo sosomkhathi abangabantu okuholela ezinguqukweni emakethe yezabasebenzi ukuze kuhlolwe indawo.
• Igebe elikhulayo phakathi kwamazwe anezinhlelo ezithuthukile zasemkhathini nalawo angenawo, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokungalingani komhlaba.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ukuhamba kwamarobhothi ekuhloleni i-Mars kungabuthuthukisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe nokwenziwa okusha Emhlabeni?
• Yiziphi intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe okufanele izinhlangano zithuthuke ukuze abantu bakwazi ukuhlola amanye amaplanethi isikhathi eside?
• Intuthuko yobuchwepheshe bamarobhothi aseMartian ingasetshenziswa kanjani ezinhlelweni zamarobhothi asemhlabeni?