Amatekisi endizayo: I-Transport-as-a-service indizela endaweni yangakini maduze

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 9, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zigijimela ukwethula amatekisi asemoyeni, okuhloswe ngawo ukuguqula ukuhamba kwedolobha nokunciphisa isiminyaminya. Lezi zindiza zikagesi ezisuka zibheke phezulu nezihlala phansi (i-eVTOL), ezifinyeleleka kalula futhi ezinobungani bemvelo kunezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, zinganciphisa kakhulu uhambo lwansuku zonke. Lobu buchwepheshe obusafufusa bungaholela ezinhlelweni ezintsha zamabhizinisi, budinga ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kahulumeni, futhi buguqule ukuhlelwa kwamadolobha.

Umongo wamatekisi andizayo

Ama-tech startups nemikhiqizo esunguliwe iyaqhudelana ukuze ibe ngabokuqala ukuthuthukisa nokudedela esidlangalaleni amatekisi omoya esibhakabhakeni. Nokho, nakuba izinhlelo zabo ziwumgomo wokuvelela, basenayo indlela okufanele bahambe ngayo. Idlanzana lezinkampani zobuchwepheshe liyaphithizela ukukhiqiza amatekisi omoya okuqala enziwa ezentengiselwano (cabanga ngezindiza ezingenayo ezindizayo ezinkulu ngokwanele ukuthwala abantu), ngoxhaso olunikezwa izinkampani ezinkulu ngaphakathi kwemboni yezokuthutha njenge-Boeing, i-Airbus, i-Toyota, ne-Uber.

Amamodeli ahlukene ayathuthukiswa okwamanje, kodwa wonke ahlukaniswe njengendiza ye-VTOL engadingi umzila wezindiza ukuze indize. Amatekisi andizayo athuthukiswa ukuthi ahambe ngesilinganiso samakhilomitha angama-290 ngehora futhi afinyelele ukuphakama okungamamitha angama-300 kuye kwangama-600. Iningi lazo lisebenza ngama-rotor esikhundleni sezinjini ukuze azenze zibe lula futhi zithule.

Ngokusho kukaMorgan Stanley Research, imakethe yezindiza zasemadolobheni ezizimele ingafinyelela ku-USD $ 1.5 trillion ngo-2040. Inkampani yocwaningo iFrost & Sullivan ibikezela ukuthi amatekisi andizayo azoba nokukhula okuhlanganisiwe konyaka ngamaphesenti angama-46 ngo-2040. Iviki Lezindiza , kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthuthwa kwabantu abaningi ngamatekisi andizayo kuzokwenzeka kuphela ngemva kuka-2035.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ezokuthutha zasemoyeni zasemadolobheni, njengoba kucatshangwa yizinkampani ezifana ne-Joby Aviation, zihlongoza ikhambi lenguquko enkingeni ekhulayo yokuminyana kwezimoto emadolobheni amakhulu. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni njengeLos Angeles, Sydney, kanye neLondon, lapho abagibeli bevaleleke kakhulu esiminyaminyeni, ukwamukelwa kwendiza ye-VTOL kunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhamba. Lokhu kushintshwa kwezinto zokuhamba zasemadolobheni kunamandla okuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza kanye nezinga lempilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane zasemadolobheni, ebezilokhu zilinganiselwe ezingxenyeni zabacebile ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bamatekisi andizayo kungenza kube nentando yeningi ezokuthutha zasemoyeni. Edweba ukufana kwezobuchwepheshe kusuka kuma-drones ebhizinisi, lawa matekisi andizayo angase abe nokwenzeka ngokwezomnotho, andise ukukhanga kwawo ngaphezu kwabacebile. Ukwengeza, ukuthambekela kumamodeli asebenza ngogesi kuveza ithuba lokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni emadolobheni, kuhambisana nemizamo yomhlaba wonke yokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko yasemadolobheni esimeme.

Izinkampani zingahlola amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha kanye neminikelo yesevisi, zingene emakethe eyazisa ukusebenza kahle nokusimama. Ohulumeni bangase badinge ukutshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda kanye nezinhlaka zokulawula ukuze kuhlaliswe futhi kuhlanganiswe ngokuphephile izindiza ze-VTOL ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ngokwezinga lomphakathi, ukushintshela ekuhambeni kwezindiza kungase kumise kabusha ukuhlelwa kwedolobha, okungase kube lula ukugcwala kwemigwaqo futhi kunciphise isidingo sengqalasizinda ebanzi esekelwe phansi. 

Imithelela yamatekisi andizayo 

Imithelela ebanzi yokwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa kwamatekisi andizayo ingahlanganisa:

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezokuthutha/ezihambayo kanye nezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezigaba ezihlukene zamasevisi amatekisi asemoyeni, kusukela kumali ekhokhelwayo kuya kokuyisisekelo, kanye nezengezo ezihlukahlukene (okudla okulula, okokuzijabulisa, njll.).
• Amamodeli e-VTOL angashayeli abe yinjwayelo (yeminyaka yowezi-2040) njengoba amafemu ezokuthuthwa njengesevisi ezama ukwenza imali yokugibela ifinyeleleke futhi yonge ezindlekweni zabasebenzi.
• Ukuhlolwa kabusha okugcwele komthetho wezokuthutha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalolu hlobo lwezokuthutha olusha olungaphezu kwalokho oselutholakalele izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwengqalasizinda emisha yezokuthutha zomphakathi, izikhungo zokuqapha, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemizila yezindiza.
• Izindleko zomkhakha womphakathi zikhawulela ukwamukelwa kwezinga elibanzi lamatekisi andizayo, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka kancane.
• Izinsizakalo ezisizayo, ezifana nezinsizakalo zomthetho nezomshwalense, i-cybersecurity, ezokuxhumana, izindlu ezithengiswayo, isofthiwe, nezimoto ezikhulayo ngesidingo sokusekela ukuhamba komoya wasemadolobheni. 
• Izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo nezamaphoyisa zingashintsha ingxenye yezimoto zabo ziye kuma-VTOL ukuze zinike amandla izikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha ezimweni eziphuthumayo zasemadolobheni nezasemaphandleni.  

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ungathanda ukugibela amatekisi andizayo?
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