Uthuli oluhlakaniphile: Izinzwa ze-Microelectromechanical ukuze ziguqule imikhakha ehlukene

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 16, 2022

Abacwaningi banamuhla basebenza ezinhlelweni zothuli ezihlakaniphile ezinganika amandla amasha okuqamba kwezokwelapha, ucwaningo lwesayensi, kanye nezimboni ezinzima.  

Umongo wothuli oluhlakaniphile

I-Smart dust iyisisetshenziswa esincane esivame ukusebenza eduze kwamashumi kuya kumakhulu kuya ezinkulungwaneni zamanye amathuluzi anjalo, futhi ngayinye ingasebenza njengengxenye ngayinye yesistimu yekhompyutha enkulu. Uthuli oluhlakaniphile luqukethe uhla lwezinhlelo ezincane ezingenantambo ze-microelectromechanical (MEMS), njengamarobhothi, amakhamera, izinzwa, nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana. I-MEMS igcina ixhunywe kunethiwekhi yekhompiyutha ngaphandle kwentambo ukuze kuhlaziywe idatha etholwe ngobuchwepheshe be-radio-frequency identification (RFID). 

I-MEMS, ebizwa nangokuthi ama-motes, iqoqa idatha, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza, ukusheshisa, ukucindezela, umsindo, ingcindezi, nomswakama. Le datha idluliswa isuka ohlelweni olulodwa lwe-microelectromechanical iye kwenye ize ifinyelele endaweni yokudlulisela. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-MEMS ihlanganisa (1) ukuqoqa idatha, (2) ukucubungula idatha ngesistimu yekhompyutha ngaphandle kwentambo, (3) nokudlulisa idatha emafini noma kwenye i-MEMS ngaphandle kwentambo.

Abanye abacwaningi baphikisa ngokuthi uthuli oluhlakaniphile lumelele ukuvela okulandelayo kwe-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT). Lawa madivayisi athuthuke kakhulu, futhi ahlanganiswa yonke indawo kusukela kubuchwepheshe bamakhasimende njengama-smart thermostat kuya emikhiqizweni yomkhakha wezinkampani njengezinzwa ezincane eziqapha ukukhiqizwa kwemithombo kawoyela. 

Kodwa-ke, njengokusho kwe-Gartner's Hype Cycle, ubuchwepheshe bothuli oluhlakaniphile buzothatha iminyaka eyishumi ukuzuza ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kanye nokuguqula i-IoT ngezinga lezentengiso. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngenxa yesisindo nobukhulu bawo, amadivaysi othuli ahlakaniphile angabekwa kalula ezindaweni eziwumngcingo nezikude ukuze aqoqe imininingwane enemininingwane ezimeni ezihlukene. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ubuchwepheshe bothuli oluhlakaniphile bubonakale buzuzisa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene kanye nomsebenzi wocwaningo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Uthuli oluhlakaniphile lungabuye lubekwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni womuntu ukuze kubhekwe ukutholakala kwezitho ezilimele namathambo aphukile. 
• Lawa ma-MEMS amancane angasetshenziswa embonini yezolimo ukuqapha izidingo ezihlukene zezitshalo, njengokulawula izinambuzane nezikhathi zokunisela. 
• Abacwaningi e-UC Berkeley baye bafakazela ukuthi uthuli olungathathi hlangothi lungahlaziya imisebenzi yobuchopho.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Yiziphi ezinye izinhlelo ocabanga ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bothuli oluhlakaniphile eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo?
• Ohulumeni kufanele babulawule kanjani lobu buchwepheshe ukuze balinganisele ukusetshenziswa kabi kwabo?