I-Nutrigenomics: Ukulandelana kwe-Genomic nokudla komuntu siqu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• October 12, 2022

Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona nabasubathi abafuna ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwabo kahle bakhangwa kakhulu imakethe esafufusa ye-nutrigenomics. Kodwa-ke, abanye odokotela abaqiniseki ngesisekelo sesayensi sokuhlolwa kwe-nutrigenomic njengoba kusenocwaningo olulinganiselwe.

Umongo we-Nutrigenomics

I-Nutrigenomics iwucwaningo lokuthi izakhi zofuzo zihlangana kanjani nokudla futhi zibe nomthelela endleleni eyingqayizivele umuntu ngamunye agaya ngayo amavithamini, amaminerali, nezinye izinhlanganisela kulokho akudlayo. Le ndawo yesayensi ibheka ukuthi wonke umuntu udonsa, aphule, futhi asebenze amakhemikhali ngendlela ehlukile ngokusekelwe ku-DNA yabo. I-Nutrigenomics isiza ekunqumeni lolu hlelo lomuntu siqu. Izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngale sevisi zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokukwazi ukukhetha imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu namasevisi angafeza izinjongo zezempilo zomuntu. Le nzuzo ibalulekile njengoba izidlo eziningi kanye nenala yochwepheshe inikeza imibono eyahlukene. 

I-Genetics idlala indima endleleni umzimba osabela ngayo ekudleni. I-National Library of Medicine ishicilele ucwaningo lwabantu abayi-1,000, uhhafu wabahlanganyeli bengamawele, okubonisa ukuxhumana okujabulisayo phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo nezakhamzimba. Kwagqanyiswa ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini athonywa kakhulu ukwakheka kwe-macronutrient ekudleni (amaprotheni, amafutha, nama-carbohydrate), futhi amagciwane amathumbu abe nomthelela omkhulu emazingeni e-blood-lipid (amafutha). Kodwa-ke, izakhi zofuzo zingathinta amazinga kashukela egazi ngaphezu kwe-lipids, nakuba ingabalulekile kunokulungiswa kokudla. Abanye ochwepheshe bokudla bakholelwa ukuthi i-nutrigenomics ingasiza ukusekela umsoco womuntu siqu noma izincomo ezisekelwe ekulandelaneni kwe-genome. Le ndlela ingase ibe ngcono kunezeluleko zodokotela eziningi zokulinganisa zonke iziguli. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Izinkampani ezimbalwa, njenge-US-based Nutrition Genome, zihlinzeka ngezinsiza zokuhlola i-DNA eziphakamisa ukuthi abantu bangakuthuthukisa kanjani ukudla kwabo nendlela yokuphila. Amakhasimende anga-oda amakhithi ku-inthanethi (izintengo ziqala ku-$359 USD), futhi ngokuvamile athatha izinsuku ezine ukulethwa. Amakhasimende angathatha amasampula e-swab futhi awabuyisele elebhu yomhlinzeki. Isampula libe selikhishwa futhi lifakwe i-genotype. Uma imiphumela isilayishiwe kudeshibhodi yangasese yeklayenti ohlelweni lokusebenza lwenkampani yokuhlola i-DNA, iklayenti lizothola isaziso se-imeyili. Ukuhlaziywa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa amazinga ayisisekelo ofuzo e-dopamine ne-adrenaline azisa amakhasimende ngendawo yawo yokusebenza ethuthukisiwe, ikhofi noma itiye, noma izidingo zamavithamini. Olunye ulwazi lunikeze ingcindezi nokusebenza kwengqondo, ukuzwela ubuthi, kanye nemetabolism yezidakamizwa.

Ngenkathi imakethe ye-nutrigenomics incane, kube nemizamo yocwaningo ekhulayo yokufakazela ukuba semthethweni kwayo. Ngokusho kwe-American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, izifundo ze-nutrigenomics azinazo izindlela ezijwayelekile futhi zikhinyabeza ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okungaguquki lapho kuklanywa futhi kwenziwa ucwaningo. Kodwa-ke, inqubekelaphambili isiyenziwe, njengokwenza isethi yemibandela yokuqinisekisa I-Food Intake Biomarkers ngaphakathi kwe-FoodBall consortium (eyakhiwe amazwe ayi-11). Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwamazinga kanye namapayipi okuhlaziya kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi ukuhumusha kuyahambisana nokuqonda ukuthi ukudla kukuthinta kanjani umzimba womuntu. Noma kunjalo, iminyango yezempilo kazwelonke iyaqaphela amandla e-nutrigenomics ukuze kube nokudla okungcono. Isibonelo, i-UK National Institutes of Health (NIH) itshala imali ekondlekeni okunembayo ukuze ifundise ngokunembile umphakathi ngalokho okufanele ukudle.

Imiphumela ye-nutrigenomics

Imithelela ebanzi ye-nutrigenomics ingafaka: 

• Inani elandayo leziqalo ezinikeza ukuhlolwa kwe-nutrigenomics kanye nokuhlangana nezinye izimboni ze-biotechnology (isb, i-23andMe) ukuhlanganisa izinsizakalo.
• Inhlanganisela ye-nutrigenomics kanye ne-microbiome test kits ithuthukisa ukuhlaziya okunembe kakhudlwana kokuthi abantu bakugaya kanjani futhi bakuncele kanjani ukudla.
• Ohulumeni abaningi nezinhlangano ezithuthukisa ucwaningo lwabo kanye nezinqubomgomo ezintsha zokudla, umsoco, nempilo.
• Amaphrofeshinali ancike ekusebenzeni komzimba, njengabasubathi, amasosha, osomkhathi, nabaqeqeshi bejimu, kusetshenziswa i-nutrigenomics ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukudla kanye namasosha omzimba. 

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Ukunyuka kwe-nutrigenomics kungahlanganiswa kanjani nezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokudla komuntu siqu?