Izigxivizo zenhliziyo: Ukuhlonza i-biometric okukhathalelayo

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• October 4, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

I-Heartprints, uhlelo olusha lwebhayomethrikhi, lunikeza indlela eyingqayizivele nephephe kakhudlwana yokuhlonza abantu ngabanye ngokuskena amaphethini abo okushaya kwenhliziyo ahlukile. Lobu buchwepheshe buvela njengenye indlela ethembekile yezindlela zendabuko ezifana nokubonwa kobuso, okufakazela ukuthi luwusizo ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezisukela ekusebenzeni kwezempi ukuya ekuvikelekeni kwedivayisi yomuntu siqu. Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa kwayo kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nemithelela yezimiso zokuziphatha zokugadwa okusabalele ngaphandle kwemvume.

Izigxivizo zenhliziyo umongo

I-Biometric identification yisihloko esibucayi esikhuthaze inkulumompikiswano yomphakathi ngokuthi ingephula kanjani ubumfihlo bedatha. Abantu abaningi baqaphele ukuthi kulula ukufihla noma ukushintsha izici zobuso ukuze bakhohlise amadivayisi okuskena ebusweni. Kodwa-ke, kutholwe uhlelo oluhlukile lwe-biometric ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlonza ngaphandle kokuthinta kodwa okunembe kakhudlwana: izigxivizo zenhliziyo.

Ngo-2017, ithimba labacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseBuffalo bathola uhlelo olusha lwe-cybersecurity olusebenzisa ama-radar ukuskena amasignesha okushaya kwenhliziyo. Inzwa yerada ye-Doppler ithumela isignali engenantambo kumuntu okuqondiwe, futhi isignali ibuyela emuva ngokunyakaza kwenhliziyo yalowo oqondiwe. Lawa maphuzu edatha aziwa ngokuthi izigxivizo zenhliziyo, ezingasetshenziswa ukukhomba amaphethini okushaya kwenhliziyo ahlukile abantu. Izigxivizo zenhliziyo ziphephile kunedatha yobuso nezigxivizo zeminwe ngoba azibonakali, okwenza kube inselele kubagebengu base-inthanethi ukuthi bazintshontshe.

Uma isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuqinisekisa yokungena, izigxivizo zenhliziyo zingenza ukuqinisekiswa okuqhubekayo. Isibonelo, lapho umnikazi obhalisiwe wekhompuyutha noma i-smartphone ephuma, kuyenzeka ukuthi aphume futhi abuyele ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho izigxivizo zenhliziyo zakhe sezitholwe uhlelo. I-radar ithatha amasekhondi ayisishiyagalombili ukuskena inhliziyo okokuqala ngqa bese ingaqhubeka nokuyiqapha ngokuqhubeka nokuyibona. Ubuchwepheshe buphinde baboniswa buphephe kakhudlwana kubantu, uma buqhathaniswa nezinye izinto zikagesi ze-Wi-Fi ezikhipha ngaphansi kwephesenti elingu-1 lemisebe ekhishwa i-smartphone evamile. Abacwaningi bahlole lolu hlelo izikhathi ezingu-78 kubantu abahlukene, futhi imiphumela yayinembe ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-98.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngo-2020, amasosha ase-US adala i-laser scan ekwazi ukubona ukushaya kwenhliziyo kusuka okungenani ngamamitha angama-200 ngokunemba okungamaphesenti angama-95. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kubaluleke kakhulu ku-Special Operations Command (SOC) yoMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US, ophethe imisebenzi eyimfihlo yezempi. I-sniper ehlela ukuqeda isitha kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi umuntu olungile uphambi kwakhe ngaphambi kokudubula.

Ukwenza lokhu, amasosha ngokuvamile asebenzisa isofthiwe eqhathanisa izici zobuso zomsolwa noma ukuhambahamba nalezo ezirekhodwe emitapweni yolwazi yedatha ye-biometric ehlanganiswe amaphoyisa nezinhlangano zezobunhloli. Nokho, ubuchwepheshe obunjalo abukwazi ukusebenza kumuntu ogqoke izinto ezifihlayo, othwele ekhanda, noma oxhuga ngenhloso. Nakuba, ngama-biometric ahlukile afana nezigxivizo zenhliziyo, amasosha angaqinisekiswa ukuthi kuzoba nesikhala esincane sokukhonjwa ngokungeyikho. 

Isistimu yokuskena nge-laser, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Jetson, ingakala ukudlidliza kwemizuzu engutsheni okubangelwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu. Njengoba izinhliziyo zinezimo ezihlukene nezindlela zokufinyeza, zihluke ngokwanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ungubani. I-Jetson isebenzisa i-laser vibrometer ukuze ithole izinguquko ezincane ensimini ye-laser ebonakala entweni ethakaselwayo. Ama-vibrometer asetshenziswe kusukela ngawo-1970 ukutadisha izinto ezinjengamabhuloho, izindikimba zezindiza, iziqhumane zemikhumbi yempi, nezinjini zomoya—kuthungathwa ukuqhekeka okungabonakali, amaphakethe omoya, nokunye ukukhubazeka okuyingozi ezintweni. 

Imithelela yezigxivizo zenhliziyo

Imithelela ebanzi yezigxivizo zenhliziyo ingase ihlanganise: 

• Amasistimu okuqapha omphakathi asebenzisa ukuskena kwe-heartprint ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zokunakekelwa kwezempilo (isb., isifo senhliziyo).
• Izazi zezimiso zokuziphatha zikhathazekile ngokusebenzisa izigxivizo zenhliziyo ukuze zigadwe ngaphandle kwemvume.
• Ezokuthutha zomphakathi nezikhumulo zezindiza ezisebenzisa amasistimu wokuthwebula ama-heartprint ukuhlola abantu ngabanye noma ukubika ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi engajwayelekile.
• Amabhizinisi asebenzisa ukuskena kwe-heartprint ukulawula ukufinyelela kumabhilidi, izimoto, namathuluzi.
• Imishini yomuntu siqu yobuchwepheshe esebenzisa ukuskena kwezigxivizo zenhliziyo njengamakhodi okudlula.
• Izinkampani zomshwalense wezempilo zilungisa izinqubomgomo ezisuselwe kudatha yenhliziyo ngayinye, okuholela ezinhlelweni eziqondene nawe kakhulu futhi ezingabiza izindleko.
• Ama-ejensi omthetho asebenzisa ukuskena kwe-heartprint ukuze ahlonzwe umsolwa, aphakamise ukukhathazeka mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nenkululeko yomphakathi.
• Izitolo ezithengisayo ezihlanganisa ukuskena kwezigxivizo zenhliziyo ukuze uthole ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu kokuthenga, ezithuthukisa isevisi yamakhasimende kodwa ngokungenzeka zephule ubumfihlo bomuntu siqu.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yiziphi ezinye izingozi ezingaba khona noma izinzuzo zokunyathelisa kwenhliziyo?
• Le biometric ingashintsha kanjani futhi indlela osebenza ngayo nokuphila?